GE FOUR

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

FRIDAY, OCT. 2, 1936


THE MICHIGAN DAILY

1936 Membr 1937
Associaled GoUe6dae Press
Distributors of
Coite6iate Diest
Published every morningexcept Monday during the
University year and Summer Session by the Board in
Control of Student Publications.
Member of the Associated Press
The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use
for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or
not otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of
republication of all other matter herein also reserved.
Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan as
second class mail matter.
Subscriptions during regular school year by carrier,
$4.00; by mail, $4.50.
Representatives: National Advertising Service, Inc., 420
Chicago, Ill.
Madison Ave., New York City; 400 N. Michigan Ave.,
Board of Editors
MANAGING EDITOR .................ELSIE A. PIERCE
ASSOCIATE EDITOR ............FRED WARNER NEAL
ASSOCIATE EDITOR ........MARSHALL D. SHULMAN
George Andros Jewel Wuerfe Richard Hershey
Ralph W. Hurd Robert Cummins Clinton B. Conger
Departmental Boards
Publication Department: Elsie A. Pierce, Chairman;
Tuure Tenander, Robert Weeks.
Reportorial Department: Fred Warner Neal, Chairman;
Ralph Hurd, William E. Shackleton, William Spaller.
Editorial Department: Marshall D. Shulman, Chairman;
Robert Cummins, Arnold S. Daniels, Joseph S. Mattes,
Mary Sage Montague.
Wire Editors: Clinton B. Conger, Richard G. Hershey,
associates; I. S. Silverman.
Sports Department: George J. Andros, Chairman; Fred
DeLano and Fred Buesser, associates, Raymond Good-
man, Carl Gerstacker, Clayton Hepler, Richard La-
Marca..
Women's Department: Jewel Wuerfel, Chairman: Eliza-
beth M. Anderson, Elizabeth Bdngham, Helen Douglas,
Margaret ;Hamilton, Barbara J. Lovell, Katherine
Moore, Betty Strickroot, Theresa Swab.
Business Department
BUSINESS MANAGER ..................JOHN R. PARK
ASSOCIATE BUSINESS MANAGER .WILLIAM BARNDT
WOMEN'S BUSINESS MANAGER.......JEAN KEINATH
Departmental Managers
Jack Staple, Accounts Manager; Richard Croushore, Na-
tional Advertising and Circulation Manager; Don J.
Wilkher, Contracts Manager; Ernest A. Jones, Local
Advertising Manager; Norman Steinberg, Service
Manager; Herbert Falender, Publications and Class-
fed Advertising Manager.
NIGHT EDITOR: I. S. SILVERMAN
Can't
3SERVED Doremus Jessup, lib-
cral-bminded hero of Sinclair Lew-
is' novel "It Can't; Happen Here," as he saw
fascist dictators in America imprisoning and
,nurdering Communists: "If these Fascists are
against the Communists,I have to be for them,
And, doggone it, I don't want to be."
That is something of the way we feel about the
stupid arrest of Earl Browder, Communist can-
,didate for the presidency, by Terre Haute, Ind.,
officials.
The Daily, as many another newspaper in the
United States, comes militantly to thedefense
of Mr. Browder, not because he is a Communist
but more in spite of it. Our attitude on Com-
munism has been stated. We have long con-
tended that the choice today lies between democ-
racy on the one hand and dictatorship, with both
Communism and Fascism on the other; not, as
Mr. Browder says, between democracy and Fas-
cism, or, as he used to say, between Fascism and
Communism.
In short we are opposed to Communism in
theory and practice, and, as a result, offer no
support to Communists. But, as was the case
with Sinclair Lewis' Doremus Jessup, if these
un-American and reactionary forces, such as in
Terre Haute, insist in attempting to deprive
Communists of their due rights as citizens of
the United States, and since they continue to
persecute them and make mockery of free speech
and assembly, we find that we must support
them.
As we have oft repeated on this page, the best
attitude toward Communists, as Lincoln Steffens
used to say, is to "let 'em communize." And the
sooner the officials in all the Terre Hautes in
America realize it the better.
We still think Mr. Browder's remark that his
arrest is a "sign of Hitlerism" is a little strong.
But certainly it is not a sign of democracy and
Americanism. It is a case, more or less, of a
Black Legion with official sanction.

The Isue Of Peace in
Ihe( National Campaign .
A GREAT MANY ISSUES are being
raised in the current political
campaign, some real, others imaginary, but one
issue has been systematically avoided by both
the major parties.
That issue is America's arms policy.
Both Landon and Roosevelt committed them-
selves to policies opposed to war-Landon a few
weeks ago in Buffalo and the President in his
"I hate war" speech at Chautauqua. In the ap-
proved political style each proceeded in the most
general statements-with many references to our
forefathers-to denounce war. Yet neither pro-
posed a specific program for peace.
America today is arming at the greatest peace-

Perhaps it is because we have let our "national
defense" drop to a dangerous level as President
Roosevelt said last winter in an address at West
Point. But in an article in the February issue
of Harper's Oswald Garrison Villard pricks this
hypothesis by showing that ever since 1913-
except for a short period after the World War,
before we returned to peacetime normality-ex-
penditures for arms have been increasing rather
than dropping year by year.
Perhaps we are arming so heavily to keep pace
with the other nations of the world? But here
again-we are unsuccessful in finding an explana-
tion. The total expenditures of each great power
for army, navy and air forces, mounded as fol-
lows between the years 1913 and 1936 (according
to Gerald P. Nye, senator from North Dakota):
Great Britain, $375,100,000 to $592,100,000;
France, $348,700,000 to $662,000,000; Japan, $95,-
500,000 to $280,000,000; Italy, $179,100,000 to
$400,000,000; and Russia, $447,700,000 to $665,-,
000,000.
"Quite an increase," says Senator Nye, "aver-
aging for all major powers about 40 per cent.
But your peace-loving Uncle Sam has increased
his war budget 197 per cent from 1913-from
$244,600,000 to $727,700,000 in 1930, $821,000,000
in 1935, and beyond the billion mark in 1936."
What about Japan? According to Hearst and
several sensational tabloids like the New York
Daily News we are in danger of an attack from
Japan. Now just what has the United States
to fear from Japan? President Roosevelt when
Assistant Secretary of the Navy wrote an article
in the magazine Asia pointing out that there
is no danger of a conflict with Japan and that
in the event of such a war neither nation would
be able to win a decisive victory. And, finally,
the danger of war between Japan and the
United States is nothing more than an appre-
hensive habit of mind.
Then why all these expenditures? Are we go-
ing to maintain a belief that the best way to
keep out of war is by preparing for it? The gi-
gantic arms race that took place in Europe
before the World War proved the futility of pre-
paredness as an instrument of peace. Moreover,
the militaristic spirit a large armed force en-
genders and the fear, distrust, and suspicion it
produces in other nations are more aids to war
than preventatives. For strange as it may seem
to those of us who have no doubts as to Amer-
ica's peaceful intentions, Jaan's jingoes have
bred a fear in the Japanese people that the
United States is going to attack Japan.
And the truth, according to Senator Nye, "is
that our military plans are not built up and
financed on a reasonable basis of true national
defense-to enable us to repulse any foe that
might be foolish enough to attack us-but rather
around blueprints which the army and navy have
been carefully laying out for ten years. And
make no mistake: These blueprints call for the
transportation of 3,000,000 men across thousands
of miles of deep blue ocean to fight in the name
of national defense, in someone else's waters and
on someone else's land."
~Yet in the three years -Roosevelt has been
passing his military appropriations bills marked
"must" through a docile Senate, at times with-
out a recorded vote, no determined protest has
arisen to demand a justification of these expen-
ditures. He has, however, been responsible for
sound Pan-American peace policies and encour-
aged international trade agreements.
Landon, by disregarding the billion dollar ad-
dition to the budget in his expense-cutting cam-
paign, lends silent acquiescence to the armament
program. Moreover, by advocating a reduction
of trade agreements, a higher tariff wall, and
what amounts to economic isolationism (though
he disavows the term), Landon furthers a policy
inimical to world peace.
Still, no specific suggestions of a peace pro-
gram have been heard from these two men,
despite considerable amounts of rhetoric on the
subject.
I TIIE FORUM)
4re These Items Read?

To the Editor:
In The Daily for September 30 there were at
least eleven articles on politics or on matters of
political importance. These with their headings
occupied something like six and a half news col-
umns and two-and a half editorial columns. The
average daily paper carries a vast amount of this
kind of news, not as fairly selected nor as in-
telligently discussed as that which is printed by
our own student publication. Are these items
generally read? How are they interpreted?
Knox implied that the banks and insurance
companies are in danger. Is he right? Would
the election of Landon and himself remedy the
situation? How? Heneman is quoted as saying
that devaluation of the franc was inevitable.
Why? What other inevitabilities can be foreseen,
at home or abroad? When? Where? Two oppos-
ing points of view are fighting it out in Spain and
one will eventually be in power. Which? We have
news of our own sociological phenomenon, the
Black Legion. What is its significance? Presi-
dent Roosevelt said "The true conservative seeks
to protect the system of private property and
free enterprise by correcting such injustices and
inequalities as arise from it." It was a great
speech. Do you agree with him? Pollock thinks
that good government is needed and that the
way to have it is by getting men (who do not
have to earn a living) to. be public spirited and
supervise the elimination of politics in the run-
ning of our political state. How about it? They
have martial law in Palestine. Are the Jews
to blame for the world's troubles? How about- the
sincerity of a Norman Thomas? Perhaps we
can find out from the Digest which way the

BENEATH
***** *IT ALL
o-B--dy Both Willia mss; -w
SOME TIME AGO a prominent campus sorority
sent a typical rushing blank to an alumna
asking her to recommend a rushing prospect. The
letter pursued the woman over most of the
United States and Europe, and finally a reply
postmarked Paris, arrived back in Ann Arbor.
The first part of the form concerning name
and address has been left blank. Then Miss
Paris Alumnae begins:
Where the blank says 'Her Scholarship,' it has
been changed to 'Her Intelligence.' Where 'her
social standing' is demanded, the word 'charm'
is substituted, with the additional remark,I
"standing is just a bit crude."
In the space left for the number of younger
sisters which the prospect has, she has written
in a respectful hand, "Just what has this to do'
with the girl?" At the bottom of the blank there
are several lines on which are to be written the
names of relatives which the prospect may have
in the sorority. Instead, Miss Paris has re-
marked: "The fewer she has of them the better,
I should think from former fights I remember."
In answer to the question of the girl's religion
is written in: "Isn't this just a bit fascist?"
On the other side of the rushing form is a note:
Rue Jean Bologne
Paris, France.
I don't suppose I would have answered this
except for the item 'her religion'-America
and Americans have always been very dear
to me and the three years spent in your
house a delightful memory that I can't bear
to have changed in any way. It's a mis-
choice of words probably, but they don't
become when you are still so young. They
are priggish and narrw-minded. Neither a
person's religion, race, or social standing
should in any way color, favorably or un-
favorably herself.
Forgive my speaking out. You are so beau-
tifal, you American girls-in spirit, in phy-
sique, and in mind too. Don't let the fear
that seems to be invading the middle-aged
of your country get you. Life is so exciting,
and so are people, if you: meet it with open
arms. Drop in and see me if ever you come
to Paris. This came after weeks of pere-
grinations by the looks of the envelope on my
breakfast tray. Greetings and a successful
season.
* * * * .
If this letter evokes a storm of protest, or on
the other hand only a shrug of the shoulders,
it should certainly serve to show the sheer asin-
inity of the questionnaires sent out by both fra-
ternities and sororities about prospective fresh-
men. I think that the lady from France has very
adequately proved that. Thank you for your
letter, madame. It is evident that your fo$
years at Michigan were not wasted.
to contribute a series of articles. An attempt
will be made to lay down a background which
seems to make clear a high degree of correla-
tion between the events which have called forth
these varied news items and expressions of opin-
ion. Intelligent answers to questions like these
asked seem vitally important and should be stim-
ulated by intelligent discussion. If there should'
be question of the intelligence shown in the
series proposed, there should be available plenty
of ability to controvert the reasoning used.
-UVW.
The Gripes Of Thersites.
To the Editor:
We happily noticed in this morning's Daily
that its columns are open to all comers, espe-
cially in re the campaign. We aren't very inter-
ested in the campaign. We see by the New
Republic that Roosevelt will win, and now we
are happy, because for a while there we were
somewhat scared by the threat of Willie Hearst's

ugly puss hiding behind Alf's beatific visage
Though we are comparatively settled down now
in the familiar life of this academy we have a
few gripes that we'd like to get off our chests
before we retire to the lower study halls for the
winter.
GRIPES
No. 1. The amazing looking, loud caricatures
masquerading as the class of 1940.
No. 2. The horror of Mr. Baird's (or is it Bur-
ton's) folly, threatening all peaceful cit-
izen's souls with its black irridescence
and its promise of early morning noise.
(We realize it will soon be covered with
neo-gothic stones, but the question is,
will be we able to sleep of a Sunday morn-
ing?)
No. 3. The numerically inadequate staff at the
NYA office, making it necessary to wait
in line for hours for the reward of an
impossibly short interview, and not
enough money.
No. 4. All the other gripes of former years_-
breakfast at the Parrot, the high price of
books, the high price of rooms, nearly all
graduate students, etc., etc. Fill in the
rest for yourself.
Michigan has changed in many .ways. We look
forward to a stimulating year. There are some.
new profs on campus who augur great stuff;
if the summer Daily is any measure of anything,
the news will be tastefully presented and neatly
interpreted. The Van Gogh exhibition will come
to Detroit, if war doesn't come soon we'll all be
out of breath (we have been waiting for it
with bated breath), the Art Cinema League will
have a swell season, the varsity will turn in
moral victorie-the camnus radica~l lregan

T HE following article was written by
Alvan E. Duerr and Charles Ger-
stenberg for Banta's Greek Exchange,
and is a summary 'of the section on
Fraternities in the Survey of Social
Life in Dartmouth.
Intellectual Factors
Commendation
If fraternities succeed in the social
purposes which they consider their
proper field of effort, then their
failure to provide leadership in the
intellectual life should not be reck-_
oned a serious crime.
Censure
1. In intellectual interest the ef-
fect of membership in a fraternity
seems to be neither favorable nor ad-
verse, but negligible.
2. The inferior standing of fra-
ternity men as a group is due to
the emphasis which fraternities place
on attractive personality instead of
specialized ability.
3. The fraternity does not im-
prove the intellectual life of its in-
competent scholars, but offers them
social satisfactions which keep them
in college.
4. Fraternities do little in the way
of intellectual leadership.
5. Fraternities sacrifice members'
cultural interests for the sake of
group campus prestige, in extra-cur-
ricular activities and honors.
Recommendations
1. Each fraternity should be re-
quired to cooperate in facilitating and
maintaining, a decent minimum
standard of intellectual attainment
by:
a. Maintenance of a scholastic
chapter standing equal to the aver-
age of the three upper classes.
b. Intolerance of all practices
conducive to dishonest academic
work.
c. Reasonable provision in fra-
ternity houses for privacy and op-
portunity for study.
d. A tradition of respect for
intelligence as a social asset rather
than a liability.
2. The fraternity should strength-
en in every possible way the favor-
able influence of fraternity life upon
intellectual and cultural activity by:
a. Holding frequent and infor-
mal discussions led by men of ma-
turity and experience.
b. Promoting musical and dra-
matic interests in the fraternity.
c. Improving house libraries.
d. Discouraging excessive week-
ending and over-cutting.
e. Protecting the time and en-
ergy of brothers in scholastic dif-
ficulties.
3. We are not ready to recommend
resident tutors, but we recommend
the principle, and hope that the pos-
sibility will be considered by those
who are responsible for fraternity
life.
Social Factors
Commendation
1. Loyalty to the college is no less
strong on account of membership in
fraternities.
2. Loyalty to the group within the
house is largely satisfactory, but less
so as the groups increase in size.
3. Cooperation is fair within the
fraternity; less good outside.
4. Fraternities are preponderantly
social rather than anti-social.
5. Fraternities tend to foster de-
mocracy through providing oppor-
tunities for close association between
men of varying circumstances. Fra-
ternities do not exclude men in poor
financial circumstances because they
are poor, but operate toexclude them
as fraternity expenses remain high.
6. The rushing season increases
house solidarity.
7. Initiation, sports, and residence
in the house are good agents of amal-
gamation, and hence a source of
wider and deeper loyalty.
8. Membership tends to promote
self-confidence, and social self-con-
fidence oftenhas a notable effect on
personality.

9. There are few damaged person-
alities among the non-fraternity men
because of exclusion from the sys-
tem.
10. The fraternities offer a good
opportunity for individuals who wish
to push themselves into responsible
positions, and especially for good but
hesitant men to be pushed into such
positions.
11. The fraternity offers unlimited
projects demanding leadership.
12. Fraternities encourage young-
er men to participate in activities.
13. Fraternities promote the for-
mation of friendships. Fraternal sta-
tus makes no important difference
in the distribution of a man's friends.
14. The fraternity house is con-
c sidered the most satisfactory resi-
dence; membership, with residence
elsewhere, is next; non-membership
and residence in a dormitory comes
third.
15. Contact between upper- and
lower-classmen is most satisfactory
in fraternities.
16. There are more facilities foi
games and diversions in fraternities,
and there is better organization and
more enjoyment of intramurals.
17. There is a potential advantage
to fraternities in respect to faculty
contacts.
18. Fraternities have a hi nd

tem or on any traditions.
2. Fraternities are notoriously re-
luctant to take issue with an indi-
vidual member with regard to con-
duct. Chapters assume that each
member has a right to determine his
own course of conduct, regardless of
its effects on the chapter or its re-
lationship to former chapter ideals.
3. Moral principles and strong
character do not necessarily result
from the fraternity set up at Dart-
mouth. Character building is not de-
liberately undertaken as a function
of fraternities. Little is done to
change attitudes of carelessness in
manners, actions, and appearance.
4. There is a lamentable failure to
conform to a certain minimum stand-
ard of good taste, and the fraternity
does not take the initiative to im-
prove this condition.
5. There is little evidence that
fraternities promote normal associa-
tion with women, recreational read-
ing, opportunities for the develop-
ment of hobbies, or privacy. Less pri-
vacy is available in the fraternity
house than in a dormitory, and dis-
tinctly less than in a private room-
ing house.
6. Conversation in a fraternity
house is undoubtedly pleasant, on the
whole, and some of it may be stim-
ulating.
7. Fraternities are in no way ef-
fective in giving men an incentive for
staying in town over week-ends.
8. The ritual is intended to pro-
mote loyalty, but it is not universally
considered to be impressive or effec-
tive.
9. Loyalty to individual men does
not come anywhere near what is con-
templated in the fraternity rituals
and ideals. Mutual support exists to
some degree in fraternity life, but it
is doubtful whether self-sacrifice on
behalf of fraternity brothers is a fre-
quent occurrence.
10. The present rushing and
pledging system is bad in its un-
natural formalities and in its arti-
ficial complexity. The whole 1-is-
tory of fraternities has shown - an'
amazing sequence of unqualified fail-
ures to operate on a basis of mutual
honor and confidence in their rush-
ing activities.
11. There is very little evidence
that fraternities provide alumni or
faculty contacts which undergrad-
uates would consider of any value
for, the formation of friendships.
Alumni contacts are given little valueJ
in fraternity life, and alumni support
is negligible.1
Recommendatios
It seems reasonable to suggest that
a social group in the undergraduate
body that enjoys the privilege of run-
ning its own affairs without close'
college supervision should assume
some responsibility for its actions as '
a body, for the actions of its mem-
bers, and for the influence that it'
has on the individuals who make up
its membership.
1. Chapters should not exceed fifty
men. This will result in a more dis-
criminating selection of members.
will increase solidarity, loyalty, and
opportunity to derive benefit from
membership, and should increase the
quality of friendship available.
2. The ritual should be reexam-
ined to give it additional significance
in keeping with the objectives and at-
titudes of the group.
3. Meetings should be devoted to
a discussion of plans and projects
in which members believe, agd which
would both interest them and would
contribute to their character, per-
sonality, and enjoyment.
4. Each chapter should have lefi-
nite standards to guide it in the se-
lection of new members.
5. Definite arrangements should
be made to insure that new members
will be properly assimilated into the
group.
6. More contact with persons of
maturity and experience should be
provided.
7. Two or more fraternities should

Report Advises Fraternities
To Sever National Bondsl

engage more frequently in common
projects, with the resulting benefits
of such cooperation.
8. Chapters should assume more
responsibility for the social life of
non-fraternity men by extending oc-
casional hospitality.
9. There should be a more con-
scious effort to assume 'and to en-
courage leadership in any matter af-
fecting the college.
10. There should be a more con-
scious effort in chapters to help mem-
bers to remove defects of personality
which militatesagainst their success.
11. Chapters should take pride in
creating and maintaining an atmo-
sphere of good taste in their social
life.
12. Regular meetings of all chap-
ter advisers should be arranged that
good methods may be pooled and
common problems discussed.
13. That the Interfraterinity
Council should assume more respon-
sibility.
14. That a college officer should
be appointed and have responsibility
for supervising the fraternities as to
their finances, chapter programs, liv-
ing conditions, morale, etc.
Economic And Physical
Factors
Recommendations
1. Each house should have a full-
time, janitor, and student assistance
should not be allowed.
2. All houses should be modern
and accord with a standard accept-,
able to the college.
3. Each chapter should report
promptly any case of illness in its
house.
4. Groups such as the fraternities
have great usefulness on the campus,
and should have more help from
the college, both financially and su-
pervisory.
National Affiliation
Commendation
1. A fine reputation of the na-
tional, organization strengthens the
local group.
2. The self-confidence of indivi-
dual members is affected by the ac-
cepted reputation of their national
organization.
3. The added bond of national af-
filiation contributes toward loyalty to
the fraternal group.
4. National affiliation contributes
toward establishing a satisfactory
home life to the extent that it as-
sists in building and furnishing ,chap-
ter houses.
5. Membership in a national fra-
ternity provides occasional pleasant,
but usually superficial, contacts with
members in other colleges. -It fre-
quently provides useful business and
professional contacts after college.
Censure
1. If the claim of the national
fraternities in regard to their influ-
ence on the scholastic achievements
of undergraduate members, upon
their morals, upon their character,
and upon their general attitude to-
ward college life and life outside, are
distinctly out of line with :what are
their actual accomplishments in these
respects, as the committee beheves
to be the case, then the continuation
of national affiliations at Dartmouth
is not creating conditions favorable
to the best approach to the highest
objectives for social life.
2. The cost is out of line with the
benefits derived.
3. The undergraduates are ex-
pected to carry the burden of the
national organizations.
4. The attempt of the national or-
ganizations, through the visits Qf tra-
velling secretaries and by constitu-
tional provisions, to prevent tolerance
of unwholesome conditions or aetions
are only slightly effective.
5. Active members are for the
most part ignorant of the official
interest or claim that the natoal
fraternity promotes academic atain-
ment,
6. National organizations have
little effect on the factor of the for-

mation of friendships.
Recommendations
1. That all Dartmouth chapters
give up their national charters on a
common date.

.1

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
Publication in the Bulletin is constructive notice to all members of the
University. Copy received at the office of the Assistant to the President
until 3:30; 11:00 a.m. on Saturday
FRIDAY, OCT 2, 1936 uate Students: .All students regis-
VOL. XLVII No. 5 tering in the Graduate School this
Notices semester for the first time are ur-
To The Members of the Faculty of gently requested to meet in Hill
the College of Literature, Science and Auditorium, Oct. 3, at 8 a.m. The
occasion will be a brief statement by
the Arts: The first regular meeting the Dean of the School and a special
of the faculty of the College of Lit- form of a general examination. This
erature, Science and the Arts for the is purely an experiment intended to
academic session of 1936-37 will be aid the school in determining wheth-
held in Room 1025 Angell Hall, Oct. er or not it can by such means be of
5,' at 4:10 p.m. greater assistance to you in your
future plans.
Agenda:


ng a .
1. Adoption of the minutes of the
meeting of June 1, 1936 which have'
been distributed by campus mail
(pages 279-285).
2. The introduction of new mem-
bers of professorial rank.
3. Report of the nominating com-
mittee.
4. Election
a. Members of the Executive
Committee.
b. Members of the 'Library
Committee.
R Rn -

The examination itself is very gen-
eral and calls neither for special
knowledge nor preliminary prepara-
tion. Those of you who have had
experience with such examinations or
systematic forms of analysis will
know that one such is insufficient to
sample ability adequately. We do
not, therefore, expect it to do more
than be an additional aid to your
instructors in advising you.
We invite your cooperation -and in
return will see that you are fully
informed regarding any points of