4

The Weatliet


#3*1k i!LU

Ilattij

Editorials
Government
Behind The Plow .

Fair today and tomorrow, con-
tinued cool.

VOL. XLVII No. 130 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, MARCH 30, 1937

PRICE FIVE CENTS

Auto Workers
And Chrysler
Consider Plan
To Open Plant
Seek Way To Send 80,000
Idle Men Back To Work
And Reopen Factories
Two Sides Are Split
By 'Very Few Words'
LANSING, March 29.-OP)-Rep-
resentatives of the Chrysler Corpor-
ation and the United Automobile
Workers of America considered new

Bowling Alley Boys
* Decide Their Work
Needs More Money
Dissatisfied with the guaranteed
wage of 80 cents per day on slack
days and an average of 20 cents per
hour on busy days, the 10 pin boys
at the Ann Arbor Recreation Bowling
Alleys, 605 E. Huron street sat down
about 9 p.m. Saturday and demanded
a raise of from 4 to 5 cents per game.
The pin boys had planned the
strike several days previously and it
was supposed to have been called
several days ago, but spokesmen
stated that when the time came to
stage it, the boys got cold feet. How-
ever, while an exhibition match was
being held Saturday, the boys sud-
denly put forth their demand.- I
"We added a stipulation that none
of us be fired," the spokesman stated.!
The appeased strikers were rather
proud of their new agreement and

proposals today for an agreement showed that it bore
that would reopen the strike closed Cassell's signature.
Ch nl n. ,t..c d nin d . ~ i will be allowed to

manager Herbert
The boys also
bowl three free

tryser pans an sen approx-
mately 80,000 idle workers back to
their benches.
They were proposals which Gov.
Frank Murphy asserted might pro-
vide a formula for settling not only
the Chrysler dispute "but the whole
labor situation in Michigan," and
"most of the difficulties in the motor
industry."
At least half a dozen different
forms of agreement already are un-
derstood to have been presented to
the opposing sides, but all have failed
of acceptance.
Recognition Claim Relaxed !
Governor Murphy, in whose offices!
the conferences have been held, has
said that a "very few words" separatet
the two sides. These words have to
do with the degree of recognitionI
that is to be accorded the union ast
bargaining agency for Chrysler work- t
ers.
Claiming to represent 59,000 ofe
the Corporation's 67,000 employes,I
the union demanded sole bargainingt
recognition, but receded slightly from
that stipulation during the 'six days
in which the conferences here have
been in progress. '
An authoritative source disclosed
that the union has asked that in lieul
of exclusive bargaining recognition
for all employes, the corporation
agree that any negotiations of agree-E
ments made with non-union Chrys-i
ler employees be submitted to U.A.W.
officials.
Representatives Hold Powers '
In some sources here it was inti-
mated that a final settlement, ifc
reached, might not be formally an-c
nounced until Lewis' return from]
New York, probably Wednesday or'
Thursday. Governor Murphy, how-
ever, asserted that "it is possible te
matter can be settled without Lewis."
Lewis also asserted upon his de-1
parture after an Easter Day session
here that the representatives he left
behind were empowered to sign a set-
tlement contract if one is reached.
Before going into today's initial
meeting, Homer Martin, Union pres-
ident, said a Supreme Court ruling
on the Wagner Labor Relations Act
"could have no possible bearing on
the Union's stand in the Chrysler
strike."
"This is not an interstate matter
We have a majority and the ma-
jority will prevail," he asserted.
General Strike
On BankWork
Is Threatened
A general strike by all workmen
employed at the remodeling of the
State Savings Bank was threatened
for this morning unless James A.
Moyne, general contractor for the
construction work, signs a closed
shop agreement for the job.
This ultimatum came last night
from William Lalond, businessagent
of the Carpenter's Unin for South-
eastern Michigan, after 12 carpenters
walked out late yesterday afternoon
in protest against the employment
of Foreman John Siler, Detroit, a
non-union worker.
Lalond said last night that unless
Siler joined the union or that unless
a union man replaced Siler, a gen-
eral walkout of all tradesmen, in-
cluding plumbers and electricians,
would occur this morning.
"We want a closed shop in order
that non-union labor from Detroit
will not be brought in for local jobs,"
Lalond said.
The Carpenters' Union is affiliated
with the American Federation of La-
bor.
Chicago Doctor Takes
Tir 11 C _ ±_2

$ ..... ., w; u ,..,., ,..,

games per day.


Contemporary
Presents -New
PrizeWritings
Three Freshman Hopwood
Winners Are Featured
By LiteraryMagazine,
Contemporary, the campus literary
magazine, is out today with an issue
that features three Hopwood Prize
winners besides poetry essays, and fic-
tion by other local writers, according
to Frances Carney, '37, co-editor.
H. Gordon Green, '40, is represent-
ed in the magazine by his essay, "My
Father and the University," judged
the best piece of writing in the fresh-
man Hopwood entries. "The Grand-
mother," which will be in the latest
contemporary, is another short story
by Harvey B. Swados, '40, whose story,
"The Amateurs" will be included in
Edward J. O'Brien's "Best Short
Stories of 1937."
The third in a series of articles on
education will be offered in this
months Contemporary, Miss Carney
said. It is written by Peter Macklin
and entitled, "Preface to a Program"
and offers some suggestions for 're-
vision of the university program. An-
other article on the subject of edu-
cation is "The Extra Curriculum" by
Marshall Shulman, '37. ' It is a dis-
cussion and criticism of extra cur-
ricular activities at Michigan.
Frank M. Conway, 40, Hopwood
prize winner, is among the five poets
that have contributed to this issue.
The issue also includes reviews
and editorials.
Play Will Feature
Peace Celebration
The one-act play "Voides in No-
vember" written by Norman Rosten,
Grad., will be produced in the Unionj
on April 22, Peace Day, it was an-
nounced yesterday.
Rosten, like Arthur Miller, author
of "They Too Arise," is here on a
scholarship of the New Play Bureau,
and wrote this play during his first
month of attendance at the Univer-
sity, after attending Peace Council
discussions.
The purpose of the play is to show
the original causes that precipitated
the modern organized protest against
war, according to Carl Nelson, di-
rector.
Try-outs will be held at 4 p.m. to-
day in Room 302 of the Union.

Union Invites
State Students
To Visit Here
Michigan's High School
Pupils Asked To Watch
University In Action
School Principals
To Receive Letters
High school students from every
town and city in Michigan will be
invited here Saturday, May 1, to par-
ticipate in the first annual Univer-
sity Day, which was announced yes-
terday by the Union.
Letters of invitation will be sent
to all state high school principals
today by officials of the Union, which
with the League and University ad-
ministration is sponsoring the one-
day program to introduce high school
students to the University.
As expressed by the invitation,
released yesterday by Frederick V.
Geib, '38, general chairman of the
program, the purpose of University
Day is "to introduce state high school
students to their own University of
Michigan; to provide first-hand in-
formation regarding entrance re-
quirements, scholarships, courses of-
fered, facilities, and extra-curricular
activities of the University: to pro-
vide a constructive and enjoyable
day."
Although the program has not
yet been completely planned, Geib
said that interviews with deans of
the various colleges and schools have
been arranged for the high school
students.
Negotiations to obtain facilities for
campus tours are now underway, he
said, and three Big Ten athletic
events and the annual spring foot-
ball scrimmage are scheduled for
that day. The University of In-
diana will meet Michigan in track,
and Ohio State University will meet
the Wolverines in baseball and golf.
The Women's Athletic Association
has arranged exhibitions in riding,
archery clock golf, volley ball, bad-
minton, baseball, tennis, horseshoes,
bowling and riflery. The association
will also sponsor a social hour at 3
p.m.
A luncheon will be given in the
Union, Geib said. Speakers have not
yet been announced.
Graduate Gets
$2,000 Rome
Academy Prize
Lester C. Houck, Grad., was award-1
ed the two year fellowship for clas-
sical study given annually by the
American Academy in Rome follow-
ing a nation wide competition, it was
announced by Dr. Roscoe Guernsey,
secretary of the Academy. The fel-
lowship is worth $2,000 a year.
Mr. Houck, who expects to complete
his doctoral dissertation on Byzantine
history in June, has been a Buhl Clas-
sical Fellow in the Graduate School
for the past two years. As an under-
graduate he was awarded the Simon
Mandelbaum fellowship. The basis
for the Academy fellowship is sub-
mitted papers and research work, and
corresponds to the Academy's annual
awards for work in fine arts.
During his studies abroad, Mr.
Houck plans to make trips to Greece
and Constantinople besides his regu-
lar course at Rome. Mr. Houck is
afiliated with Phi Beta Kappa and

I Phi Kappa Phi fraternities.1

Re-Examination of Adkins I
Case Results In Change
By Tribunal
Chief Justice Hughes
Reads Majority Vote
Says Labor Exploitation
Throws Direct Burden
On Community
(By The Associated Press)
The change in the Court's position
came about through a reexamination
of the precedent set in the Adkins
Case decision of 1922 in which the
tribunal declared a Federal law im-
posing minimum wages for women
workers in the District of Columbia
to be a violation of the due process
clause of the Constitution.
"The principle which must control
our decision is not in doubt," said
Chief Justice Hughes reading the
majority opinion. "The Constitu-
tional provision invoked is the due
process clause of the Fourteenth
Amendment governing the states, as
the due process clause invoked in the
Adkins case governed Congress.
Nd Absolute Liberty
"In each case, the violation al-
leged by those attacking minimum
wage regulation for women is de-
privation of freedom of contract.
What is this freedom? The Constitu-
tion does not speak of freedom of
contract. It speaks of liberty and
prohibits the deprivation of liberty
without due process of law.
"In prohibiting that deprivation
the Constitution does not recognize
an absolute and uncontrollable lib-
erty. Liberty in each of its phases'
has its history and connotation. But
the liberty safeguarded is liberty in a
social organization which requires
the protection of law against the
evils which menace the health, safety,
morals and welfare of the people.
Community Not Bound
"Liberty under the Constitution is
thus necessarily subject to the re-
straints of due process of law and
regulation which is reasonable in re-
lation to its subject and is adopted
in the interests of the community is
due process.
"This essential limitation of liberty
in general governs freedom of con-
tract."
Turning to a brief discussion of the
economic considerations involved,
Justice Hughes noted that the "ex-
ploitation of a class of workers," re-
ferring to women, casts "a direct bur-
den on the community." He added:
"What these workers lose in wages
the taxpayers are called upon to pay.
the community is not bound to
provide what is in effect a subsidy
for unconscionable employers."
Plan Student Rally
To Back Court Bill
A nation-wide student rally move-
ment sponsored by the American
Student Union, occuring simultan-
eously on 150 campuses of the United
States at noon on April 13, will sup-
port the President's move to enlarge
the Supreme Court, it was disclosed
yesterday.
In an attempt to disprove the i-
pression that campuses through "a
handful of students" are opposed to
"liberal action of the Supreme
Court," Joseph P. Lash, executive
secretary of the American Student
Union explained, the nation-wide ac-
tion was initiated.
Committee members of the Ameri-
can Student Union, after journeying
through all parts of the country, ex-
pressed the belief that the over-

whelming majority of students fa-
vor the President's court proposal and
will also support attempts to obtain
more far-reaching legislation through
an amendment giving Congress the
power to pass social legislation.
Concert Will Be Given
By Lyra Male Chorus

Buyer Is Unable To Judge1
Proper Value Of Goodst
Closely, Horner Says t
EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the first ofj
a series of articles dealing with thef
position of the consumer.
By TUURE TENANDER1
Definite action by legislators andr
the consumer himself is necessary if
the "underdog position in which thet
consumer finds himself" is to be bet-
tered, in the opinion of Robert R.x
Horner of the economics department.r
"Thbre exists a great number of
reasons for the inability of the con-
sumer to get his or her money's worth
in buying, whether it is a special pur-
chase of something costly or an
everyday household article," Mr.'
Horner said. "The complexities of
marketing as well as the extravagant
claims put forth by some advertisers
serve to confuse the consumer into
purchases that are in many cases al-
most wholly misdirected."
Consumers Can't Specialize
The first factor that makes for dif-
ficulty in consumption, Mr. Horner
continued, is the inability of the
consumer to specialize. The house-
wife is not in a position to become
thoroughly familiar with any one or
two articles but must purchase an in-
finite variety of goods, he said, caus-
ing a rather sketchy knowledge of the
values of the many things she must
procure. This is an important consid-
eration, for women are responsible
for over 80 per cent of all retail sales,
he added. "Despite this fact, wives
are chosen particularly for their skill
in buying," he said.
The second reason cited by Mr.
Loyalists Open
Drive To Save
Minin Region
MADRID, March 29.-(P)-Gov-
ernment troops forged ahead tonight
far south of the capital in a sharp
drive to relieve insurgent pressure on
the gateway to the mercury and coal
mines of Ciudad Real Province.
Semi-official reports from the
Cordoba front, southwest of Ciudad
Real, said government forces fought
their way into outlying districts of
Alcaracejos during a fierce battle
which raged all day.
Capture of Alcaracejos, west of
Pozoblanco, would force the insur-
gents to retire southward and relieve
insurgent pressure on Pozoblanco,
key to Ciudad Real's rich mining re-
gion.
Meanwhile, northeast of the capital
on the Guadalajara front, govern-
ment forces were reported officially
to have stormed and captured a
strategic hill on the banks of the
Henares River.
The hill dominates the road to
Cogulludo, important insurgent-held
town north fo Guadalajara and west
of the Madrid-Aragon highway.

Consumer Is Called 'Underdog'
Who Requires Protective Action

Horner is the great complexity of
the goods available in the market.
"There are so many brands of all ar-
ticles that it has become increasing-
ly difficult for the purchaser to know
just which brand is the most satis-
factory," he said. "Besides, it is dif-
ficult for the consumer to measure
his wants. A business man can
measure his activities by the amount
of profit he can make on an opera-
tion, but it is a more difficult story
when one has to decide in what man-
ner the wants of a family can best be
met."
Unwise Consumption Cited
Unwise consumption is another
relevant reason for the consumer's
"Insufficient return," according to
(Continued on Page 2)
Socialist Party
Attacks AF L,
Endorses C10
Convention Urges Lewis
Be Unanimously Backed
By Its Members
CHICAGO, March 29.-(R)~-The
National Socialist Party, in special
convention here, late today indorsed
the Committee for Industrial Or-
ganization and urged its members
to support unanimously the new la-
bor movement headed by John L.
Lewis.
Terming the CIO "one of the most
significant developments in the
American labor movement," a reso-
lution adopted by the convention
charged that the executive council of
the American Federation of Labor,
"jealous of their interests, . . . took
organizational steps in order to de-
stroy this progressive tendency."
Suspension of CIO unions, the res-
olution stated, "created the danger
of a split in the American labor
movement."
The resolution was adopted behind
closed doors and the vote was not
announced.
A letter of William Green, pres-
ident of the A. F. of L., to the central
labor bodies, recommending suspen-
sion of CIO locals, increased this
danger, the resolution set forth.
The party voted its opposition to
national, state and local suspensions.
In the automobile and steel strikes,
the Socialists charged, the A. F. of L.
"played a disruptive role by fight-
ing recognition of unions as the
sole bargaining agencies for the
workers."
WEDDING DATE SET
WILMINGTON, Del., March 29.-
IOP)-Miss Ethel du Pont will be the
June bride of Franklin D. Roosevelt,
Jr., son of the President and Mrs.
Roosevelt, in picturesque Christ
Church founded by the du Ponts a
century ago. The wedding date,
June 30, was announced today by
her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Eugene
du Pont.

Washington's Law Setting
Lowest Rate For Pay
Of WomenApproved
Reversal Is Made
By Justice Roberts
Court's Five To Four Vote
Expected To Alter View
On President's Plan
WASHINGTON, March 29.-()-
The Supreme Court changed its po-
sition on a fundamental issue today
and, by a five to four decision, upheld
the right of the states to prescribe
minimum wages for women.
Its verdict, long awaited, injected
a new element into the turbulent de-
bate over the President's plan to in-
crease the size of the tribunal unless
the older justices retire, the poten-
tialities of which could not be meas-
ured tonight.
Coming at a time when the Sen*
ate was engaged in a heated debate
over that very issue, the Court's de-
cision served only to enhance the
tension and apparently stiffen the
determination of both sides of the
controversy.
Former Decisions Changed
Fourteen years ago the Supreme
Court invalidated a DistrictofCo-
lumbia minimum wage law for
women. Less than a year ago, the
Court, by a five to four decision,
declared New York's law unconsti-
tutional. Today, it sustained a sim-
ilar statute from the State of Wash-
ington.
Associate Justice Roberts, long
recognized as a balance of power
on the Court, voted against the New
York law last year and for the Wa h-
ington statute today.
In his latter action, he left the
Court's "conservative" bloc of Mc-
Reynolds, Sutherland, Van Devanter,
and Butler. For them Associate Jus-
tice Sutherland read an indignant
dissent, obviously aimed directly at
the proponents of the President's bill.
Railroad Labor Act Upheld
"If the Constitution, intelligently
and reasonably construed ... stands
in the way of desirable legislation,
he blame must rest upon that in-
strument, and not upon the Court
for enforcing it according to its
terms," said Sutherland. "The rem-
edy in that situation-and the only
true remedy-is to amend the Con-
stitution."
In addition to the minimum wage
decision, the Court upheld, unani-
mously, the new Frazier-Lemke farm
mortgage moratorium act-reenact-
ed to accord with a prior decision de-
claring its forerunner unconstitu-
tional-and, also unanimously, sus-
tained the Railroad Labor Act, in-
tended to bulwark collective bargain-
ing on the railroads.
With the Senate already engaged
in a spirited debate on the Court is-
sue, Senator Robinson, the Dero-
cratic leader, announced the decision
on the Washington law to his col-
leagues with a shouted assertion
that:
To Pass On Social Security
"The Court has completely re-
versed itself."
Besides its decisions today, and a
forthcoming opinion on the Wagner
Labor Relations Act, the Supreme
Court agreed today to pass judgment
this term on another major enact-
met-the social security program.
Sutherland's dissent noted a phrase
of Hughes to the effect that the Ad-
kins case should be reexamined be-
cause of "the economic conditions
which have supervened," and said:
"The meaning of the Constitution
does not change with the ebb and
flow of economic events."
Texas Blast Caused
SBy Electric Switch

Sup reme Court Reverses Stand
On State Minimum Wage Right,
e

Epicurus And Lucretius Kniew
About Atoms 2,000 Years Ago,

State Bill To Fight Delinquency
Among Children Hailed By Carr

By ROBERT PERLMAN;
The atomic theory is not new. The
idea that matter is composed of "pri-
mary particles" was advanced more;
than 2,000 years ago by Epicurus, the
Greek philosopher, and Lucretius, the
Latin poet, according to Dr. Frank 0.
Copley of the Latin department and
Prof. Ernest F. Barker of the physics
department.
"Nothing from nothing ever yet
was born," a quotation from Lucre-
tius, appears at the entrance to the
main exhibition hall of the Museum
Building. But the real statement of
the atomic theory appears in "De
Rerum Natura," Lucretius poetic pre-
sentation of the Epicurean philo-
snnhv in the nassage "There are

as they did to the theories accepted
today," Professor Barker declared.
Epicurus, who lived about 300 B.C.,
adopted the ideas of Democritus, his
predecessor in Greek philopsophy,
and maintained that only that is
reality which can either be verified
by human perception or which does
not contradict human observation,
Dr. Copley said. The atomic theory,
which even allowed for chance as a
law of nature, released man from the
terrors of supernatural religion, Dr.
Copley continued. According to Ep-
icurus even the soul is a corporeal
aggregate of atoms and at death the
soul is dissolved like the body and
therefore man need have no fear for
the future, he explained.

By ROBERT WEEKS
A plan to reduce crime and in-
sanity in Michigan by statewide
treatment of behavior maladjust-
ments in children before the abena-
tions become chronic, is now pend-
ing in the State Senate, according to
Prof. Lowell J. Carr of the sociology
department.
Entitled the Orr Plan, it is being
proposed in the Palmer Flynn Bill,
Professor Carr said. If this bill is
enacted, it would provide Michigan
with an organization for crime-pre-
vention work that would be superior
to that of any state in the union,
Professor Carr said.
The Palmer Flynn Bill offers a
program of prevention aimed at (1)

the purpose of inquiring into the
causes of child delinquency, of im-
proving methods of treatment in
cases of delinquent, dependent, ne-
glected and defective children and/or
coordinating the work of public and
private agencies in examining and
caring for such children."
Two reasons for the Orr plan were
cited by Professor Carr. The first
of these is that if problem children
are untreated (and it is estimated
that from 27,000 to 100,000 children
in Michigan, from the ages of 5 to 17,
need expert help if they are to have
'any chance to live happy and suc-
cessful lives) they will grow up to
fill insane asylums, correctional
schools and prisons.

a
1
1
,T
e
a
,z

WASHINGTON, March 29.-GP)-
An Agriculture Department investi-
gator reported today the New Lon-
don, Texas, school explosion resulted
from ignition of accumulated gas by
a spark from an electric sanding ma-
chine switch.
Dr. David J. Price, explosion ex-
pert of the Bureau of Chemistry and.
Soils, disclosed this finding in a pre