THE MICHIGAN DAILY SATURDAY, FEB, 20, 1937 ,.. THE MICHIGAN DAILY iqw, Member 1937 AssoC d$Cole a Press Distributors of Role "ate DiU Published every morning except Monday during the University year and Summer Session by the Board in Control of Student Publications. Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. Aillrights of republication of all other matter herein also reserved. Ehtered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan as second class mal matter. Subscriptions during regular school year by carrier, 04 00; by mail, $4.50, REPRESENTED FOR NATIONAL ADVERTISING BY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publishers Reprosentatink 420 MApsON Ave. NEW YORK. N.Y. CHICAGO BOSTON .NSAN FRANCICO LOS ANGELES - PORTLAND SEATTLE Board of Editors MANAGING EDITOR .................ELSIE A. PIERCE ASSOCIATE EDITOR ............FRED WARNER NEAL ASSOCIATE EDITOR.......MARSHALL D. SHULMAN George Andros Jewel Wuerfel Richard Hershey Ralph W. Hurd Robert Cummins Departmental Boards Publication Department: Elsie, A.. Pierce, Chairman; James Boozer, Arnold S. Daniels, Joseph Mattes, Tuure Tenander, Robert Weeks. Reportorial Department: Fred Warner Neal, Chairman; Ralph Hurd, William E. Shackleton, Irving S. Silver- man, William Spaller, Richard G. Hershey. Editorial Department: Marshall D. Shulman, Chairman; Robert Cummins, Mary Sage Montague. Sports Department:, George J. Andros, Chairman; Fred DeLano adiFred Buesser, associates, Raymond Good- man, Carl Gerstacker, Clayton Hepler. Richard La- Marco. Women's Department: Jewel Wuerfel, Chairman: Eliza- Beth M Anderson, Elizabeth Bingham, Helen Douglas, Margaret Hamilton, Barbara J. Lovell, Katherine Moore, Betty Strickroot, Theresa Swab. Business Department BUSINESS MANAGER.........JOHN R. PARK SSO CIATEBUSINESS MANAGER . WILLIAM BARNDT WOMEN'S BUSINESS MANAGbR .......JEAN KEINATH Business Assistants: Robert Martin, Ed Macal, Phil Eu-~ chen, Tracy Buckwalter, Marshall Sampson. Newton Ketcham. Robert Lodge, Ralph Shelton, Bill New- nan, Leonard Seigelman, Richard Knowe, Charles Coleman, W. Layhe, J. D. Haas, Russ Cole. Wom~en'sBusiness Assistants: Margaret Ferries, Jane Steiner, Nancy Cassidy, Stephanie Parfet, Marion Baxter, L. Adasko, G. Lehman, Betsy Crawford, Betty Davy, Helen Purdy. Martha Hankey, Betsy Baxter, Jean Aheinfrank, Dodie Day, Florence Levy, Florence Michlinski, Evalyn Tripp. Departmenta Managers lack Staple. Accounts Managd: Richard Croushore, Na- tional Advertising and Circulation Manager; Don J. Wilsher, Contracts Manager; Ernest A. Jones, Local Advertising Manager; Norman Steinberg, Service Manager;tHerbert Falender, Publications and Class- ifid Advertising Manager. NIGHT EDITOR.: ROBERT WEEKS 1931 England finally was compelled to abandon payments. The insolvency of the Credit Anstalt was the superficial cause. The outflow of gold caused largely by our tariff policy was the deep- seated one. "The depreciation of sterling which ensued caused such a drastic decline in prices here, par- ticularly in exportable farm commodities, that we, too, abandoned gold, depreciatedI the dollar in terms of gold and foreign currencies and resorted to a managed money. "For the moment there appears to be stability of exchanges. But it is probable that the end of depreciated currencies is not in sight, and that permanent stability will not be attained untl, among other things, the course of public policy runs strongly in the direction of a freer interna- tional movement of goods. "Thus those who seek stability of exchanges abroad and a sound currency at home must acquiesce in a reduction of our tariffs. They can not enjoy the former without accepting, the latter." With regard to the effect of high tariffs on war, Mr. Douglas says: "One of the sources of the present threat to peace of Europe is the prevalence of economic nationalism, barriers to trade, encouraged as a matter of national policy. It would be straining the point to contend that barriers to tradealone are responsible for the explosive international political situation across the seas. "Unrealistic provisions of the Treaty of Ver- sailles; the ravages of inflation induced by gov- ernment wartime expenditures, and deep-seated national jealousies all directly and indirectly con- tribute to make a highly inflammable political fabric. "These might, however, slowly have been for- gotten had the nations which are the centers of the trouble been able to obtain through peaceful channels of trade the raw materials which they needed. Unable to purchase raw materials be- cause of lack of gold on the one hand and be- cause other countries prohibit the importation of their produce on the other, they are being driven to synthetic economic self-sufficiency. "This sort of policy, whether voluntarily select- ed or involuntarily imposed, is impossible in a free society. "Its operation demands a government of un- restrained power, for to beeconomically self-suf- ficient food must be rationed, and only a gov- ernment of unrestrained power can do this; re- strictions must be imposed on the uses to which certain commodities can be put, and only a government of unrestrained power can do this; to be effective the freedom of the press, of speech, of educational institutions, even of religion, must be abridged if not wholly withdrawn. "And, what is more, the standard of living must fall. As a matter of fact, it has fallen, for when a people cannot. buy with their produce the things which they need, they endure, if indeed they do endure, a scarcity made up, if, in fact, it can be made up, by far more costly or far less effective substitutes manufactured by chem- ical synthesis or grown under wholly unnatural conditions. People whose standard of living is thus progressively depressed'cannot longbe held in leash. Eventually, in desperation, they will break their bonds and attempt to obtain by foree that which through peaceful channels of trade other nations have prohibited to them, Europeis rapidly approaching this precise condition today. "If a war is to be prevented, nations must be given an opportunity, by peaceful and natural intercourse, to obtain the things necessary at least for a reasonable subsistence level. This is wholly impossible as long as all the implements of economic warfare-quotas, exchange, restric- tions, excessive tariffs, depreciated currencies- are prevalently employed. "To some it may appear that war abroad is of no significance to us at home, that an assurance of our neutrality is all that is important. For them, it is suggested that even if we escape active participation it is certain that we cannot escape from the economic consequence, of hostilities. Thus neutrality is not enough to isolate us from the fearful effects of a war. Prevention is the only security. To avoid war there must first be economic peace. The Secretary of State is endeavoring to travel in that direction. It may perhaps, be too late to be effective. It is not too late to try." *: * * *e We are in receipt of an announcement that a dramatic portrayal of the Hull Reciprocal Trade Agreements will be broadcast 10:30 p.m. Monday over WSM (650 kilocycles). The material has been prepared by Dr. D. F. Fleming of Vander- bilt University, and is presented under the spon- sorship of an insurance company. Letters published. in this column should not be construed as expressing the editorial opinion of The Daily. Anonymous contributions will be disregarded. The names of communicants will, however, be regarded as confidential uponrequest. Contributors are asked to be brief, the editors reserving the right to condense all letters of more than 300 words and to accept or reject letters upon the criteria of general editorial importance and interest to the campus. University Bookstore Next? To the Editor: Whether or not the cost of living in Ann Arbor is higher than in any other university town in the country is not likely to be proved. We do have, however, at a school where at least two-thirds of the student body is dependent on outside work in order to gain an education, extremely high living costs. The housing problem, increased as it is by the displacement of private rooming-houses by University expansion, is being tackled by the Men's Dormitory Committee, with the approval and aid of the University. The price of food has seen a noticeable rise, BENEATH **** #44IT ALL By Bonth Williams - LAZY SPRING tDAYS and muddy weather in the middle of February are the height of fu- tility; if nothing else they conjure up the picture of a sandy brown oval surrounding a green in- field. Crowds and color and tension. All of which serves as a reminder that the bob tails which have been sunning themselves in the warmer climes while the rest of us froze and lost our shirts trying to figure out how they felt, are getting set for the big tests of the winter season. The Wieener Cup at Hialeah and the Santa Anita handicap on the sun-kissed shores are the feature attractions of the horsy gentry ere the stage is set at Churchill Downs. Famous as a handicapper of slow horses, I con- sulted with Colonel Bob Henoch, now posing as a barrister, and together we issue these surmises for the benefit of those sportsmen who love to watch the races so much that they don't care who wins. Out on the coast where they do things in a big way, the field is set for the third running of the $100,000Santa Anita. As nearly as I can figure, the only thing really big about it is the size of the. purse. The field of probable starters, so starred with great racing names in the past, this year is made up of a group of just ordinarily good hides who are out to cut the melon. Azucar, far from the horse he was when he took the first running of this great event, is en- tered but may not start. Top Row, A.A. Baroni's crack racer, who last year knocked down half the field with Wayne Wright in the pilot house as he walked off with cake, will not run this year. SEABISCUIT is our choice for the Santa Anita with Rosemont, winter book favorite, Red Rain, and Indian Broom all dangerous. It's the kind of a race, however, where there is no one outstanding entry, such as Discovery was last year, and with the horses so evenly matched, there is more than a good chance for a long dog to come -from nowhere and pick up the loose change. Just why it is that this year owners have steered their prize mounts Florida way instead of to Santa Anita, may be a bit hard to figure out when one hundred thousand iron men are wait- ing for the man with the fastest pony. Colonel Wiedner has, however been generous also in announcing his purses, and as a result many of the best handicap horses have been kept in the 'gator country picking up fat purses every day, and biding their time until the running of the rich Weidner Cup. Colonel Henoch and I have our $2 on old Whopper to eat the oats after this one. The big fellow worked a mile in 1:51 the other day with his handler almost pulling his head off; that's good enough for us. Brevity may be dan- gerous if he recovers the form he flashed last winter, but at this writing that possibility seems extremely remote. THEATRE For Children And Others The Children's Theatre of Ann Arbor presents A PLACE TO PLAY, adapted by Russell MacCracken, '34. from Fer- enc Molnar's novel THE PAUL S'TREET BOYS. Directed by Sarah Pierce; scen- ery by Oren Parker. At the Mendel- ssohn Theatre: last performances are at 1:30 and 3:30 this afternoon. I 0 SATURDAY, FEB. 20. 1937 VOL. XLVII No. 99 Notices By JAMES DOLL " Notice: Attention of all concerned, and particularly of those having of- IN SPITE of the mass of good fiction fices in Haven Hall, or the Western for children--both contemporary portion of the Natural Science Build- and from the past-there seem to be ing, to the fact that parking of cars comparatively few satisfactory plays in the driveway between these two for children. The best are for very buildings is at all times inconvenient small children and do more to keep to other users of the drive and some older children away from the theatre times results in positive danger to than to escourage future play-going. other drivers and to pedestrians on A Place to Play, is for that reason' diagonal and other walks. You very exceptional. It is thrilling the-th are respectfully asked not to park atre for anyone-especially for boys arerespectf ased ot o ark the same age as its characters-that there and if members of your family is, the same age as the actors playing call for you, especially at noon when it at the Mendelssohn this week. traffic both on wheels and on foot is T'hese boys might be the same heavy, it is especially urged that the group that are so important in Sid- car wait for you in the parking space ney Kingsley's Dead End or in But adjacent to the north door of Uni- For the Grace of God. But they are versity Hall. Waiting in the drive- portrayed more lightly here and way blocks traffic and involves con- bound into a plot that all children fusion, inconvenience and danger, like to play. There are two "gangs" just as much when a person is sitting -the Paul Street Boys, who control in a car as when the car is parked the lumber yard as a place to play, empty. and Redskins who would like to have University Senate Committee on it. They get into fights for it-a kind Parking. of war based on the precedents they get from the adults who carried on Monday, Feb. 22, being a legal holi- the same kind of battle amplified to day, classes will not meet, and of- affect so much of Europe. Theilr us- fices, clinics, and University. build- ing the terms of diplomacy and of ings will be closed, with the excep- war makes the play a satire on the tion of the Library. people who run real wars. Molnar took these pompous phrases and gave Library Hours on . Washington's them to children for the same pur- Birthday: On Monday, Feb. 22, the pose that Anatole France gave hu- Service Departments of the General man follies to penguins in his Pen- Library will be open the usual hours, guin Isle. But don't think the play at the 7:45 a.m. to 10 p.m. The Study Mendelssohn is as weighty as this Halls outside of the main building, sounds. It is, on the surface, great and the Departmental Libraries will fun and full of excitement. A great be closed. deal of this is due to the superb way C that Sarah Pierce has directed this Chora Un n embes:Member gang of boys. She has done more of the Choral Union whose records than made them follow a routine. are clear will please call in person They have been made to catch the for their pass tickets for the Artur spirit of the battle so that everything Schnabel concert, at the School of they do seems entirely spontaneous. Music, Tuesday, between the hours of It would be unfair to single out any 9 and 12, and 1 and 4. After 4 p.m. of the actors for special mention be- no tickets will be given out. cause here as in all good ensemble playing the smallest parts were al- Notice to Seniors L.S.&A.: Friday, most as important-and every bit Feb. 26, is the last possible day de- as well acted-as, the leads. linquent seniors may pay their dues, More people shouldeawrite plays which are one dollar. There will be like this or dramatize such good ma- a table in the front of Angell Hall terial. It will help to make children from Tuesday, Feb. 23, to Friday, Feb.' appreciate the stage as much as they 26, where those not having done so do the movies and will appeal to will have their last chance to pay adults as well. The play was a fine these dues. climax to the work Miss Pierce has Mh eym t Might they be reminded that all done this season as director of the . Children's Theatre seniors failing to pay this fee will CTforfeit the right, among other things, to have their name printed in the - ---- Senior Announcementnbooklet pub- lished by that class; nor will these T E r EENsame people be allowed to purchase these announcements. Please cooperate with your class. Arnold Gross, Treasurer. AT THE MICHIGAN MORE THAN A SECRETARYc ADORE THAN A SECRETARY is cademic otices more than a poor picture, but not English 102, the Modern Novel, will a whole lot more. It has situations meet today at 11 am. in Room 1025 every now and again that are good, Angell Hall. and now and again the lines pack a J. L. Davis. hearty laugh and have definite pep. But on the whole the picture is flat History 11, sec. 31, Wednesday and. Exhibition of oil paintings by Karl Hofer, Alumni Memorial Hall, Feb. 1-21, 2-5 daily including Sundays. Events Of Today The Outdoor Club will hold a mixed splash party this evening at he Intramural Building. Any stu- dent interested is invited to attend. The group will meet at Lane Hall at 7:15 p.m. S.C.A. Members and Friends: Don't forget the informal dance at Lane Hall this evening from 9 until 12. Music by Jacob's orchestra. Refresh- ments and novelties. DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN Publication in the Bulletin is constructive notice to all members of the University. Copy received at the office of the Assistant to the Ptresident, until 3:30; 11:00 a.m. on Saturday. . a C r i i l Mr. Douglas On The Tari.. . A PPEARING before a subcommit- tee of the Senate Finance Com- mittee, this week, Lewis W. Douglas, former Di- rector of the Budget, presented an argument in behalf of Secretary Hull's policy of reciprocal tariff agreements in a manner worthy of Ed- mund Burke. We recommend that you look at the full text of his statement if you can, but because many of you may not, and because this view supported by the authority of Mr. Doug- las deserves widespread consideration, we "pre- sent here some of the arguments voiced in the statement. "The paternalism of our post-war policy, ex- pressed, up to 1932, principally in the form of special tariff privileges, is one of the important causes of our present difficulties and of- the diffi- culties which impend," declared Mr. Douglas. "Freedom of trade everywhere has been accom- panied by freedom of institutions. Thus those who believe in the freedom of institutions-bus- iness, education, religion, speech-should ap- plaud and support the efforts of the Secretary of State. They go to the very source of our present troubles. They should be continued." Mr. Douglas considers the effects of a policy of excessive protective tariffs under six heads: (1) On monetary policy; (2) On agriculture and the apparent existence of agricultural and industrial surpluses; (3) On monopolistic practices and the distri- bution of wealth;0 (4) On the growth of the public attitude that the government should distribute a great variety of special'privileges to favored groups;. (5) On the centralization of and increase in governmental power as a remedy for the exist- ence of private power which rests upon' special privilege and as a consequence of the dispensa- tion of government favors; (6) On the organization of the State for and threats of war. Limited by space, we present here Mr. Douglas' arguments on the first and the sixth counts. With regard to the effect of high tariffs on mon- etary policy, he says: "The United States emerged from the World War as a great creditor nation. Our foreign debtors, public as well as private, could not pay us except in gold or in goods. It was only by these two methods that they could buy the dollars necessary to service and reduce their debts. "By our tariff policy we made it impossible for them to meet their obligations by importing As Others See It l i , Athletics Vs. Scholarship (From The Daily Northwestern) TECHNICALLY SPEAKING, there is no such thing as an athletic scholarship at North- western University. If one were to go to the. athletic office at Patten gymnasium and ask for an application for such a scholarship, he would be toid that a financial grant of that nature did not exist. Nevertheless, each year thousands of dollars are spent drawing outstanding high school athletes to Evanston, and full scholar- ships, are given them as long as they continue to win letters. Grades mean little, but if the all-state prep star fails to deliver the goods ath- letically speaking, he soon finds himself on his own. On the other hand, freshmen entering with high scholastic records are almost without ex- ception given scholarships for only half tuition, and must attain very high averages each semes- 'ter in order to keep them. A student ranking in the upper one or two per cent of his graduating clasp is usually offered $150 with a "take it or leave it" attitude, while a bruising tackle or fullback from the same school, far below his classmate in scholastic ratings, is readily given the full $300. Thus, the rather startling conclusion may be reached that Northwestern, presumably argedu- cational institution, values athletic above scho- lastic ability in its students. We do not say that our university is the only school guilty of this view. That would be ridiculous. But we do say that Northwestern should spend less money in the intercollegiate race for athletic prestige and more money in the effort to give needy and worthy students the education they deserve. an-hour minimum, toward which the League has led the way. As a point of convenience, and at no little saving to the students availing themselves of it, the University operates a chemistry store. Where then can we cut our expenses? Perhaps at this time we are aware of a certain definite drag on the old purse -that is the purchase of books. Twice a year we invest in an expensive lot of texts; twice a year we attempt to sell the used ones - gaining for our trouble practically nothing. Every examination because it moves too slowly and ob- viously. Jean Arthur is an efficient business school teacher whose pupils go out and find romance in various offices about the town. George Brent is the dynamic editor of "Body and Brain"1 who practices his principles of eat- ing raw carrots. The two get to- gether, with Miss Arthur's being Mr. Brent's secretary-his efficient sec- retary and nothing more, try as she may. She saves the magazine from suffocating both itself and its read- ers by introducing bathing-suited girls to its illustrations, and she in- fluences the editor to realize he is a human being. But Mazie, an unbe- lieveably dumb peroxided secretary is the recipient of the advantages of Brent's transformation. Ofcourse, when the pendulum swings him away from his hard headed business and fanatical health principles, it swings him clear away, and Miss Arthur is called in for the rescue work, amid complications and a happy ending. Jean Arthur has turned into a good smart "comedienne" despite her background of sweetened ingenue roles It is not her fault the picture does not click. Neither is it George Brent's, and the dumb bleached "oth- er" secretary turns out some hilarious moments. The casting is not at fault, and frothier stories have been morel entertaining-which all boils down to the fact that the direction lacked pep, and the cutter did not use her sissors enough. Your Hit Parade, a traveling road show, is also on the bill of fare. It is about an hour of glorified girls in Hiawatha costumes, a trained seal, a danseuse, a couple of microphone comedians, and tap dancing with lassoes. It is neither Ziegfeld nor Major Bowes-it is simply another road show. Registration Totals Over 9,000 To Date, Registration fQr the second semes- mi- tntallnA 0 9A .ip- .-, vPC1+ rri Saturday at 10, will meet in Room 215 A.H. second semester. Concerts Choral Union Concert: Artur Schnabel, pianist, will be heard in the ninth Choral Union concert Tuesday evening, Feb. 23, in Hill Auditorium, at 8:15 o'clock. The public is respectfully requested to be seated on time as the doors will be closed during numbers. Carillon Recital: Wilmot F. Pratt, University Carillonneur, will give a recital on the Charles Baird Carillon in the Burton Memorial Tower, Sun- day afternoon, Feb. 21, at 4:15 p.m. Faculty Concert Postponed: The faculty concert announced for Sun- day afternoon, Feb. 21, has been postponed one week to Feb. 28, at the same hour, 4:15 p.m. Instead Mr. Pratt will give a carillon recital at that hour. Lectures Coming Events Union Coffee Hour, 4:30-5:30 p.m. laily, small ballroom, Michigan Union. Men students and faculty nembers are cordially invited. Life Saving, Women Students: The [Afe Saving class will meet on Tues- day at 8:30 p.m. at the Union Pool. Any student interested is invited to attend. Deutscher Verein: Meeting Mon- day, Feb. 22 at 8:15 p.m. in the Michigan Union for an evening of dancing and entertainment. Re- reshments will be served. Everybody nterested, especially members, are invited to attend. The Graduate Education Club will mleet in the University Elementary Library Tuesday, Feb. 23, at 4 p.m. Mr. Harry Nesman of the State De- partment of Public Instruction, Lan- sing, will speak on "Proposed Legis- Cation Affecting Education in Michi- gan." All graduate Education stu- dents are urged to be present. Suomi Club: A meeting will be held Sunday, Feb. 21, at 3 p.m. in the Upper Room, Lane Hall. Polonia Circle: There will be an im- portant meeting of Polonia Circle at 7:30 p.m. Tuesday, Feb. 23, at the League. All Polish, students are in- vited. Graduate Students: The Graduate luting Club will meet at Lane Hall Sunday, Feb. 21, at 2:30 p.m. for a rip to Scio for hiking, horseshoes 3,nd hilarity. All graduate students re invited to attend. Sigma Rho Tau and Stump Speak- er's Society picture for the 'Ensian will be taken Tuesday evening, Feb. 23, at the Union. Picture will be aken at 8 p.m. Members please see he notice in the reference room. Alpha Epsilon Mu: Very important meeting Sunday, Feb. 21, at $ p.m. in the Michigan League. Every mem- er must be present. Hillel Players: All those interested in working on scenery for the Hi lel play, "They Too Arise," come to the Laboratory Theatre Sunday, Feb. 21 at 2 p.m. Harris Hall, Sunday: There will be a celebration of the Holy Communion at 9:30 a.m. in the ghapel. Breakfast will be served following the service, The speaker at the Student meet- ing at 7 p.m. will be Mrs. Helen Gib- son Hogue, Mental Hygiene Counsel- lor of the Highland Park Public Schools and author of "Untying Apron Strings." All students and their friends are invited to attend. Saint Andrew's Episcopal Church, Services of worship; 8 a.m., Holy Communion 9:30 a.m., Church School. 11 a.m., Kindergarten. 11 a.m., Morning. prayer and ser mon by the Rev. Henry Lewis. Stalker Hall, Sunday: 9:45 a.m., Student Class led by Prof. Geo. Carrothers. Subject to be considered: "How to Read the Bible." 6 p.m. Wesleyan Guild meeting. Prof. Preston Slosson will speak on "Intelligence or War," Fellowship Hour and Supper following the meet- ing. All Methodist students and their friends are cordially invited to at- tend both of these meetings. First M14ethodist Church: 10:30 a.m. Morning worship. Dr. C. W. Bra- shares will preach on "The Christian Way." First Congregational Church, Sun- day. Allison Ray Heaps, minister. 10:45 a.m.; Service of worship, ser- mon by Mr. Heaps. Third in Lenten series, Subject "Teach Us to Pray." 6 p.m., Student Fellowship. Mr. Heaps will speak on "Religion and Mental Health" with special reference to the book by Dr. Link on "The Re- turn to Religion." 6 p.m., Ariston League. There will be a short business meeting followed by a discussion on "February's Hall |1 Oratorical Association Lecture Course: Capt. John D. Craig, noted deep sea diver and photographer, will speak in Hill Auditorium, Thursday, Feb. 25 at 8:15 p.m. on the subject "Diving Among Sea Kill-j ers." The lecture will be illustrated with his Motion Picture Academy prize-winning films. Tickets are now available at Wahr's State Street. book store. University Lecture: Prof. Alexan- der R. Hohlfeld, of the University of Wisconsin, will lecture on "Richard. Wagner, Dramatist," in English) on' Monday, March 1, at 8 p.m. in Na- tural Science Auditorium. The pub- lic is cordially invited. University Lecture: Prof Alexan- der R. Hohlfeld, of the University of Wisconsin, will lecture on "Der ir- dische Ausgang der Faustdichtung Goethes," tin German) on Tuesday, M nrf A.h 9 v qv4 -1 N oIn,',,1 C,-.