The Weather
Snow in north, rain or snow
in south today; tomorrow partly
cloudy.

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Aklt igan

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Editoriab
Tammany Is
Still Hanging Around
Railroad Fares...

VOL. XLVIII. No. 86 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JAN. 21, 1938

PRICE FIVE CENTS

FrenchCabinet
Unites Defense
UnderDaladier
Coordination Of Military
Thought To Be Solution
Of Tactical Difficulties
Move On The Eve
Of Confidence Vote
PARIS. Jan. 20.-(P)-Premier Ca-
mille Chautemps' new cabinet tonight
voted to coordinate all of France's
'military, naval and air forces under
Edouard Daladier, Minister of Na-
tional Defense.
On the eve of their first test in
the Chamber of Deputies the Minis-
ters took the action to unify the
nation's defense preparations and the
solution of tactical problems.
A decree, it was said, would be
promulgated shortly to put the almost
unprecedented program into effect.
Gamelin To Head Staff
General Marie Gamelin, chief of
the army general staff, will be named
chief of the general staff of national
defense, embracing all three services,
under the decree.
Navy Minister William Bertrand
and Air Minister Guy Lachambre will
retain their portfolios, but will be
subject to the supervision of Daladier
who also is war minister now.
A similar' system was institted
under the premiership of Andre Tar-
dieu in 1932, but was abandoned
when his cabinet fell. In that case,
however, there was only one min-
istry-national defense.
Daladier To Coordinate Plan
Daladier will be called* upon to
coordinate the armaments programs
of the government's three armed
branches. He will fix the priority
in which their armaments orders are
to be manufactured and delivered.
Though each ministry will continue
to draw up its own plans separately,
they will be adopted, it was said, only
by a committee headed by the na-
tional defense and war minister.
The Chamber of Deputies, its bit-
ter rivalries quieted after a five-day
cabinet crisis, offered Chautemps'
government assurance of a strong
vote of confidence.
Book Exchange
PlanProjectedj
Baltimore Lunch To Be
Site Of New Concern
Plans for a Student Book Exchange,
aimed at creating a medium through
...L.;n~ ~ ~ ~~d tra~ noclt ~l1777f

Prof. Handman Denies Econoi r
Causes Move Nations To Wars

A I)clttmfeltt AjI) I)lliW

Says Power And Prestige
Are Reasons Countries
seek ColonialHoldings
By BEN MARINO
There is no evidence that a state
engages in war from economic mo-
tives, Prof. Max Handman of the
economics department told the Ameri-
can Sociological Society, in its At-
lantic City convention, recently.
Nor is there much evidence to sup-
port the supposition that a nation
will be used by its rich men to obtain
economic power, he said, at the cost
of the country's blood and money. A
state that has obtained natural re-
sources through the consequences of
r a successful war may turn them over
to private individuals for exploita-
tion, he admitted, but there is no
proof that they were acquired for that
purpose.
Prestige and power are the life pur-
pose of the state, Professor Handman
observed, and since only the state
carries on war, it will wage war with
the aim of gaining those things which
will bring power.
Because in the Western World
Tittle Business'
Will Be Heard,
At White House
Numerous Letters Cause
Roosevelt To Summon
Small Business Owners
WASHINGTON, Jan. 20.-(M)-
Small business men, at their own in-
sistence, are soon to participate in
President Roosevelt's sei*es of con-
ferences on economic problems.
White House aides announced their
inclusion today, explaining that hun-
dreds of letters had been received
asking for such action and pointing
out that thus far, Mr. Roosevelt has
consulted only the ranking officials
of big business.
Consequently, the President's as-
sistants said, Mr. Roosevelt issued in
structions that smaller corporation;
officials should be selected at ran-
dom from the letters received and in-
vited to the White House.
The announcement came as the
President worked on toward the
establishment ofa council to guide
him in the formulation of policies, a
group which Mr. Roosevelt said should C
include both big and little business,
as well as representatives of labor, ag-
riculture, transportation, distribution,
investors and consumers.
Officials said the organization of
such a council was distinct from the
President's plans for meetings of the
leaders of a single industry. The pur-
pose of the latter conferences would
be to estimate, with Government as-

there has been a change in standards
of national power and prestige, he re-
marked, and that today nations judge
their position in the internationall
sun in terms of the possession of ec-
onomic symbols,tnationssengage in
war merely to attain these symbols of
economic power. The modern state,
he continued, feels impelled to ac-
quire colonies which are symbols of
national greatness and not sources
of economic gain.
It is of no importance that these
colonies are pure losses, he asserted,
because they were acquired not for
economic gain but for political en-
grandisement and the satisfaction of
the power urge on the part of the
state.
A resort to economic explanations
as motivations for war, he exposed,
gives a plausibility to the warlike im-
pulses of the state and justifies it in
a manner satisfactory to modern cul-
ture. Our moral standards have
created the dilemma that the state
must not indulge in war and conquest
while at the same time, he stated is
made great only by war and conquest.
Hence, the state welcomes an econ-
omic justification for its actions and
pursues its urge for power and pres-
tige.
The truth of the matter is, Profes-
sor Handman emphasized, that by
making war due to economic causes,
one is giving war a more compelling
causation and a more reasonable mo-
tivation than would otherwise be the
case. If wars are due to need for'
raw materials, he predicted, then war
will never stop. War is made in-
evitable by being made economic, un-
less we learn to distinguish between'
economic motives and economic sym-
bols.
A belief in the economic causes of
war, he concluded, is the greatest ob-
stacle to any intelligent and effective
control of war and the abdication of
human reason in favor of blind and
inescapable animal forces.
Frigid Weather
Hampers Both
OrientalArmies
Chinese Report Stalemate
Of The Japanese Attack
Upon Strategic Suchow
SHANGHAI, Jan. 21.-(Friday)-
(M)-Chinese military circles reported
today the Japanese drive on strategic
Suchow had been stalemated by the
bitter cold of the central China front.
Snow and sleet hindered operations
on the southern borders of Shantung
province as well as in the Yangtze
River Valley, 250 miles to the south,
where Chinese were counterattacking
Wuhu with some success.
One Japanese column slowly fought
its way northward 55 miles from Nan-
king to Mingkwang, while another,
moving south to meet it, was forced
to halt at Tenghsien. The two armies
were 170 miles apart with a reorgan-
ized Chinese army estimated at 400,-
000 men between them.'

Board To Vote
On Daily Plan
For A Weekly
Proposed Daily Venture
To Get Support Of Local
English Journal Group

I

f~'laoIr

Seek.

STANLEY REED

Reed's Position
On High Court
Is Felt Assured
A Senate Sub-Committee
Approves Nomination Of
U. S. Solicitor General
WASHINGTON, Jan. 20.-(R')-A
Senate Committee quickly approved
Stanley Reed's nomination for the
Supreme Court today, virtually as-
suring him the right to take his seat
early next week.
The Senate group, a subcommittee
of the Judiciary Committee, held a
brief hearing that was little more'
than a formality. Then, without dis-
cussion, it voted unanimous approval.
The full Judiciary Committee will
consider the nomination Monday,
and members predicted final Senate
confirmation Tuesday.
Today's hearing, entirely devoid of
excitement, drew praise of Reed, now
solicitor general, from Attorney Gen-
eral Cummings and Chairman Logan
(Dem., Ky.) of the subcommittee.
Reed wasdpresent, but committee
members said they did not wish to ask
him any questionp.
Cummings outlined Reed's legal
career-its beginning in Kentucky in
1910 and its progress through Reed's
positions as counsel for the Federal
Farm Board and the F.F.C.
Cummings told the Committee he
had "the highest respect for Mr.
Reed's personal character and integ-
rity" and that the Kentuckian's nom-

Post As Editor
The Board in Control of Student
Publications will decide at a special
meeting today whether the Daily shall
! print a supplement to the regular
Sunday edition as a general campus
magazine, it was announced yesterday.
In the petition submitted by Ed-
wadr Magdol, '39, to the Board, per-
mission is sought to revive the Daily's
Sunday magazine section of 1922 to
1925 on a "model of the combined
New York Times Magazine and
'Books.'"
Elaborating on plans announced in
yesterday's Daily that the English
Journal Club would sponsor a sur-
vey to determine whether the cam-
pus needs a literary magazine, Gio-
vanni Giovannini of the English de-
partment and one of the committee
appointed for the investigating said
that the proposal was a formal one
made by Herbert Weisinger, Grad.,
recognizing the lack of a suitable lit-
erary medium and added:
Will Not Compete
"The English Journal Club has nol
intention of competing with any other
tgroupon campus. Our only purpose
is to see whether there is room for a
publication on the order of the old
Contemporary."
He made it clear that even if the
committee finds a place for such a
magazine, the club would not publish
it but would support the action of
any group that did, indicating that
the Daily would get this backing if
permission were given it to print the
supplement.
Magdol, who also seeks the editor-
ship in the petition, said yesterday
that if the plan is adopted, he would
welcome the cooperation of the Eng-
lish Journal Club and all others on
the campus with literary ability.
Campus Needs Periodical
"From recent contacs with faculty
member.," he said, "I have been con-
vinced that the Michigan campus
needs a new periodical."
Publicationnof the supplement'
Publiatin i

Foo' Conducts
High Revelries
Here Tonight
Foo, the Men's Dorm Committee
dance to raise money for the Dormi-
tory Fund, will be held from 9 p.m.
until 1 a.m. today in the main ball-
room of the Union, with the bands of
Charlie Zwick and Bob Steinle fur-
nishing music for continuous danc-
ing.
Foo committee members recently
announced that costumes will not be
required for the affair, although those
wishing to wear them may. Judging
of the best costumes will take place
during the evening, and prizes will
be awarded. Saffell and Bush Co. and
Van Boven Co. are donating the
money for the prizes.
Receipts from the dance will go to
the Dormitory Fund, which is being
built up to aid new men's dormitories.
Tickets, priced at one dollar a
couple, have been on sale for the past
week at the Union, the League, and
by members of campus honorary so-
cieties. Advance sales seem to indi-
cate there will be a good crowd at
the ball.
Two thousand balloons will be re-
leased during the dance, and ginger
ale will be sold on the floor.
Bruce Telfer, '38, is chairman of
the committee planning Foo. Other
committee members include: tickets,
Fred Columbo, '38, Goff Smith, '38,
Bob Williams, '38; decorations, John
McFate, '38, Fred Martin, '38, Joe
Rinaldi, '38, Don Belden, 38E; ar-
rangements, Hugh Rader, '38, Fred-
erick Geib, '38F&C, Bud Lundahl, '38;
and publicity, Doug Farmer, '38, Earle'
Luby, '38 and Jack Thom, '38.
Franco Bombers
Rake Port Cities
With Destruction
300 Slain In Barcelona
After Two Consecutive
Days Of Aerial Attacks
PERPIGNAN,;France (At the Span-
ish Frontier), Jan. 20.--(P)-Huge In-
surgent bombers from nearby Medi.-
terranean Island bases today struck
again with death and terror at the
large Spanish government seaport
cities of Barcelona, Valencia and Tar-
ragona.
Reports reaching the frontier said
Barcelona alone suffered 300 killed
and 600 wounded in the two consec-
utive days of air raids. Wounded
lay dying in the streets. Gaping
holes were torn in large buildings.
The raiders scored a direct hit on
the British freighter Thorpeness, ly-
ing in port at Tarragona, killing at
least two members of the crew. Five
of the freighter's crew were reported
missing and seven wounded.
Damage to Barcelona and Valen-
cia-which were still searching among
their ruins for victims of yesterday's
raids-was much less severe today.
The persistent attacks were a grim
reminder of Insurgent Generalissimo
Francisco Franco's attempt to block-
ade government ports which led Tues-
day to the capture of the American
tanker, Nantucket Chief, en route to
Barcelona with a cargo of Russian
oil.
The bombing today of the three
ports and of Figueras, 12 miles south
of the French border, were seen as a
part of a coordinated plan to spread
terror from the air before a large
scale land attack on Government
strongholds.

Uncover Bomb
Plot Directed
At Japanese
Ship In Seattle
Frightened Workers Flee
Warves As Police Sek
Planted High Explosives
Liner Put Offshore
As Safety Measure
SEATTLE, Jan. 20.--(P)-A labor-
pr's story of a bomb plot against the
Japanese liner Hiye Maru caused
hasty removal of the ship from the
Seattle waterfront today and police
Searched for planted explosives after
finding the floating body of an as-
3erted consiprator.
Excited, screaming workers fled
from the wharf as police spread the
warning and the 11,621-ton vessel was
moved 300 feet offshore.
Police Captain Marshall C. Scraf-
Ford said a man giving the name of
3eorge Partridge, 22, related that a
friend had offered him $1,000 to help
plant a bomb aboard the ship.
Oriental Nation Named
Partridge was quoted as saying
"some oriental government" hired the
other man to plant the bomb.
Scrafford reported Partridge also
related that he helped the friend wire
a clock for a time bomb and then
aided him in attempting to float it
to the ship late last night.
The informant assertedly told po-
lice he and his companion took the
bomb in a suitcase to the water's
"dge under the wharf; that the friend
disrobed, put the suitcase on a rail-
road tie and started out to swim to
the ship's side, pushing the tie as he
went.
Partridge said he never saw his
companion alive again.
Six hours after partridge was
picked up by a railroad detective, a
Japanese seaman sighted the body of
a man floating near the ship. The
body was nude except for a life-
jacket.
Partridge Identifies Body
Officers said later Partridge identi-
fled the body as that of his friend, a
35-year old Vancouver, B.C., school
teacher. There was no identifying
mark on the life-jacket.
Partridge, who described himself
as a laborer from Vancouver, said the
other man had given him $35 last
week in Vancouver.
Scrafford expressed the belief that
the bomb, if any, had toppled off the
railroad tie and sunk to the bay
bottom.
The police found clothing, appar-
ently that of the man in the water,
under the wharf. Officers said the
pockets were full of wire and electri-
cian's tape.
Farouk Weds;
Bride Watches
All Male Cast
CAIRO, Jan. 20.-(A')-King Fa-
rouk's childhood sweetheart looked
on today while the 17-year-old ruler
made her his bride and Egypt's sec-
ond queen since Cleopatra.
Pretty Farida Zulficar, modern, 16-
year-old daughter of a commoner,
watched her own wedding through a
lattice work partition at ancient
Koubbeh Palace. She and Egypt's
boy king were married in the ortho-
dox Moslem fashion-a wedding in

which only men took part. Y
Tonight Farouk promised to take
his dark-eyed bride on an incognito
tour through the city where their
wedding was being celebrated with
glittering oriental pageantry.
Bedouin horsemen galloped about,
firing rifles into the ; sky; drums
throbbed; bullocks were slaughtered
for the poor; wine flowed and there
was dancing in the streets.
Automobiles laden with $200,000
worth of roses flown from the Nether-
lands drove around the Palace
grounds while Farouk watched from
a. balcony.
N o Damages For
'Guest Passengers'
ST. JOSEPH, Mich., Jan. 20.--(P)-
A "guest passenger" in an automo-
bile is not entitled to damages from
the driver if an accident occurs and
he is injured, Circuit Judge Fremont
Evans ruled today.

ination "gives
gratification"

me

Faller B
Anti-L yn
'Bill IsA

great personal Vuia Degin wi h the nirstb unday
edition of the Daily next semester
and would be printed in tabloid size.
The junior staff of the Daily and
] eight Hopwood Prize winners have al-
?&ieves ready given their support to the plan.
"The Journal Club," Charles A.
ching Peake of the English department and
another committee member explained,
* "is composed of graduate students in-
bo rttve terested in the problems of teaching
English and has no publication." The
G Club's committee will meet today to
GARN map plans for its survey.

By HAROLD

which students can sell ana uu ytext sistance, prospective demand for
books at prices lower than those goods, so that production and em-
charged by commercial book stores, ployment might be stabilized.
are being formulated by Meyer Gold- In the latter category, apparently,
berg, Grad. and Allen Braun, '38, it falls a meeting scheduled for tomor-
was announced yesterday. row, to which Mr. Roosevelt has in-
Space has been rented in the Balti- vited the 'heads of the great automo-
more Daily Lunch across the street bile manufacturing companies and
from Angell Hall, and books will be officials of their affiliates which fi-
received starting Feb. 7, they said, to nance installment purchases of au-
give the students wishing to sell the tomobiles.
longest possible use of their books. However, it was considered doubt-
The book exchange idea was in- ful that on this occasion the discus-
spired by a plan, Goldberg reported, sion would reach demand and pro-
tlnder which the student desiring to duction. The President has said he
place books for sale would bring the is anxious for changes in marketing
volume to the exchange setting his practices to diminish what he calls
own price on it. This price being less high-pressure salesmanship.
than that quoted by the local book- During the day, the Senate Unem-
stores would attract a ready market,: ployment Committee, which has been
while the buying student would also j investigating the cause and extent of
benefit by the reduced rates. the present depression received an en-
A fee of not more than 15 per cent couraging word from Colby M. Ches-
of the quoted price would be charged ter, chairman of the National Asso-
bytetbookexchange, trheydcon- ciation of Manufacturers and chair-
tinued, to defray the overhead en- man of General Foods Corp.
tailed in maintaining the establish-
ment. However, he emphasized. the e
success of the venture will depend en- Uncomn1r Xam
tirely upon the cooperation evinced by'
the University students, as the move- Ao inst E
ment will be in the general sense of a
cooperative book exchange.

Lynching in the South is a problem -
that cannot be handled alone by leg-
islation, such as the Anti-Lynching Prof.
Bill, but one that entails the coopera-I
tion of Southern leaders in disciplin- Uni

Wisler Gets
on Finance Pfst

:I

Snow and sleet blanketed the Yang- mg the poor Whites in their untoward
tze Valley. Blizzards grounded the violence against the Negroes,iProf. Prof. Chester 0. Wisler of the hy-
Japanese air force. Richard C. Fuller of the sociolo draulic engineering department has
Sixty miles southwest of conquered department said yesterday. been appointed new financial secre-
Nanking, the Chinese reported their To "strong arm" the South through tary of the Union, succeeding Prof.
attack on Wuhu was continuing al- legislation would merely create racial Paul Leidy of the Law School who re-
though slowed up by the frigid wea- animosities that might lead to con- cently resigned, it was announced yes-
ther. ditions similar to those following the terday.
The Chinese held dominant posi- Civil War when the Carpet Baggers Professor Leidy was appointed to
tions, five miles from the city. The held sway, he believes. Southerners the position in the school year 1932-
Japanese capture of Wuhu was the on the whole, are sincere and well 33, and served continuously until he
lever that forced Chinese evacuation meaning in trying to prevent lynch- 33,ignd s onti.l
ings, but relying on law alone would r esigned last month.
of Nanking. not, hst e ing to the coed Professor Wisler will assume his
Paul V. McNutt, United States High not, he stated, be going to the core of
Commissioner for the Philippines, vis- the problem.. .ui .
ited Shanghai for an "exchange of The lynching problem is mainly oneI
views" with Admiral Harry E. Yarnell, between the low-caste White and the Sta eA dsI(r
commander of the Asiatic Fleet. He Negro, Professor Fuller explaine State Aids In Tra
was shown over the devastated areas adding that they are constantlynvie-, For
of the city.areas ing against each other for work and
for a better place in society. As a re-
-r _ -_ sult of these close relationships nu--______

ining Students
ce, Benson Claims

}


S Bring Warning ;
ve Strain Of Eyes,
./

merous lynchings occur. By WILLIAM J. ELVIN
Southern political and business The recently announced plan to se-
leaders oppose the Anti-Lynching Bill l
on the alleged basis that it is un- 3lect outstanding senior students at
warranted interference of a local I the University of Wisconsin and give
problem, he said. They argue that them opportunity to train themselves
they have been solving the problem for "career" jobs in the state public
gradually and point out that . only service is already in effect in the
eight lynchings occurred last year. Michigan Civil Service department,

Van Wagoner Hits
Federal Road Thriftj
CLEVELAND, Jan. 20.-UAP)-State'
Highway Commissioner Murray D.
Van Wagoner of Michigan, newly
elected president of the American
Road Builders Association, told the
organization's annual convention to-
day that President Roosevelt's pro-
posed economies in Federal road aid
would bring about "a shameful diver-
sion of highway taxes."
"In this crisis," he declared, 'it is

By CARL PETERSEN should be rested at least each half
Protection of the eyes from general hour by closing them for a momenti
fatigue and strain resulting from in- or by looking away from the page.
tensive studyingfor examinations wasI
urged by Dr. Emory W. Sink, opthal- If the strain becomes too noticeable,
mologist at the Health Service, who Dr. Sink said, and it is necessary to
stressed incorrect placement of lights continue studying, bathing the eyes
as the primary cause of eye strain, in a boric acid solution will bring
Dr. Sink emphasized that more at- I
tention should be paid to how the "Even normal eyes suffer from
lights are arranged than to the in- strain under unsuitable conditions,"
tensity of the light. Gooseneck desk he said, pointing out that although,
lamps and drop lights are principally the student can see well, he may,
responsible for strain resulting from when studying, have to compensate
reflection of light from the printed for some latent error, such as far-
page to the eyes, he said. sightedness, by tightening up the fo-
The prevalence of this cause of eye cusing muscles of the eye. This tight-
_. .,,n,,+ .. nino, will result in ffaio-,,P andl strain

They resist the bill on the states!
rights argument; consequently, if gov-
ernment comes in and regulates their
private affairs, it will reduce the ef-
fectiveness of solving their own prob-
lems, they believe. The Southerners
also argue that the Northerner doesn't
understand their problems and theyS
feel, Professor Fuller explained, that
they know and understand the Negro
(Continued on Page 6)
Currency Head May Seek

Prof. George C. S. Benson of the po-
litical science department said yester-
day.
Similar arrangements have been
made, he said, between the Californiai
state governments and the Los An-I
geles county government and various
universities in that state.
'All these joint enterprises," he
said, "are indications that our state
governments are at last beginning
to realize the unwisdom of support-
ing high grade institutions of higher
1 Pnrn ,.,, I to n r~ rl nni.avPa ,.r ~nnf, fnr

for passing subsequent Civil Service
examinations.
Frequently, he said, high grade stu-
dents who might be interested in gov-
ernment service are lost because Civil
Service qualifications demand a year
or so experience. By the time that
experience is obtained, he continued,
the student often has secured prom-
ising opportunities in business, and
prefers one of these to starting at the
bottom in government.
Seniors at the University will prob-
ably have an opportunity this summer
to take an examination for Student
Personnel Assistant for the Civil Serv-
ice Commission, Professor Benson
said, which will give them, he pre-
dicted, opportunities paralleling or
exceeding those under the Wisconsin
plan. "It is to be hoped," he said,
"that similar opportunities will be de-
veloped in the future."

i