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VOL. XLIX. No. 120

Z-323

ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN FRIDAY, MARCH 17, 1939

PRICE FIVE

__________________________________________________________ U


N

S lova kia
Requests
Nazi Rule
2,450,000 Join Growing
Nazi Empire As Hungary
Takes Carpatho-Ukraine
Der Fuehrer Follows
As Troops Advance
BERLIN, March 16.-( --Slovakia
threw herself under protection of
the swastika today, joining Bohemia
and Moravia in the expanding em-
pire of Adolf Hitler.
It was a significant anniversary for
the former army corporal.
He took under his rule 14,600 square
miles and 2,450,000 persons in Slo-
vakia just a day after he became
protector of the 19,030 square miles
and 6,733,632 persons in Bohemia and
Moravia.
Carpatho-Ukraine, the other pro-
vince of war-born Czecho-slovakia
with an area of 4,206 square miles
and a population of 550,000 persons,
became a part of the Kingdom of
Hungary,.
No British Move
(In London, Prime Minister Cham-
berlain told the House of Commons
the British government "has under
coisideraion" the summoning home
of Sir Nevile Henderson, Ambassador
to Berlin, to report on Germany's
new advance- eastward).
The Fuehrer had great power be-
hind him as he sat in troop-surround-
ed Hradcany castle in Prague work-
ing out details for administration of
the protectorate of Bohemia and
Moravia.
Through Foreign Minister Joachim
Von Ribbentrop, Hitler issued a de-
cree making the Bohemians and Mo-
ravians subject to Berlin but grant-
ing them a degree of self-manage-
ment and cultural autonomy.
Slovakian Appeal
An appeal had come to him from
Slovakia-which had declared its
independence with his backing only
last Tuesday-for his protection.
Thus he extended his sway deep
into Eastern Europe t the frontier
of Carpatho-Ukraine, which Hun-
gary announced she was annexing.
Then Hitler followed his troops out
of Prague in the direction of Brunn
116 miles southeast of the capital of
the dismembered Czecho-Slovak re-
public.
Though their fighting cause seem-
ingly was lost, Ukrainians and some
Czech troops engaged the Hungarian
army of occupation in a bitter battle
in the snows of Carpatho-Ukraine
near Chust, its capital.
Club Meets Sunday
A meeting of theqnternational Re-
lations Club will be held at 4 p.m.
Sunday in the League, Prof. Howard
B. Calderwood of the political science
department, faculty sponsor, an-
nounced yesterday.

Arts Academy
Starts Section
MeetsToday
State Educators Convene
For Two-Day Session;
Prof. Boak To Speak
The 44th annual convention of the
Michigan Academy of Science, Arts
and Letters will swing into intense
activity this morning with speeches
and symposiums in 13 fieas of aca-
demic work from anthropology to zoo-
olgy.
The convention began here yester-
day with a meeting of the Council,
and will continue today and tomorrow.
More than 490 educators and scienti-
fic investigators from the State will
be in attendance. All addresses and
section meetings are open to the pub-
lic.
Whipple To Speak
Featured on today's program will
be addresses by . Dr. George H.
Whipple, dean of the University of
Rochester School of Medicine and
Dentistry, and by Prof. A.E.R. Boak
of the history department, president
of the Academy. Dr. Whipple, guest
lecturer, will speak on "Anemia and
the Building of Hemoglobin in the
Body" at 4:15 p.m. in the Rackham
Auditorium. Professor Boak will give
his presidential address on "The Role
of Taxation in the Decline of the
Roman Empire," at the general re-
ception at 8 p.m. in the Rackham
Amphitheatre.
Sessions will begin at 8:30 a.m. and
continue until 4:15 p.m. Meeting at'
8:30 a.m. are the geology and miner-
alogg section in Room 3056, Natural
Science Building; botany, West Lec-
ture Room, Rackham Building; for-
estry, Room 2054, Natural Science
Building; geography, Room 25, Angell
Hall; language and literature, Room
231, Angell Hall; psychology, Rack-
ham Amphitheatre and zoology, Room
2116, Natural Science Building.
Anthropologists Meet
At 9:30 a.m. the anthropology sec-
tion will meet in Room 3024, Uni-
versity Museums; economics and
sociology, Room 101, Economics
Building; sanitary and medical
science, group A, Room 2051, East
Medical Building; group B, Room
1520, East Medical Building. The
section of landscape architecture
will begin at 10 a.m. in Room 305 of
the Union.
A wide variety of topics have been
listed for discussion during the day's
meetings. The problems of changing
school populations, community plan-
ning and programs to combat delin-
quency will be debated at the meeting
of the sociology section at 2:15 p.m.
in the East Lecture Room of the
Rackham Building. Speakers will be
J. F. Thaden of Michigan State Col-
lege, Elroy S. Guckert of the Flint
Institute of Research and Training
and Stuart Lottier -of the Wayne
County Recorder's Court Psycholog-
ical Clinic.
Prof. Shorey Peterson of the eco-
nomics department will speak on
"The' Present Monopoly Issue" at
the joint meeting of the sociology and
economics sections at 9:30 a.m. in
Room 101 of the Economics Building.
A discussion of United States foreign
trade policy will follow led by Ber-
(Continued on Page 3)

Lieutenant- Governor, Is

Successc

Griffin Scores
Governments'
Conserva tisr
Dean Of Business School
Calls Group Protection
A Threat To Progress
Growing conservatism in the coun-
tries of western civilization is the
greatest threat to continued ec-
onomic progress, Dean Clare B. Grif-
fin of the School of Business Ad-
ministration declared yesterday at
the Honors Convocation of Michigan
State College in East Lansing.
iiven the satisfactory functioning
of the economic system at its pres-
ent level is threatened by this ten-
dency for groups to seek protection
from the rigors of competition and
change, Dean Griffin said. "Since
the success of any government de-
pends on its ability to organize so-
ciety so as to wrest from nature the
goods by which human beings live,
the existence of democratic gov-
ernment is endangered," he ob-
served.
This danger is particularly acute
in a democracy, in the opinion of
Dean Griffin, since the government
is especially susceptible to the de-
mands of special groups in the so-
ciety.
As evidence of protective measures,
Dean Griffin listed the development
of the protective tariff, other ob-
stacles to international and inter-
state trade and recent legislation
sought by farmers, workers and em-
ployers.
To support his contention, Dean
Griffin quoted Macauley's prediction
that "the American government
could not long endure" because of
forces which tend to check the rate
of progress. Macauley, according to
Dean Griffin, forecast that "in time
it was inevitable that the majority
of the $eople, fearing the competition
of the superior minority, would place
such restrictions upon this minority
that progress would come to an end."
A few tickets for the Birthday
Broadcast are still available at
the Union desk and the alumnae
office in the League. Purchasers
are urged to come early to the'
broadcast tomorrow, as no one
will be admitted after 2:50 p.m.

Lieutenant-Governor Dickinson
Succeeds To Gubernatorial Chair

Death Comes Unexpectedly After 9 P.Mi
Oxygen Tent Used To Aid Breathin
No Hint Given Of Critical Conditio

80 Year Old Conservative
Becomes New Governor
While Ill Of Influenza
.LANSING, March 16.-(A)-Luren
D. Dickinson, 80 years old. seven times
Lieutenant Governor of Michigan,
became Governor tonight upon the
death of Frank D. Fitzgerald.
A physically frail figure, but - a
dynamo of energy, Dickinson fell heir
to a bewildering mass of administra-
tive problems, some of thene barely
launched by his predecessor.
His phyisician said he "withstood
the shock well" when he was informed
of Fitzgerald's deaht, but that he
thought it would' be wise to wait un-
til tomorrow to administer the oath.
Dickinson is recovering from an
attack of influenza, the ailment that
was a contributing factor to Fitz-
geraid's death, but he has not been
confined to his bed since Tuesday.
Dickinson is an avowed conserva-
tive, an accomplished political strat-
egist, known as a "strong man" in
the control of legislative affairs. He
is one of Michigan's outstanding
prohibitionists. He affects an almost
ministerial garb.
Once a schoolmaster, Dickinson
turned to politics inhis early man-
hood. After experimenting in local
politics, he was elected to the State
House of Representatives in 1897,
and returned in 1905 and 1907. Two
years later he was elected to the Sen-
ate, then, in 1914, as Lieutenant Gov-
ernor.
Before the new Governor lie such
problems as the fate of a labor rela-
tions bill drafted at the behest of
Fitzgerald and adopted in the House
of Representatives as Fitzgerald lay
dying; a budget millions of dollars
out of balance, determination as to
whether civil service should be re-
tained as an adjunct to state govern-
ment, all of the political problems of
the day.
He and Fitzgerald had maintained
a surface friendliness, but they were
far fgomseing eye to eye. At one time
in the 1938 campaign Dickinson pre-
pared a statementicharging Fitzger-
ad planned to "trade" him out of the
picture, and to ally himself with Leo
J. Nowicki, Dickinson's democratic
predecessor in the Lieutenant Gov-
ernor chair. Dickinson conferred with
friends of -Fitzgerald, however, and

Chief Executive Sick
With Flu, Succumb
LANSING, March 16.-(IP)-Gov. Frank D. Fitzgerald, who climaxe
career of more than a quarter of a century of service to, the State of Mi
gan by regaining the Governorship from the man who wrested it from ]
died tonight from a heart attack at his residence in Grand Ledge.
The Republican Governor, 54 years old, had been confined to bed s
Monday with influenza. His condition was complicated by the effects
pneumonia five years ago, said Dr. E. M. McCoy, his physician.
Fitzgerald, serving his second term-his two terms were separated
the administration of Frank Murphy, now United. States Attorney Gen
-was the first Michigan Govenor to die in office.
Hence Luren D. Dickinson, who will be 80 years old next month an
serving his seventh term as Lieutenant Governor, will succeed to
Governorship.
Dickinson is confined to his Charlotte home with influenza, but h
expected to receive the oath as chief executive at his residence tomorrow.
condition was not regarded as seri-1>
ous.
Like Fitzgerald, Dickinson is a Re- H ouse Adopts
publican and a farmer. The Lieuten-
ant-Governor is an ardent prohibi- - Bil
Dickinson will appoint a new Lieu-
tenant-Governor to preside over the F r lh
10.- 4 'r.i ..LT..For .-M41-Tichi -I

Governor Fitzgerald Dies Suddenb
OfHeart Attack; Luren Dickinson

FRANK D. FITZGERALD
. * *

I

LUREN DICKINSON

recalled the statement before it was
published by newspapers to which it
had been distributed.
Dickinson is a sharp-tongued dis-
ciplinarian. Short of stature; slightly
built and bespectacled, he seldom
raises his voice, but he takes pride in
his ability to control others.
He is Vice President in the Nation-
al Anti-Saloon League, and headed
the Anti-Saloon League of Michigan
for years.

Senate. Both Houses of the Legisla-
ture likely will recess tomorrow until
next week out of respect to the late
Governor.
FAitzgerald's death came shortly
after 9 p.m. An oxygen tent had been
used in an effort to enable him to
breath, His last statement was that
"I can't breathe. Let me up." The
Governor's condition was described as
unchanged only a few hours beforea
he died.
His p a s s i n g was unexpected.
Shocked Republican and Democratic
leaders joined in tribute to him. Dr.
McCoy and consulting physicians had;
ordered Fitzgerald to take . "com-
plete rest," but there had been no
hint that his condition was critical.
Fitzgerald's death came just 75 days
after the greatest triumph of his long
career in Michigan Government, his
return to the Gubernatorial chair'
whence he had been ousted two years
before by the Democratic. leader,
Frank Murphy.
The, demands of State Government
and of his party members, out of
power for those two years, were
known to have taxed the Governor's
strength materially from the day he
took office. He worked long hours at
his desk in the State Capitol, investi-
gating State problems and meeting
hordes of visitors. He often com-
plained they left him no time to per-
form his executive duties.



Fitzgerald's Career Was Characterized
BySteady Rise To Political Prommence

ai
G.O.P. Kills Democratic
Opposition To Measure
After A Bitter Session
LANSING, March 16. -(P)- The
House of Representatives adopted the
Republican administration's far-
reaching Industrial Relations Bill to-
night in a session marked by a bitter
debate.
The G.O.P. majority smothered
Democratic opposition 58 to 37, de-
spite the defection of 11 of its num-
ber, and ordered that the measure
become effective as soon as its en-
actment has been completed. The bill
now goes to the Senate.
The measure would create a labor
relations board armed with author-
ity to crush by its own word strikes
it believed "unjustified," and witfi
similar power to compel an employ-
er to cease unfair practices against
labor unions. It was amended to ex-
empt industries in interstate com-
merce, which are covered in the Fed-
eral Wagner Act.
The Democrats, led by Floor Lead-
er Jbseph C. Murphy of Detroit,
sought to strike out the entire bill
with a single amendment and sub-
stitute a copy of the New York "Little
Wagner Act." The move was swamped
in a vote that adhered strictly to
party lines, 26 ayes to 66 nays.
Under the bill strikes could be
called only by majority vote, and
would be effective only after 15 days'
notice to the labor relations board,
the "cooling off" period to which labor
unions objected. It would grant minor-
ity unions in a plant representation
in any collective' bargaining commit-
tee, but would not permit a minority
union to call a strike of its members
unless a majority of all the affected
workers concurred in the vote.
It carries stringent provisions regu-
lating picketing and prohibiting boy-
'cotts, outlaws the use of pickets of
placards derogatory to employers and
would do away with the practice of
some labor unions of advertising in
the 1ewspapers lists of employeri
whom they classify as "unfair to or-
ganized labor."
Sponsors of the measure affirmed
that while the measure forbids the
labor relations board to recognize a
company union, nothing in the bil
would prohibit the formation 0
company unions.

Co-Operative lovement Called
Democratic Mean By Florence

By CARL PETERSEN
As a democratic movement strik-I
ing a balance between collectivism
and individual freedom, the coopera-
tive movement in Great Britain to-1
day is facing, along with political;
democracy, the severest test, of its
century-long history, Prof. P. Sar-
gant Florence of the University of,
Birmingham, England, declared in a'
University lecture yesterday.
Although the cooperative move-
ment demonstrates the ?ideal rela-
tionship between labor, the congum-
er, and the supplier of capital, sev-
eral basic faults in its operation will
have to be remedied before it can
hope to be as successful in the fu-
ture as it has been in the past, he
declared.
It can safely be predicted, Profes-
sor Florence emphasized, that if these
faults are remedied, the cooperative
system in England can, in the next
half century, gain control of more
than 50 per cent of the retail trade
of the country and may even dis-
place capitalist retail trade com-
pletely. It controls today about 10
per cent of the retail trade and has
an annual trade mounting to $1,-
250,000,000.

talistic system, he pointed out, the
main one of which is found in the
payment of dividends on capital in-
vested. Each member of the coopera-
tive invests a certain amount in his
society. Whatever surplus is made
is paid back to the members of the
society in proportion to the amount
of purchases they have made. Those
who invest in the society, get back a
set rate of interest of three and one-
half per cent. Thus the cooperative
does not sell for the benefit of a
capitalist class but for the benefit of
the consumers who are its members.
Further, the management of the
cooperative is democratically elected.
Each member of the society, despite
the amount he has invested in it, has
only one vote in choosing its officers.
All meetings of cooperative societies
are, Professor Florence said, charac-
terized by lively discussion and by a
sensitiveness on the part of the man-
agers to the will of the members.
A criticism has often been levied
against the cooperative system that it
makes no provision for the worker
and that in regard to treatment of
labor it is no more satisfactory than
the capitalistic system. The investi-
gation which Professor Florence car-

(By Associated Press)
Frank D. Fitzgerald was the first
Michigan Governor to be returned to
office after once being defeated 'for
reelection.
He first was elected Governor in
1934, climaxing a 22-year climb from
an humble clerkship in the State
government to the highest position
in the state. On the way up, he had
served as manager of the State High-
way Department and, for two terms,
as Secretary of State. He probably
knew more about the practical prob-
lems of state government than any
iflier person in Michigan.
Governor Fitzgerald was defeated
for reelection by Frank Murphy in
the second Roosevelt landslide of
1936. He had the consolation of
leading the national ticket by 250,000
votes.
Returned To Office
He was returned to office in 1938
after a spectacular campaign which
drew national attention because la-
bor strikes constituted the paramount
issue and because of the unequivocal
endorsement given to Governor Mur-
phy by President Roosevelt.
Governor Fitzgerald interpreted his
election as "a mandate from the
people for orderly and peaceful gov-
ernment."
Michigan had been beset by strikes
from the outset of the Murphy Ad-

ment of a permanent labor relations
board and of temporary mediation
boards to settle stubborn strikes. The
bill, passed Thursday by the House,
and now awaiting Senate action, was
unpopular with labor organizations.
Governor Fitzgerald won acclaim
during his first administration by
balancing the State budget. That
achievement, rare during the depres-
sion, caused him to be mentioned for
the Republican Presidential nomina-
tion in 1936, although his name was
not presented at the National Con-
vention.
Second Administration Stormy
His second acministration got
away to a stormy start and annoy-
ance over criticis m which he con-
sidered unjustified probably con-
tributed to an illness which sent him
to bed two months and a half after.
his inauguration, suffering from in-
fluenza and a heart condition.
Nearly a quarter of a century in the
State's service gave him an intimate
knowledge of State government un-
surpassed in Michigan. It also gave
him full opportunity to exercise his
remarkable faculty for making and
retaining friends.
That faculty served him well dur-
ing the two years that followed his
defeat for reelection as Governor, as
he went quietly about the job of re-

Senate and the Department of State
at $600 a year,\ came in 1913. In
1915 and 1916, he was a proofreader
in the House of Representatives. In
1917 and 1918, he was bill clerk in the
House of Representatives and Execu-
tive Secretary of the war-time Fed-
eral Food Administration for Michi-
gan. In 1919 and 1920, he was Dep-
uty Secretary of State.
Then came a brief interlude in
private life as manager of an automo-
bile agency in Memphis, Tenn.
Fitzgerald returned to Michigan in
1923 as manager of the State High-
way Department, under appointment
by Gov. Alex J. Groesbeck. He held
that position until he became Secre-
tary of State in 1931.
He was reelected in 1933, the only
Republican survivor in Lansing of the
Democratic landslide. That made
him, inevitably, the standard bearer
of his party in 1934.
Two years later, in a Presidential
year, he lost to Murphy by fewer
than 50,000 votes, 892,774' to 843,855.
Turns Tables On Murphy
In 1938, Fitzgerald turned the
tables on Governor Murphy and de-
feated him by 93,000 votes, 847,245 to
753,752. The election also gave Re-
publicans control of the legislature
and all but one of the major State
offices, but it was not to usher in an

Hillel Group's'
'11osital Hill'
Opens Todaty
Hillel Players' major production for
the year, "Hospital Hill," by Harold
Gast, '39, and H. S. H. Dann, opens
at 8:15 p.m. today in the Lydia Men-
delssohn Theatre. It will be given
at the same time tomorrow.
An appraisal of the play was given
by Prof. Kenneth T. Rowe of the
English department in an interview
yesterday. "The most significant,
thing I know to say about "Hospital'
Hill," he said, "is the way I reacted'
on the first reading. I found the
play exciting; it gripped me from
beginning to end so that I couldn't
lay it down."
"My first reading of a student's
play," .he continued, "is intention-
ally uncritical. I submit myself to
the play and let it do what it can to
me, in order to get the dramatic
basis from which to work if revision
is needed, and to judge the probable
relation of the play to the audience.
"Hospital Hill" taken that way was
absorbing and dramatically vigorous
in the first script written by Mr. Gast

}
1
.:
S
S'

Legislature May Adjou
For Governor's Fune
LANSING, March 16.---(A)-S
er of the House of Represente
Howard Nugent, of Bad Axe,