THE MICHIGAN DAILY MICHIGAN DAILY N" j -z. W. -r PI Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Published every morning rtxcept Monday during the University year and Summer Session. Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise. credited in this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other matters herein also reserved._ Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second class mail matter. Subscriptions during regular school year by carrier, $400; by mail, $4.50. Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1937-38 REPRESENTED POR NATIONAL ADVERTIGINO mY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publishers Regrese tative 420 MAvisoN Avg.. EW YORK. N. Y. CNiCAGO - BOSTON - LOS ANGELES- SAN FRANCIVCO Board of Editors Managing Editor Editorial Director City Editor . Associate Editor. Associate Editor Associate Editor. Associate Editor Associate Editor Associate Editor Book Editor Women's Editor. Sports Editor . . . . . Robert D. Mitchell Albert P. Mayio . . . . Horace W. Gilmore . . . . Robert I. Fitzhenry . . . . . Saul R. Kleiman ..... ..Robert Perlman William Elvin . . . . . Joseph Freedman . . Earl Gilman .' .Joseph Gies .Dorothea Staebler . . . . . Bud Benjamin Business Department Business Manager . . . . Philip W. Buchen Credit Manager . . . Leonard P. Siegelman Advertising Manager . . William L. Newnan Women's Business Manager . . Helen Jean Dean Women,'s Service Manager . . Marian A. Baxter NIGHT EDITOR: EiLIOTT MARANISS The editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of the Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. It is important for society to avoid the neglect of adults, but positively dangerous for it to thwart the ambition of youth to reform the world. Only the schools which act on this belief are educational institu- tions in the best meaning of the term. -Alexander G. Ruthven. Guerilla Warfare A La Chinese... CHINESE STUDENTS on campus be- lieve that their country will beat the Japanese and drive them out of China-even- tually, if not now. Their reason calls to mind one of Robert L. Ripley's observations: "If all the Chinese in the world were to march four abreast past a given point, they would never stop marching, believe it or not." The idea, of course, is that in such a vast number of Chinese, enough are being born all the time to keep the line marching past. That may be stretching the point a bit, per- haps, but it serves to illustrate the tremendous. manpower of China. Even though the Chinese lose two men to the enemy's one, the advantage will still be theirs. And many students of the problems feel that if the Chinese armies are driven back from the great central plain of China, back to the beginning of the gorges, that advantage will be strength- ened. Modern fighting machines and large armies are not suited to warfare in the gorges of China's great rivers. Hand-to-hand fighting will prevail, and China's numbers will tell on the weakened Japanese forces. Harry L. Sonneborn. Pennsylvania's Primary And The Labor Split . . HE RESULTS of the Pennsylvania Democratic primary have been hailed by the conservative press as a heavy blow to New Deal. prestige and the signal for a turn in the political tide away from the liberal trend of the past few years. Turner Catledge in the New York Times subtly editorialized from Washington Thursday that "the outcome of yesterday's pri- mary . . . was widely interpreted in Washington today as the most important political develop- ment since the beginning of the Democratic ground swell in 1930." There are strong reasons for believing that Mr. Catledge's Capital observers overstated the case. The issues were not clearly drawn in Pennsylvania because of the backgrounds of the various candidates, ,and certainly nothing like the atmosphere of the Florida primary of two weeks ago, in which Senator Pepper scored a decisive victory almost strictly on the issue of his support of the New Deal, prevailed. Governor Earle, successful candidate for the senatorial nomination, has a good record as a liberal gov- ernor and a large personal following; while his opponent, Mayor Wilson of Philadelphia, was only given lukewarm support by labor, in spite of his endorsement by the United Mine Workers, because of his negative record in labor disputes. It is safe to say that few if any of Governor Earle's constituents voted for him for any rea- p.,. nr~a a hta 'Vawr 1a actually more in the nature of votes against Mr. Kennedy. Mr. Jones' victory, it is worth noting, was by a much smaller margin than that of Governor Earle, his running mate, doubtless because the mine workers backed their union officer more solidly than Mayor Wilson. The ballots against Kennedy probably came in varying numbers for three reasons: first, his U.M.W. affliliation; second, the usual opposition of the press to a labor candidate; and third, his Cath- olicism. The A.F.L. opposed Kennedy on the first-. named grounds, following its regular if incom- prehensible policy of preferring a conservative candidate to a progressive with rival affiliation. The primary furnished new proof that labor can make no important advances in the political field until its internal split is healed. The heavy turnout for the Republican as well as the Democratic primary indicates a sharply fought contest in the fall. It remains to be seen to how great an extent the New Deal will be made the issue in the election. At least the religious and labor-faction issues will be definite- ly sidetracked, which should contribute some- thing toward a rational basis for the campaign. Joseph S. Gies. Government In South AfriCa ... (EDITOR'S NOTE: We publish below two docu- ments, an editorial in the Manchester Guardian and a letter to the editor of that newspaper con- cerning the present condition of the native popula- tion in the Union of South Africa and in the Protectorate of the British Government in South Africa over which the Union Government has not had but now seeks jurisdiction. In the present Union-composed of the Cape, Natal. Orange Free State. and Transvaal Provinces-there are 7,500,- 000 natives and 2,00,000 Europeans, and it ha been claimed that the latter maintain the former in conditions of peonage and quasi-slavery. In the British Protectorates, geographically within the territory of the Union but politically independent of it and ruled from London, there are nearly one million natives and less than five thousand Euro- peans.) Editorial WITH THE APPROACH of a general election in the Union of South Africa it is natural that the Union Government should hope to put the coping-stone on the native policy that has been passed in the present Union Parliament by envisaging clearly the day when the British native Protectorates within the area of the Union shall pass under its control. It is natural, but it is unfortunate, for much remains to be done be- fore that date can be fixed. For one thing, the word of Britain has been pledged by successive governments that there will be no change in the status of the Protectorates without the consent of their inhabitants, and of that consent there is no sign. It is sometimes urged in the Union that Britain for her part is doing little or nothing to induce in the Protectorate natives a trustful- ness in the Union rule. But, as the principal of the Tiger Kloof Native Institution points out (ED. Note: In a letter printed below), no persua- sion by Britain could in the meantime overcome the prejudice aroused in the native mind by recent native laws passed in the Union. The Hertzog Government's policy, viewed as a whole, aims no doubt at a benevolent plan of segregation in which the native, except indeed insofar as his labor is needed, will develop in his own com- munities with a sufficiency of land to sustain -him with his own representation on native councils. Unfortunately, it is not the construc- tive but the repressive side of that legislation that is at present most prominent and that has filled with mistrust the natives outside the Union which it hoped to bring in. They have seen their fellows in South Africa precluded by a Color Bar from taking part in skilled or semi-skilled labor, prevented by pass laws from being out after ten p.m. or traveling without permission, stripped of their vote in the only Province (the Cape) where they had it, de- barred by. a Native Land Act from acquiring land in their own right, and finally by the Native Laws Amendment Act made liable to be ejected from the towns if their labors are not required and to be compelled to go to the reserves or work on European farms irrespective of their desire or suitability for such a fate. It is true that on the constructive side there must be the intention to acquire fifteen million acres (out of the two hundred sixty million now in white possession) for native settlement and also the experiment in Native Representative Councils whose views are to be taken into account on native questions that come before the Union Parliament. But the first of these measures is gravely in- adequate if segregation is not to spell hardship, and the second replaces a direct Parliamentary vote which was greatly valued with a vote for a body that will be no more than advisory at its best. When, if ever, the disabilities of Union policy begin to be counterbalanced by its benefits the Protectorate native may look more kindly on Union overtures. It should then be possible for the Union to make the Protectorates treaties ensuring the present liberties of their inhabitants. But that is not a process that Britain, with the best will in the World, can do much to hasten. -The Manchester Guardian. Iifeemr oMe IHeywood' Brown When I read that a group of shovel men from Yale had unearthed Solomon's old seaport I de- cided to try to dig up Ezion-gever in my Bible and also get a passing fill-in on the King himself. Naturally, I ran across the famous incident which is largely responsible for Solomon's present reputation as the wisest of all monarchs. It seems to me that it is a secular rather than a spiritual estimate which places the ruler so high in the realm of sagacity. His contemporaries did not feel that his taste was in all things above reproach. In- deed, the chronicler who set 1down the record in the First Book of Kings observed somewhat sourly, "But King Solomon loved many strange women." However, it often happens that when some man marries even his closest friends are wont to say, "I can't for the life of me imagine what Fred can see in that girl." And Solomon cer- tainly put his cronies to the test by taking to himself seven hundred. I refer, of course, to his wedded wives. There were, also, three hundred concubines. The Editor Gets Told Japan And U.S. Steel To the Editor: The United States has at its im- mediate disposal the indirect means to cripple Japan's war-machine in China. A precedent has already been established for the use of such means. This action would in no way tend to involve the United States in any conflict with Japan. America could do this, because the continuance of the war Japan is wag- ing depends upon the use of steel made, or collected, in this country. Cutting off these shipments of steel would be infinitely more humanitar- ian than any expression of sympathy of any number of contributions to the Red Cross in order to provide a few bandages for a coolie whose chest been torn open by several pounds of steel manufactured in Gary, Ind. Here is an explanation of the facts: Japan in 1937 produced 5,300,000 tons of steel. The United States supplied 1,900,000 tons of steel toward the manufacture of this tonnage, or roughly, one-third. (These figures are based upon official export statis- tics" compiled monthly by U.S. gov- ernment bodies). In Japan's present difficult position,cutting her steel supply by one-third would do much to destroy her military economy. But scrap is for the most part low grade steel, too high in carbon con- tent to be re-worked into steels for military use. Last year Japan bought 400,000 tons of high-grade pig iron, which is necessarily used for making military weapons. And, in the first three months of 1938, Japanese im- ports of American pig iron have in- creased almost 110 per cent. But even then, Japan cannot manufacture the extremely high-grade steels needed for many armaments; neither the al- loys nor machinery needed are pres- ent in Japan. English 32, Section 6 (Mr. section): Assignment for May 24, "Twelfth Night." (Continued from Page 2) will be made from the League, Satur- day, May 21 from 9-12 a~m. and 1-5 p.m. Consult League bulletin board for room number. A deposit of $4 will be required, $2.50 of which will be refunded when cap and gown are returned after graduation. Issuances cannot be made unless class dues are fully paid up. Financial Committee of Frosh Proj- ect: Please be sure that all coupon books and lists are turned into Miss McCormick's office in the League by Monday morning at the very latest. Academic Notices Engish Concentration Examination. A qualifying examination for students who plan to elect English as their field of concentration will be given Tues- day evening, May 24, in Room 2225 Angell Hall. Foreign language, 7-8; English 8-10. * * * DAILY * How The Votes Stack Up And that seems a curious proportion. I don't know how to account for it. Seven, of course, was considered a mystical and lucky number in those days, but I believe that some deeper strategy motivated the King's arrangement of his house- hold. You see, if any dispute ever arose at home between the forces of excess and those pledged to. prim propriety Solomon was always in a posi- tion to get something over a two-thirds majority for respectability. In this way he put a check upon himself- and could shift the responsibility whenever the con- cubines asked for anything more than simple jewelry. He could always answer, "Gladly would I shower you with emeralds, my dears, but my wives won't let me." * * * * New York City Sets A Pace But among other things King Solomon was the first of the liberals. This he demonstrated when he was asked to decide the rightful mother of the disputed baby. "And the King said 'Divide the living child in two, and give half to the one and half to the other.'", And this was spoken after the manner in which liberals have spoken from that day to this. It is the very perfect example of the callousness of all middle-of-the-roaders. "The truth lies some- where between the two." It marks the distinction between the radical approach and the liberal ap- proach. The radical says that in regard to living vital issues a man must be on one side or an- other. Half a cause may be worse than none at all. And it may well be that Solomon was not wise at all but cagy. "transfer" of some inanimate object like the "railways" or "the mines." But it is with people that we are dealing, and with people who own land and possess rights. They are not pawns on a chessboard, but freedom-loving individuals. 2. I have no doubt that when in May and June last year General Hertzog complained to Mr. Malcolm MacDonald that the British Gov- ernment had not been sufficiently active in speed- ing up the transfer and "persuading" the natives of the territories that their future lay within the Union, Mr. MacDonald replied that the only person who could "persuade" the people was the Prime Minister of the Union himself. By his actions they would judge him, and as soon as the native policy of the Union had proved itself to be generous and beneficial there would be few barriers left to transfer. That is exactly what many of us feel. We are prepared in season and out of season to press for better conditions for the Union natives-wages, pass laws, conditions of contract service, educa- tion, taxation, health services-and, above all, for a new spirit of cooperation whereby white and black shall come to see that South Africa can only become a great country if there is mu- tual respect and toleration amongst all sections of the community. Until there is stronger evi- dence than at present that there is a genuine im- provement in our racial attitudes in South Africa some of us are bound to be lukewarm about in- corporation. This leads me to my third point: 3. What the protectorate natives fear is that they will lose all touch with their "protector" Great Britain, once they have thrown in their lot with the Union, and t'his is undoubtedly true. In 1937 a registered native voter in the Cape Province, applied to the Cape Supreme Court for an order restraining the relevant Ministers of State from removing his name from the ordinary voter's roll and placing it on a new voter's roll under the ° presentation of Natives Act of 1936. The case went to appeal, and the acting Chiefj Justice decided, inter alia, that the Statute of Westminster had in effect made the Union Par- liament supreme, with power to repeal or amend any British Act, order, or rule in so far as it affected the law of the Union. There appears then, to be nothing to prevent the Union Parliament's repealing the schedule of the Act of Union which lays down how the High Commission territories are to be administered and there would be no appeal to the Privy Coun- cil. Some means would have to be devised whereby, by special treaty or otherwise, the rights of the protectorate natives would be entrenched. This, of course, is of real concern to the British Parliament. Negotiations cannot but be long and difficult and the natives themselves must be fully advised of the whole position before being calldunto knnn ad mk nisin Hawkin's Tuesday, Japan needs finished steels to carry ai on a war. And America is supplying si them: we shipped over a million tons T of finished steel toeJapan in 1937 bE (this is in addition to the scrap and G 4. pig iron). All Japanese import fig- ures on raw materials needed for armaments have of course increased U during 1938. These steels were al- r ir loyed with such metals as copper, id aluminum, nickel, and molybdenum. d Only such steels are adequate for aircraft and gun-making. Thus the steels Japan buys here relieve three of her most desperate needs: they give her steel, they give her the spe- cial steel for arms purposes, and ti they give her steel already processed h with alloys which she lacks. C Steel is absolutely necessary to l carry on a war. It is impossible to A claim that Japan is using American f steels for commercial purpses: over 9 four hundred restrictions have beenT imposed, since the outbreak of the war, against the commercial use of steel. A If this country should cease its e trafficking in death, could Japan get e steels elsewhere to carry on a war? s Fortunately, the answer is no. Japan- v ese war-lords are tremendously re- sourceful, but no one can salvage steel s from high explosive and chemical 9 shell. The Soviet Union discontinued J shipments to Japan over a year ago. v Germany cannot; there, even arms projects must register with the au- thorities and pass through a long waiting list before steel can be de- livered. Great Britain cannot serveo as a source of steel, for England hasn been vying with Japan for first placeI as purchaser of American steel which she needs for her own arms program.I Nor can the Philippines supply enough steel. Australia has put before America a precedent for refusing to ship to Japan any kind of steel for any pur- pose.oJ pan invested large amounts of money in the island of Koolan, from which she eventually expected to get a million tons of steel per year. Then Japan's depredations in China obliged Australia to increase its arms program. Now the Australian gov- ernment is forbidding further ship- ments of ore to Japan "on the ground that a national issue is involved."I Japan is thoroughly tied-up in mili- tary operations in China, where she is by no means sure of victory, and the United States could cut off steel shipments with no danger whatso- ever. That is how the matter stands. The people of the United States can stop the war in China. We can also d- mand that our government lift the embargo on Loyalist Spain-our pres- ent "Neutrality" Act makes it pos- sible for this country to ship guns and bombs to the Fascists in Spain (last week the fourth shipment of 20,000 bombs went there via Ger- many). These two actions would be in- strumental in making America a force for peace. If we believe it unwise to assist in the preservation of that de- mocracy which we so greatly extoll, then we can at least remain neutral -at the present time America is ac- tively assisting the war-makers. And our actions would give heart to the peaceful peoples throughout the English 150 (Playwriting) and Mr. o ,owe's English 298. There will be im- o' ortant final announcements at the in ieeting Monday night, May 23. Ken- th eth Rowe.' a Qualifying Examinations for Direct- ly d Teaching will be given this after- T oon, at 1 o'clock, in the auditorium f the University High School. Comprehensive Examination in Ed- Li cation will be given this afternoon, H t two o'clock, in the auditorium of H e University High School. W Concerts Graduation Recital: Maurice Gerow, gnor, will appear in Graduation Re- d ital, Wednesday evening, May 25, fo t 8:15 o'clock at the School of Mu- fc c Auditorium, on Maynard Street. 'he general public is invited. He will to e. accompanied at the piano by Miss a race Wilson. Carillon Recital. Wilmot Pratt,4 niversity Carillonneur, will give a ecital on the Charles Baird Carillon the Burton Memorial Tower, Sun- ay afternoon, May 22, at 4:15 p.m. fn Exhibitions Exhibition, College of Architecture. Drawings, photogaphs and maps of F oviet architecture and city construc- on, also illustrations showing the ( istorical development of Soviet ar- H hitecture from 1918 to the present, tc oaned through the courtesy of the g mlnerican Russian Institute. Third s loor exhibition room. Open daily, b to 5, except Sunday, until May 24. p 'he public is cordially invited. Exhibition, College of Architecture: n n exhibition of articles in silver, gold. namel and semi-precious stones, forD cclesiastical and general use, de- igned and executed by Arthur Ne- m ill Kirk, is shown in the pier cases g t either side of the Library entrance, t econd floor corridor. Open daily, t ':00 to 5:00, except Sunday, until rune 1. The public is cordially in- L ited. Events Today p The Canadian-American Affiliates f the Foreign Policy Association an- nual luncheon today at the Michigan League; 1 p.m. n The speaker will be Mrs. Louise Leonard Wright of Chicago, National Chairman of Governmentand For-a eing Policy Department of the Na- tional League of Women Voters, form- er members of the faculty of the University of Minnesota. She will speak on "Legislating for Peace." Open meeting. Make reservationsc directly at the Michigan League.- Baptist Natators: Don't forget ther Roger Williams Guild splash partyI at the Intramural Building today. The group will meet at 7:30 p.m. at the pool. Coming Events t German Table for Faculty Members: The regular luncheon meeting will be held Monday at 12:10 p.m. in the Founders' Room of the Michigan Union. All faculty members interested in speaking German are cordially in-~ vited. There will be an informal 10- minute talk by Professor Henry W. Nordmeyer on "Die.Kunst des Uber- setzens." Biological Chemistry Seminar, Mon- day, May, 23, 3:30 p.m. Room 313 West Medical Building. "The Chemical Composition of Gly- cogen and Factors Influencing Its Deposition in the Liver" will be dis- cussed. All interested are invited. Physics Colloquium: Dr. R. L. Thornton will speak on "Recent Changes in the Cyclotron" at the Physics Colloquium on Monday, May 23 at 4:15 in Room 1041 East Physics Building. [ay 22, at 6 p.m. at Zion Parish in friends interested in international fairs are urged to attend this final rogram. Phi Tau Alpha: Tickets may be ob- ned from Ruth Morrison and Mar- a Hawk for the Phi Tau Alpha Ban- iet to be held at 6:30 p.m. Wednes- ay, May 25, at the Michigan League. Phi Eta Sigma: The group will hold s regular Sunday dinner meeting t 6:15 In the Union. Professor Thorn- >n of the Engineering School will idress the members. Acolytes: Dr. A. D. Osborn, of the ibrary Science department, will dis- ss Husserl's idea of Philosophy as r Exact Science on Monday evening, [ay 23, at 7:45 in Room 202, S.W. hose interested in philosophical dis- ission are invited to attend. The Christian Student Prayer Group ill hold its regular meeting at 5 p.m., unday, May 22, in the Michigan eague. The room will be announced a the bulletin board. Suomi Club: There will be a picnic n Sunday May 22, 1938 at 3:3Q clock p.m. The members will meet front of Hill Auditorium and from ere proceed to the Island. Games id refreshments are on the program id all Finnish students are cordial- invited. Please call Viola Vehko, el. 8429, if you are going to attend. Attention Lutheran Students: The utheran Student Club's Annual enior banquet will be held Sunday, all. All members are invited. There ill be the regular charge. Churches. Ann Arbor Friends (Quakers) will old their meeting for worship Sun- ay at 5 p.m. at the Michigan League, Illowed by a business meeting at 6 clock, for which members are urged be present. All who are interested re welcome. First Church of Christ, Scientist, 9 So. Division St. Sunday morning service at 10:30. Subject: "Soul and Body." Golden Text: Psalms 42:11. Sunday School at 11:45 after the orning service. Disciples Guild (Church of Christ) 10:45 a.m., Morning Worship, Rev. red Cowin, Minister. 5 p.m. Members of the Guild and heir friends will meet at the Guild ouse, 438 Maynard Street, and hike D the park by the Huron River for ames, picnic supper and a vesper. ervice. If it rains the meeting will e held at the Guild House at 5:30 .m. First Congregational Church, cor- er of State and William. 10:45 a.m., "The Fascination of the ommonplace" will be the subject of r. Leonard A. Parr's sermon at the norning service of worship. The or- an prelude will be "Allegro Can- abile" from Widor's V Symphony; he choir will sing "O Be Joyful in the 1ord" by Gretchaninoff; and Miss ois Greig, soprano, will sing, "It Was or Me" by Blount. 4:30 p.m. The Student Fellowship will leave Pilgrim Hall at 4:30 for a icnic at the Island. In case of rain, he meeting will be held in the church arlors at 5:30. F rst Presbyterian Church, Washte- naw Ave. "The Certainty of God" will be the ubject of Dr.W. P. Lemon's sermon at the Morning Worship Service at 0:45. The student choir directed by Miss Claire Coci and the children's -hoir under the leadership of Mrs. F'red Morns will, take part in the serv- ice. The musical numbers will in- elude: Organ Prelude, "Preludio" by Corelli; Anthem, "Come, Holy Ghost" by Palestrina; Solo, "Eye Hath Not Seen" from "The Holy City" by Gaul, Elizabeth Adams; Organ Postlude, "Fugue in D. Major" by Bach. Did you ever start a business? Did your Christian principles work? Come to the Westminster Guild meeting Sunday night at 5:30 and help us tackle the problem of organizing a cooperative. The advisors: Mrs. How- ard Y. McClusky and Dr. A. K. Stev- ens. First Methodist Church. Dr. C. W. Brashares will preach on the theme: "My Redeemer" at 10:40 o'clock. Stalker Hall. The Student Class will not meet again until next fall. Wesleyan Guild meeting at 6 p.m. Dr. W. E. Harrison will speak on "From Oxford and Georgia and Re- turn." Dr. Harrison is the superin- tendent of the Ann Arbor District of the Methodist Church. Fellowship Hour and supper at 7 p.m. St. Andrew's Episcopal Church: Services of worship Sunday are: 8:00 a.m. Holy Col.union, 9d30 a.m. Church School, 11:00 a.m. Kinder- garten, 11:00 a.m. Morning Prayer and Sermon by the Rev. Henry Lewis. Letter Sir: On my return to South Africa in January after furlough I was met with the question as to how long it would be before the protectorates were "handed over" to the Union. There is no doubt that in South Africa there is an urgency about the matter that does not exist in Great Britain. I have no doubt that General Hertzog is keenly anxious to bring off the "double" before he re- linquishes the premiership-namely, the "settle- ment" of the native problem within the Union (in the terms of his well-known formula of "seg- regation") and the incorporation of the Protec- torates (to satisfy South African national senti- ment). The question is many-sided, but I should like at this stage in the proceedings, while the nego- tiations are still in progress between the Domin- ions Office and the South African Government, to mm-hace thra w. "