THE MICHIGAN DAILY

FRIDAY, MAY



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Departmental Managers
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NIGHT EDITOR : JOSEPH S. MATTES

Neutrality
And 'The Nation'.

man of Europe." And that any government
through its diplomacy, may force another gov-
ernment to declare war on it, and so fight
a "defensive" war.
But Villard, too, becomes impractical when
he suggests an embargo against both sides in a
European war. That is economically impossible.
And fraught with political obstacles.
A less idealistic and more practical plan is
"cash and carry." The editors of The Nation
make a valid objection to a complete embargo
on the ground that it "would be an open invita-
tion to Hitler to launch an attack, since the
latter knows full well the dependence of Britain
and France on American supplies." But this ob-
jection does not apply to "cash and carry." For
Britain will undoubtedly control the seas in
the next war.
Further "cash and carry" does not mean that
Britain would have to pay for her goods in gold.
Just as in peacetime she would sell us goods,
establish credit here, and then buy our commod-
ities in return.
Practicality limits both idealistic, extremes:
strict "neutrality," where we would help neither
belligerent and "collective security," where .
would align ourselves with England and France.
America must take the middle course offered
by "cash and carry."
ART
American Scene
By HARRY BETHKE
SOME TIME AGO a group of progressive artists
in New York were sufficiently moved by com-
mon interests to organize the American Artists'
Congress. Their avowed intent was a dual one.
They were determined to capture something of
the spirit of contemporary America by re-estab-
lishing the necessary, dynamic kinship between
art and the social world. Secondly, they meaI 0
to take some of the snobbery out of art by gently
removing some of it out of the hands of the
dilettante patron and giving it back where it
belongs-to the people.
Since that time the movement has spread and
proved itself capable of fulfilling its purpose.
We have witnessed a whole series of masterly
and beautiful graphic prints by members of
the Congress. Now, for the first time in Ann
Arbor, Alumni Memorial Hall features an exhibit
made up entirely of paintings by artists of the
same group.
At first glimpse the pictures seem widely un-
related, for the exhibit is made up of a curious
conglomerate of styles and techniques. But it
soon becomes apparent that all of the artists are
deeply engrossed in an identical subject. That
subject is America here and now.
ESPECIALLY interesting are the works of
several Michigan artists. Detroit's Edgar
Yaeger is represented by "Dressmaker's Shop,"
a genre subject in his typical, wierd style. Mr.
Yaeger evidently seeks to express by means of an
abstract organization some mystic and hidden
harmony he feels underlying his subject. And
yet one cannot help feeling in his overdrawn
distortion that he defeats his own purpose and
becbmes unfortunately meaningless. Another
Michigan artist in the show, one whose work
is always more than welcome, is Jean-Paul
Slusser. It is certainly pleasing to find that
his oil, "Dawn," in its plastic and colorful inter-
pretation of a typical American scene, loses
nothing of the freshness and spontaneity of his
well-known water-colors.
Many other variants of the American scene are
shown. Henry Bernstein is represented by two
Negro paintings which go unentitled because
they speak for themselves. Barbara Willson's
"Still Life" is an ironic study in contrasts, and
Joe Jones' "Sharecropper's Family" and Ernest
Fiene's "The Passing Scene" are both exception-
ally fine paintings in unusually beautiful colors.
Yet perhaps the finest painting in the entir,
exhibit is William Fanning's sunlit scene along a
sea-wall.
It is to be hoped that the American Artists'
Exhibit will attract the attention it deserves.
All in all the Congress has proved its ability to
maintain in its paintings the same high stand-
ards of quality that it has established in its

graphic prints.
 THEFRUM
'Liberal'
To the Editor:
The emotional letter of Mr. N. Rosten in the
Forum, May 6, deserves the most severe criti-
cism. The letter, written, I suppose by a "liberal,"
was full of irrational statement of autistic think-
ing which is a direct contradiction of the true
liberal appeal to reason. I propose to examine
the most important parts of the letter with
the purpose of demonstrating its irrational, emo-
tional basis._
The third paragraph begins, "Because right
this minute thousands of students are in the
cold trenches fighting for those democratic prin-
ciples which we so blandly inherited." In the
first place, how can they fight for the democratic
principles which I have inherited? And what as-
surance is there that the Ldyalists will establish
a democratic government? How can war-torn
Spain expect anything but a dictatorship in the
event of victory by either side?
In the next sentence he. says, "Fascism is
death to culture." This would indicate that
culture is dependent upon the political system,
a belief that cannot be supported. Date the
letter 1917 and substitute "Kultur" for fascism.
Farther in this paragraph, "If fascism wins
anywhere in the world, what goes up in smoke
is ntrhans a strrihl as the loss of flesh

BENEATH ****
~ITALL
FRED WARNER NEAL rushed into The Daily
last night while a hundred -odd high school
journalists were inspecting the Publications
plant. Neal, taken by surprise, looked bewildered
and confused and in a small voice addressed to
no one in general asked, "What is this anyway?"
Whereupon a little ninth grade girl took him
softly by the hand and explained, "This is The
Michigan Daily."
BENEATH IT ALL: Arnold Daniels has a con-
tract to furnish Life with a set of pictures
depicting life on the Michigan Campus together
with an .article which will appear in three weeks
...,Bamby Boucherle, Pi Phi love mote of Dick
"Most beautiful" Goldcamp who is scheduled to
take an awful ride in the current 'Ensian had
the sisterhood agog with envy several nights
ago when she came in with a diamond ring.
Close scrutiny proved the matrimonial rumor
false-and the ring of the Kresge variety .
The Philadelphia Symphony orchestra stopped
in the middle of rehearsal in Hill Auditorium
Wednesday and played a composition dedicated
to a deceased member of the troupe, and they
poured everything they had into it . . . Pood.,
Pomeroy, Theta, has announced that all close
friends can get a discount on scotch. Poodie's
father runs a liquor dispensary in connection
with his Trading Post at Standish, Michigan and
"he can, get it for ya hulsale" ... Professor Slos-
son and his wife spent a brief period in the local
police fortress yesterday protesting a double
parking ticket which the vigilantes handed out
to a country boy who had been driving for the
Professor's wife . . . Mosher-Jordan girls were
somewhat taken back Wednesaay night when
after a house meeting they trooped out to the
drinking fountain for water. Reposing smugly
in the white enameled sanctuary was a frog,
all ready to spring. Closer observation and a
prominent odor of formaldehyde revealed the
exact state of the frog more accurately . . . Mem-
bers of the Gamma Phi house believe in taking
it easy after dinner. They have tousled-headed
waiters serve them their coffee in the living
room..,.
FEW PEOPLE know that while Jack Lambie
and Dick Merrill, the two trans-Atlantic fly-
ers who took a week off to fly across the ocean
and back, were winging through the clouds last
night, Mary Lambie, Jack's kid sister, sat glued
to the radio in the Gamma Phi house.
Mary and several of her close friends main-
tained an almost constant radio vigil for spas-
modic reports of the flight.
Mary maintained that she knew Jack would
complete the record-smashing attempt safely
and be back at his co-pilot's job on Eastern Air-
lines within the week.
The sisterhood replied in chorus, "We don't
blame them a bit" when asked what they thought
of the two American girls who showered kisses
all over Jack and Merrill when they arrived at
Croydon Field, London.
* * * *
TROUBLE, trouble and more trouble has beset
the powers which manage the 'tnsian
and held up distribution until next week. It
would appear as how the printer started his
presses backwards and smashed the plates of
some of the most important cuts in the books.
Then when the original pictures were mailed to
enable the engravers to make duplicate cuts, the
package was lost in the mail and failed to~
turn up for several days.
Now the difficulty would seem cleared away
and the road clear for promoters Dannemiller
and Strickland to walk out of the University with
the biggest bonus paid to publications men since
the golden pre-depression era.
but symbolism is not reason, word pictures are
not facts.
"The duty of the student is crystal clear if

he has any cultural evaluation of civilization."
An appeal to our desire to feel ourselves to be
cultured students, a statement that his logic
is crystal clear. Similar amethods are found in
"Your cooperation against fascism-should
spring from the deep and sincere feeling that a
'true' student holds toward artistic and intellec-
tual freedom."
"We but extend ourselves in time and fight
for our own preservation and the preservation
of Michigan University." An appeal to the
prime instinct of self-preservation also drawing
upon the emotional associations of our univer-
sity. "Imagine a possible time when these valuer
(Shakespeare and MacLeich) will be forbidden
to you." Yes, imagine that time and then take
Mr. Rosten's word that we must defeat the
rebels in order to forestall it.
And then the age-old propaganda device, an
atrocity story. "I'll tell you something about
DeFalla. He was captured by fascist rebels and
witnessed these murderers torture his sculptor-
friend Lorka to death. He went insane from
the ordeal." He says, "I'll tell you." Did he
see it? Did McKenzie see it? Did anyone see it?
Or is it a story like the German glue factories
whe'e they boileddown enemy bodies?
The educator has a moral obligation to aid the
student in the development of his intelligence.
The student has a moral obligation to apply
that intelligence. Who has neglected his ethical
responsibility, educator or student? Is it time
that we substituted a "wish to find out" for Will
James' "will to believe."
I am not a fascist. I believe myself to be
liberal, and I sincerely desire the Spanish Loyal-
ists to win. But I do object to being told that
T nn rh+. +n int.Prvonn in the Snanish - ruaale

May Festival
By WILLIAM J. LICHTENWANGER
A Review
SECOND CONCERT
The thrilling performances of Wag-
ner which Kirsten Flagstad instituted
Wednesday evening were continued
in the second concert last night by
the great Wagnerian tenor, Lauritz
Melchior, the University Choral
Union, Glee Club, and Lyra Male
Chorus, and the Philadelphia Orches-
tra, with Eugene Ormandy and Earl
V. Moore conducting. Mr. Melchior,
with Mr. Ormandy conducting, was
heard in the Prize Song from Die
Meistersinger, the First Forging Song
from Siegfried, and the companion
encore to that of Mme. Flagstad the
previous evening-Siegmund's Love
Song, from the first act of Die Wal-
kure. After the intermission Dr.
Moore conducted the choruses and
soloist in excerpts from each of the
three acts of Parsifal.
Mr. Melchior's deep tenor voice and
superb dramatic power were at their
height in the climactic scene from
the second act of Wagner's "sacred
drama." It might not be amiss to
point out, apropos of numerous crit-
icisms heard during both evenings,
that Wagner uses the voice as the su-
preme instrument of the ensemble
-not as an accompanied soloist-and
that therefore it is not to be expected
that the orchestra will remain con-
tinually in the background as it
would in a Mozart aria. At times Mr.
Melchior's voice was distinguishable
only as another sound in the general
ensemble, and at others it soared in-
spiringly above. In either case the
dramatic effect was as the composer
intended.
The Choral Union and the orches-
tra, conducted by Dr. Moore, also pre-
sented the first American perform-
ance of Eric Fogg's The Seasons. This
work is an effective and highly pleas-
ing piece of seasonal painting, in
which the voices are again used, for
the most part, instrumentally rathe
than vocally. There were certain
passages, notably ' in the "summer"
movement, which did not seem of
great interest, but the work as a
whole, and the last two movements
in particular, is possessed of a great
deal of beauty and vitality. The
work of the choruses in this, as in
Parsifal, was in general excellent, and
Dr. Moore deserves much praise for
his coordination of the entire en-
semble.
Last in point of space, but first on
the program and in immaculate per-
formance was the Leonore Overture
No. 3 of Beethoven, which received
an inspiringly dramatic rendition at
the hands of Mr. Ormandy and the
virtuosi in the orchestra.
Program Notes
FIFTH CONCERT
(Saturday, May 15, 2:30 p.m.)
Symphony No. 2, in D major-Beet-
hoven. The year 1802 in Beethoven's
life saw the creation of two docu-
ments of outstanding importance.
Onewas the Second Sympony; the
other was that remarkable expression
of an agonized soul known to the
world as "Beethoven's Will." But,
though the certainty of his oncoming
deafness filled Beethoven with an in-
tolerable misery which he poignantly
disclosed in the "Will," no hint of
his state of mind is to benfound in
the pages of the genial, light-heart-
ed Symphony which was the product
of that same period.
Following the classic custom, the
Symphony opens with a broad, im-
passioned introduction, creating a.
sense of expectancy which resolves
into the vigor and incisiveness of the
main theme of the movement. This
emphasis of rhythm and tonal-
ity is sustained in the subordinate
theme as well, and the whole first
movement is brisk and energetic, with
no relenting touch of sentiment. The
absence of the latter is atoned for,

however, in the genuine lyricism and
elegance of the second movement.
The third movement-which is the
first symphonic movement actually to
be labelled "scherzo"-does not move
so swiftly or so boisterously as some
of the other of Beethoven's scherzos,
but there is humor and jollity in it
nevertheless. The finale, with its
abrupt, capricious main t h e m e,
shocked the bigwigs of 1802; today it
seems merely the expression of an
uproarious good humor-a mood
which must have been foreign to the
composer's personal existence at the
time, and so found an outlet in his
music.
Concerto for Violin and Orchestra
in A major-Mozart. Although Moz-
art as a player is remembered prin-
cipally for his extraordinary skill
upon the clavier, he was also a violin-
ist of more than average ability. The
A major is the last of five concertos
written all in the year 1775, probably
for the composer's own use.
The Concerto is in the customary
three movements, marked "Allegro
aperto," "Adagio," and "Tempo di
Menuetto." The first movement is
the most elaborate, with constant
alternation between solo and tutti
>assages and concluding with a ca-
denza. The second movement is of
the simple, tuneful, cantilena type,
and the third movement is a rondo
with characteristics of a menuet.
"Tzigane," Rhapsody for Violin and
Orchestra-Rovel. This rhapsodic
collection of gypsy airs and rhythms
was written in 1924, originally for
violin and piano-lutheal-the latter
heina n a+ttophmen+ hy which a iann

FRIDAY, MAY 14, 1937 i
VOL. XLVII No. 161 C
Notices
Seniors: Burr, Patterson & Auldc
Company will continue to accept or-
ders for Senior Commencement book-
lets and announcements until 5 p.m.E
today. Following that date seniorsc
will have no further opportunity of1
placing orders.
A Year of Study in Germany:A
German student has written suggest-
ing that his parents are willing to
give free hospitality or money for all
necessary expenses to an American
student who would like to study in
Berlin if his parents will do the same
for him in America. For details re-
garding the proposed plan please see
the Counselor to Foreign Students,
Room 9, University Hall.
J. Raleigh Nelson.
Seniors in Literature, Science and
Arts: All seniors are requested to
order their caps and gowns immed-
lately. They may be obtained at- the
Moe Sport Shop on North University.
Paul F. Bagley Scholarship in
Chemistry: This scholarship of $200
is open to juniors and seniors major-!
ing in chemistry. Preference will be
given to those needing financial as-
sistance. Application blanks may be
obtained in Room 212, Chemistry
Laboratory and must be filed not
later than May 31.
Academic Notices
Master's Degree in History: Can-
didates for the Master's Degree in
history are asked to register in the
History Department office before
Monday, May 17, for the language
examination to be given at 4 p.m.,
Friday, May 21. Candidates must
bring their own dictionaries. Copies
of old examinations are on file in the
basement study hall in the General
Library. The examination is one hour
in length.
Juniors concentrating in English
who wish to apply for admission to
the Senior Honors Course should
leave their names at the English of-
fice, 3221 Angell Hall before Satur-
day noon, May 15.
W. G. Rice.
Philosophy 31: Make-up examina-
tion this afternoon at 4 p.m., 201 S.W.
Geology II: There will be a lecture
today at the regular time to make up
for the lecture missed on Monday.
Concert
May Festival Concerts: May Fes-
tival concerts will take place as fol-
lows :
Friday, May 14, 2:30 p.m. Eugene
List, pianist, soloist. Miscellaneous
orchestral numbers. Young People's
Festival Chorus and the Philadelphia
Orchestra. Eugene Ormandy and
Roxy Cowin, conductors.
Friday, May 14, 8:30 p.m. Elisabeth
Rethberg and Ezio Pinza, soloists.
Miscellaneous artist program. Phila-
delphia Orchestra, Eugene Ormandy,
conductor.
Saturday, May 15, 2:30 p.m. Jo-
seph Knitzer, violinist, soloist. Phil-
adelphia Orchestra, Jose Iturbi, con-
Sductor.
Saturday, May 15, 8:30 p.m. Solo-
ists: Elisabeth Rethberg, Thelma
Lewis, Marion Telva, Arthur Carron,
Carlo Morelli, Ezio Pinza. Verdi's
"Aida" with Philadelphia Orchestra
and the Choral Union. Earl V. Moore,
conductor.
May Festival Notices: The sympa-
thetic cooperation of concert-goers
and of the general public is respect-
fully solicited.
Evening concerts will, begin at 8:30
p.m. and afternoon concerts at 2:30
p.m. Please come sufficiently early
as to be seated on time.

Holders of season tickets are re-
quested to detach proper coupons be-
fore leaving home, and to present for
admission, instead of bringing the
entire ticket.
Those leaving the Auditorium dur-
ing intermissions will be required to
present ticket stubs for re-admission.
Visitors are not admitted to rehear-
sals.
Traffic regulations will be in
charge of the Ann Arbor Police de-
partment. Traffic will be prohibited

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
Publication in the Bulletin is constructive notice to all members of the
f'aversity. Copy received at the ofoie Mf the Assixtaat to the Preside"
vnM 3M; 11 :00 aam.on Saturday.

in front of the Auditorium during
concerts, except that taxis may load
and unload in front of the Auditor-
ium. Private cars will please use side
entrances on either Thayer or Ingalls
Streets.
Inquiries regarding lost or found
articles should be made at the office
of Vice-President Shirley W. Smith
in University Hall.
The University Musical Society wil
greatly appreciate cooperation in
these and other respects in order to
avoid all unnecessary confusion.
Charles A. Sink, President.
Lectures
University Lecture: Dr. D. Donald
Hudson, Land Classification Section,
Land Planning and Housing Division,
Tennessee Valley Authority, will lec-
ture on "A Geographer's Contribution
to the T.V.A." in Natural Science Au-
ditorium on Wednesday, May 19, at
4:15 p.m. The lecture will be il-
lustrated. The public is cordially in-
vited.
University Lecture: Bertil Ohlin
professor of economics in the School
of Business Administration, Stock-
holm, Sweden, will lecture on "Swe-
dish Economic Policy in Boom and
Depression" at 4:15 p.m. on Monday,
May 17, in Natural Science Audi-
torium. The public is cordially in-
vited.
University Lecture by Prof. Sculley
Bradley of the University of Penn-
sylvania on "Poetry and Revolt in
Post-War America" at 4:15 p.m. in
1025 Angell Hall today.
Mathematics Lectures: Dr. J. C.
Neyman of University College, Lon-
don, will give the third lecture of the
series of three lectures on the "Theory
of Statistics" this afternoon at 4:15
p.m. in Room 3011 Angell Hall.
Exhibition
Exhibition, College of Architec-
ture: An exhibition of the student
work in design from member schools
of the Association of Collegiate
Schools of Architecture, among which
is included the University of Michi-
gan College of Architecture, is being
shown in the third floor exhibition
room of the Architectural Building.
This will be on view through May 13,
daily except on Sunday, from 9 to 5.
The public is cordially invited.
There will be an exhibition of
paintings by the National Member-
ship of the American Artists' Con-
gress sponsored by its Michigan
Branch in Alumni Memorial Hall
through May 21, afternoons from 2
to 5 p.m.
Exhibition of Sculpture by students
of Prof. Avard Fairbanks in the Con-
course of the Michigan League. Some
work by Professor Fairbanks is also
on exhibit.
Events Today
Esperanto: The Esperanto Class
will meet in Room 1035 Angell Hall
from 4:30 to 5:30 p.m. today.
Lutheran Student Choir: Rehear-
sal this evening, 7-7:45 p.m., at Trin-
ity Lutheran Church. Rehearsal
Sunday afternoon, 2:30 p.m., at Zion
Parish Hall.
Coming Events
A.S.M.E. Members: All members
planning to make the trip into De-
troit on Thursday afternoon, May 20,
should sign the list on the bulletin
board near the Mechanical Engin-
eering office before Friday, May 14.
IMembership cards for new mem-
bers are available in Room 221 and
will be needed on the Detroit trip.
Mechanical Engineering magazines
for March, April and May are also in.

Graduate Outing Club. The An-
nual Overnight at Patterson Lake,
Saturday and Sunday, May 15 and
16, don't miss it. Everything for every-
one. Swimming, hiking, canoeing,
baseball, treasure hunt, singing, danc-
ing, camp-fire, 20 miles of scenic
highway. Group leaves Lane Hall
Saturday at 2:30 p.m. Sunday group

FLAMES in Spain have molded the
problems of peace, fascism, and
American "neutrality" policy into one complete
mhass. And many liberals, suffering from wishful
thinking together with certain personal predi-
lections, have become truly "muddled" therefrom.
Conspicuous examples, one on the precipice of
collective security and the other on the limb
of idealistic pacifism are the editors of The
Nation and Oswald Garrison Villard. A synthesis
of the valid ideas of both make it clear that
America's best chance for peace lies in a "cash
and carry" policy.
The editors of The Nation believe that "the
duty of the realistic pacifist is to choose the
course that offers the best chance of strengthen-
ing the forces of democracy in Europe." They
call this "collective security"; but it resolves it-
self into the establishment of a "balance of
power" much like that of 1914.
This policy means active cooperation of the
United States with France and England in an
attempt to restrain Germany and Italy. It
means basing our hopes for peace on the belief
that our alignment against them will instill fear
in German and Italian hearts.
No one can answer the question of whether
a balance of power with America on the side of
England and France would preserve peace in
Europe. But it is clear that in any event this
policy of "collective security" means that if
Hitler or Mussolini should break loose this nation
must be willing to fight beside the European de-
mocracies and send its soldiers abroad again.
To this Villard objects and with this objection
we concur. He points out, and this the editors
of The Nation do not deny, that "if we do
get into the next war, it will mean the disap-
pearance of our democracy. The laws now on
the statute books and those pending in Congress
today guarantee that ...
"The way to save deiocracy is for us to keep it
intact in the United States, prevent our democ-
racy from being turned into a war-time dicta-
torship, conserve its resources for the benefit not
only of our own people but of all the peoples
after hostilities have ceased. I want the United
States to remain a great reservoir of means and
strength, especially moral strength, available to
put the world on its feet after the next holy war."
But this is not the only objection Villard raises.
He denies "that it is the duty of the United States
to sit in judgment, like Jehovah, and then sacri-
fice its sons for the side it thinks right on the
basis of such little or such biased informa-
tion as is available in the hysteria and excite-
ment leading up to a war and after the war
censorships are clamped down."
How do we know, he asks, "that the cause
of the democracies will be any juster than that
of the Allies in 1914-17? . . . The excuse for
England was Belgium, but we know very well
now that the compelling reason was the desire
of the controlling class in democratic England to
arnc+Io r--n n-avy an minntPA. o ann-

A

leaves at 8:30 a.m. Phone
Wayne Whitaker 5745, before 5
for reservations. All Graduate
dents are cordially invited.

Mrs.
p.m,
stu-

concerning this composition, save
that it was played for the first time
this season by Mr. Iturbi and the Ro-
chester Philharmonic Orchestra, and
is evidently the work of a contempo-
rary and little-known Spanish com-
poser.
Intermezzo from "Goyescas"-Gra-
nadas. "Goyescas," an opera con-
structed from two sets of piano pieces
based on paintings of Goya, and the
composer's only well-known work,
was given its first performance at
the Metropolitan Opera in 1916. The
unfortunate death of' the composer
occurred soon afterwards, when the
"Sussex,' 'the boat on which he was
returning to Spain from New York,
was torpedoed by a German subma-
rine.

Tau Beta Pi: Members please sign
for buses to Barton Hills for Tuesday
night meeting and afternoon golf.
The Junior Class of the School of
Education will hold a weiner roast on
the Island, Saturday, May 15, at 6
p.m. .All members of the School of
Education and their friends are in-
vited to attend. And those who
wish to attend please get in touch
with anyone of the following per-
sons before Friday, May 15: Lilburm
Ochs, John Fabello, Hanley Staley,
William Druker, George Shakarian,
Olin Murdick, Edward Slezak, Ruth
Carr, Dorothy Gardner, or Mary
.Tane Mu11er.

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