0 Weather Cloudy, followed by snow and colder. Ar flit. r4t an Ahr juattij Editorial Black-Shirt Anniversary .,. VOL. XLIX. No. 129 Z-323 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN TUESDAY, MARCH 28, 1939 PRICE FIVE CENTS I MOMMIMINNAM Poland Floats Huge National Defense Loan To StopHitler Plans To Thwart German Ambitions In Danzig And Polish Corridor Berlin Denies Report Of Official Demands WARSAW, March 27.-(;P)-Poland today announced a huge extraordin- ary national defense loan to "assure new successes for Polish arms" should difficulties arise with growing Ger- many or any of her neighbors. While the belief increased in War- saw that Nazi Germany was planning a new blow in Danzig, where Poland has sworn to protect her minority and her martime rights, the issue of an internal loan of 1,200,000,000 Zloty ($225,600,000) was announced by President Ignace Moscicki for war- planes and air defense. General Stanaslas Skwarczynski, chief of the National Unity Move- ment, Poland's only party which has representatives in parliament, point- edly recalled the Polish victory over German knights at Grunwald in 1410 in issuing an appeal for subscriptions to the loan tonight. Announcement of the loan came as it was persistently reported that the German Fuehrer, Adolf Hitler, had brought to the attention of the Polish government a four-point list of de- mands relating to Danzig and the Polish Corridor. Skwarcznski's statement, in the light of these reports, was interpret- ed to mean that Poland is ready and determined to fight if necessary with- out waiting for Britain and France to form a "stop Hitler" bloc with iron- clad guarantees of military assistance. "Historical events are taking place near our frontiers," Skwarczynski said, in an apparent reference to Ger- man annexation of the territory of Memel from Lithuania last Thurs- day, and to the dissolution of Czecho- Slovakia on Poland's southern fron- tier. "We look upon these important changes quietly because our security is based on confidence in our power and strength." Official circles were silent and sources close to the government said the four points in the reported sug- gestions given Warsaw by Berlin were based on "speculation and presump- tion." "Official spokesmen in Berlin de- nied insistently that Germany had any designs on Danzig or Poland or that any note had been sent to Po- land." Peace Strike Programs Set ByTwo Groups Anti-War And All-Campus Committees Announce DifferingPlatforms Two programs for the peace strike to be held on April 20 were adopted by the Anti-War Committee and the All-Campus Peace Committee, at separate meetings held last night. A negotiating committee to attempt to reach an agreement with other peace groups was created, but a mo- tion to establish such a committee for the All-Campus group was de- feated on the ground that its meet- ings had been open from the begin- ning and all persons interested were free to participate in the formulation of a program. The program adopted by the All- Campus Peace Committee meeting at- tended by more than 50 people calls= for the preservation of America's peace and integrity by the following: Recognizing that Fascist aggression is the real war danger today and that x"appeasement" and isolation mean selling out to the Fascists; American leadership in the struggle for world peace through distinction in our for- f eign policy and trade relations be- tween aggressor nations and victims; the good neighbor program for con- tinental solidarity; strengthening and democratizing our armed forces and forwarding social and economic secur- ity as part of defense as basic as armaments themselves. British Veto Nazi Boycott; Will Seek Rumanian Trade 'Economic Independence' Of Rumania Unaltered, Cabinet Official Says LONDON, March 27.-(RP)-GreatI Britain today turned down the idea' of joining any movement for an ec-' -onomic boycott of Germany, but made it clear she intended to go' after Rumanian trade despite the new German-Rumanian treaty. Richard Austen Butler, Parliamen- tary Under-Secretary for Foreign3 Affairs, told the House of Commons the Government was not considering a boycott against Germany either independently or through the ma- chinery of the League of Nations "with American cooperation." (A State Department official in' Washington said there had been no exchange of views between the Unit- ed States and British Governments Spring Concert To Marks 80th Year For Bhand Two violins, two flutes, a guitar and a cello-=such was the extent of the University Band in 1859. Next Tuesday 165 musicians will commem- orate the 80th anniversary of a Band which has grown to 130 members in, the annual Spring Concert in Hill Auditorium. The instruments used in that first band now repose in musical collec- tions, or are limited to use in concert orchestras, For a while doubt was voiced as to the Band's actually originating way back in '59, but an old sepia photo- graph, showing the six founding fath- ers and +their 'antiquated instruments1 now rests on the walls of Morris Hall, the Band's headquarters.t But it was not until 1913 that the Varsity Band gained official recog- nition and became a part of the Uni- versity. In 1933 bandleader George Olsen, '14, credited with originating the stunt of tossing the drum major's batonover the goalpost crossbar, presented the Band with aset of flags at a football game commemorating1 that event.df concerning an economic boycott of Germany). The possibility of American par- ticipation in a boycott was raised by Laborite Morgan Pricewho suggested that economic penalties be applied "in view of the friendly reply re- ceived from the American govern- ment indicating willingness to co- operate in economic activities of the League." A United States note to the League Secretariat last Feb. 22 promised greater collaboration w i t h t h e League, but concerned only economic studies and other non-political ac- tivities. Prime Minister Chamberlain told Commons that Rumania had not "signed away her economic indepen- dence" in her new treaty with Ger- many and said Britain still intended to send a trade mission to Bucharest. Rumania is eager for the British mission to be sent, the Prime Min- ister said, "and that, of course, is our intention." Referring to the German-Rumanian trade agreement, concluded last week, Chamberlain said Rumania had informed Britain it was "directed against no third party." This was understood to indicate that British trade with Rumania would not be threatened. The most pressing problem before the Government continued to be the question of military conscription which, some sources said, was threat- ening to split the Cabinet. McCrea Will Speak Here On Journalism Archie McCrea, editor of the Mus- kegon Chronicle, will talk on "The Newspaper "and Public Opinion" inI the sixth in a series of journalism lec- ture to be given at 3 p.m. tomorrow in Room E, Haven Hall under the auspices of the journalism depart- ment. McCrea is one of the distinguished editors of the state, according to 'Prof. John L. Brumm of the journal- ism department. He has been a mem- ber of the University Press Club of Michigan since its inception 20 years ago. Report Shows Student Wives EarnOwnWay Business Research Bureau Survey Indicates Wife Aids In 44% Of Cases Median Incomes Are Found Nearly Equal By CARL PETERSEN That the place for student wives is scarcely in the home was indicated in figures released by the University today. A report recently issued on "The Housing Status of Married Students at the University of Michigan," pre- pared by the Bureau of Business Re- search under the direction of Prof. Richard U. Ratcliff of the School of Business Administration, indicates that in 44 per cent of the families surveyed, the wife provides a part of the income and in two cases out of 272; she is the sole source of income. Of the 500 married students living as tenants, 272, or 54 per cent of the total number reported to the Bu- reau's questionaire. Bureau statisti- cians believe this figure constitutes a statistically dependable sample and that the results obtained are repre- sentative of the entire body of mar- ried students. The most common type of struc- ture in which married students live, according to the report, is the made- over one-family house, "usually an old building located within a few blocks of the campus In general, the report asserted, the financial status of married students is better than was anticipated. Only 4.8 per cent of the families depend entirely upon a University appoint- ment for their living. Four per cent depend on savings alone and 10.4 per cent depend upon other sources of in- come, including outside jobs of the husband and income from invest- ments. Of husbands on the Univer- sity pay roll, the average pay is be- tween $700 and $800. "It is interest- ing to note," says the report, "that the median income of wives is ap- proximately the same as that of hus- bands on the University payroll." The wives are engaged in a great variety of work, the report states-18 dif- (Continued on Page 2) Income Tax Supreme Court Abolishes Of Governme French Concession Might i Colonial Ambitions Italy's Only Bond With Reich.; France Faces Dilemma By HERVIE HAUFILER Mussolini's speech Sunday has forced France to face the problem of how much she is willing to offer Italy in order to weaken the Rome-Berlin axis, Prof. Howard M. Ehrmann of ;he history department declared yes- terday. Since the annexation of Austria, virtually the only strong bond that keeps Italy's destiny tied up with that of Germany, Professor Ehrmann claimed, is the support that Hitler may give Italy in making colonial conquests. Aside from the Spanish war Profes- sor Ehrmann believes that Italy now has more in common with France and Great Britain than " with Ger- many. Hitler's "Drang Nach Osten" is impinging on Italian interests, has extended Germany to the borders of Italy and may ultimately raise a question of control of the Adriatic Sea. The eastward march of the Third Reich is of no benefit to Italy. Any concessions that are granted to Italy, however, must be at the direct expense of France and Eng- land. Perhaps Germany's colonial as- pirations can be met in large degree by sacrificing Belgian or Portuguese- overseas possessions, Professor Ehr- mann said, but Mussolini's immediate demands are for gain in the French territories in Africa. This minimum program for Tunis would includes a guaranty of protec- tion of approximately 100,000 Italian colonists in Tunis against French assimilation. Under the terms of the Mussolini-Laval Treaty of 1935, since declared inoperative, the French granted that all persons born in Tunis of Italian parentage until 1965 may retain Italian nationality, be free to enter the professions and attend Itali- an schools. Professor Ehrmann be- lieves that an indefinite extension of this right, conflicting with the French desire of a unified colony, will prob- (Continued on Page 2) Ruthven Will Broadcast To Nation On Tolerance Tmmunities nt Workers re Opes Doors To Taxation Of 3,800,000 Federal iSays State And Local Workers Decision Reverses Historic Precedent WASHINGTON, March 27.-(P)- In a historic 6 to 2 decision, the Su- preme Court today wiped out the in- come tax immunity of 3,800,000 per- sons employed by Federal, State, mu- nicipal, county and other govern- ments. Sharply reversing a trend of de- cisions that extended far back into the 19th century, the tribunal de- Glared that the Federal government N and states would not hamper or bur- den each other's activities unconsti- tutionally if they taxed each other's employes. Some Salaries Below Limit The decision, in effect, gave judi- cial sanction to half of the Roosevelt program calling for reciprocal taxa- LINI tion of Federal and state salaries and securities. Moreover, the broad lan- BENITO MUSSO Hitler's .Dream O Empire Seen Near Fulfillment A Result Of latest Coups SWEDEN MEMEL RETURNED TO GERMANY . v,.DANZ IG MARCH 22 BY TECHNICALLY LITH UAN IA SCHLESWIG 4k FREE CITY - PARTLY HELD DOMINATED BY DENMARK BY NAZIS LITHUANIA . a __ --M -C-E.RU-I w ~ EUPEN AND MALMEDYW HELD BY BELGIUM WEATDPOSNAL ,dp~ ANDBYPOLENHD let'. UPPERSIL.ESIA P L ND 122 SQUARE UPPE SILESIA MILES T74EN THREE QUARTERS RE- FRANCE FROM CZECHO-f TURNED TO GERMANY HOLDS SLOVAKIA AT 1921 AFTER PLEBWTE LORRAINE RETURNEDMNCH LORRINETO GERANY ----- AFTER PLEQSCITE POLAND STILL HAS THIS .FR ANCE OF 1935 AREA OF UPPER 51 LESIA ITZERLXT4 HUSGRUMANIA I T ALY s AI This map shows how, by plebiscite and by what Adolf Hitler termed a "unique process of reparations," Ger- many has recovered or partially recovered some of the areas taken away from her in Europe under the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. Continental Germany today is composed of the striped areas above. Areas striped diagonal- ly have been recovered as shown in the legends. Black areas were surrendered under the treaty, and have not been recovered. Student Senate Will Consider Poll On Kipke May Invite Former Coach To Open Forum Held On Regency Election A proposal to submit Harry Kipke's candidacy for the Board of Regents to a campus referendum vote Friday will be considered by the Student Senate at 7:30 p.m. today in the Union. The possibility of inviting Michigan's former football coach to an open forum meeting on the Regen- cy election will also be discussed. The Senate last week asked the voters of the State to "repudiate Mr. Kipke's candidacy" because of his "affiliations, his connection with machine politics, and his lack of training for the position." Immedi- ately there was a cry that the Senate was no true mirror of student opinion. on this subject. The projected poll should decide. this question, it was explained. Meanwhile campaigning for the 16 seats on the Student Senate to be vacated after tonight's meeting con- tinued. Platforms were whipped into final shape yesterday to be printed tomorrow on the Daily's Student Sen- ate Battle Page. The complete list of candidates and an explanation of the proportional representation vot- ing system will also appear. The nation will hear President Ruthven's views on tolerance at 9 a.m. Sunday over a national hook- up of the Columbia Broadcasting System. Join the Choir, the program us- ually heard at this time, will be sus- pended but will be heard at its regu- lar time following Spring Vacation. The Court took the following action yesterday: Abolished tax immunity on salaries paid to Federal and State employes. Agreed to pass on the constitution- ality of the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937. Refused to consider a new chal- lenge to the right of Associate Jus- tice Black to his seat on the Court. Held unconstitutional the New Jer- sey "gangster" act. Affirmed a lower court decision that Douglas Fairbanks must repay to the Federal government a $72,186 income tax refund, with interest since 1932. guage of the decision buoyed hopes of Administration men that the way was cleared for wiping out immuni- ties on the income from future is- sues of securities. Federal revenue officials welcomed the decision they estimated they could get $16,000,000 a year by tax- ing the salaries of state and local em- ployes. There was no immediate estimate of the sums the state would collect, because the rates in the 33 states which have income taxes vary widely. Sanctions Tax Program The Federal government has about 1,200,000 employes, while the state and local governments have 2,600,- 000. Although the immunity of all has been abolished, many of them will not, in fact, have to pay income taxes because their salaries fall be- low the exemptions granted in in- come tax law. Today's decision was made in the case of James B. O'Keefe, a Home Owners Loan Corporation attorney whom New York state sought to tax. Justice Stone, reading the majority opinion, declared that previous de- cisions were over-ruled "so far as they recognize an implied constitu- tional immunity from income taxa- tion of the salaries of officers or em- ployes of the national or a state gov- ernment or their instrumentalities." Operetta Cast Is Announced Varsity Glee Club To Give 'Trial By Jury' The cast of Gilbert and Sullivan's comic operetta, "Trial by Jury;" which will be presented at the Varsity Glee Club's annual Spring Concert at 8:30 p.m. Thursday in Hill Auditorium, was announced yesterday. The male lead, the Judge, will be sung by Harry Lusk, '39, The "female lead," the Plaintiff, will be sung by Jack Secrist, Grad. The parts of four "bridesmaids" will be taken by Wil- liam MacIntosh, '40, Arthur Swann, '39, Hugh Roberts, '39 and Chandler Pinney, '40E. Other soloists are Counsel for the Plaintiff,. James George, '41; Defend- ant. Robert Nelson .4- :heriff Ralnh - Business, Politics, Fraternities And Finals Perplex Students' By MORTON LINDER A short time ago this column, which has been peppering the cam- pus with questions for some few months, reversed the process and at- tempted to answer various questions submitted by students selected at random. The variation was received quite well and so we are trying it again today. Remember that the opinions presented are strictly our own, and any similarity to logical reasoning is purely accidental. THE QUESTION: If you were con- ducting this column, what question would you ask? THE PLACE: Library steps. Don Stevenson, '41, asks: "Do you think the United States government should act to stim- ulate business?" The Answer: To say the govern- ment should act as a business stimu- lant is to touch the problem lightly and superficially. Assuming that gov- ernment and busi- ness should be two distinct spheres (a. danntab nlioint) we mst realize ment lend a hand in addition to a handout). Jane Larson, '41, asks: "Who will be the next governor of Michigan? The answer: Our clairvoyant pow- ers being in a I somewhat u n r e- vealing state, this question finds us a little unprepared. We imagine, how- ever, that, should Governor Dickin- son appoint Harry Toy Lieutenant- Governor, there is a distinct possibility that Dickinson might retire, thus leaving Toy with the gubernatorial chair. Outside of this, we can think of none as a pos- sible candidate unless it's Harry Kipke. Erma Bush, '42, asks: "What do the majority of freshmen women think of the new hours regulation?" The Answer: We should think they would bevery much pleased if the head on The Daily story r late last semester announcing th e hnonna i s eaan+ ' Reich Now Wields World's Largest Military Machine; Poland Seen Next Victim Of Nazi Might By ELLIOTT MARANISS Hitler's swift moves in the last two weeks, resulting in the forcible an- nexation of Czechoslovakia and Mem- el and the attainment of economic control over Rumania, have served, according to most observers to im- times the territory Germany lost at Versailles, and commands an empire which comprises 269,000 square miles with a total population of 88,000,000. The German dream of political and economic sovereignty over Central and Eastern Europe, a dream char- naar,,nA , t i Cth, a- ,-. F ait., i .Am 'Ensian Poll May Incite Prof.'s To Apple-Polish The tables will be turned this week when professors apple polish stu- dents to get their votes in the election for the most popular professor on campus. The contest, sponsored by the flfnh-i x at, an ur i n Aaa4 An Fla