EIGHT THE MICHIGAN DAILY SUNDAY, JANUARY )G, 193'6 IN THE WORLD OF BOOKS SUNJ.1AY~, JANUARY 26, 1936 Coltumbia Pro fes Scholarly Analy NEUTRALITY: ITS HISTORY, EC- ONOMICS AND LAW. Volume I: THE ORIGINS. By Philip C. Jes- sup and Francis Deak. Prepared. under the auspices of the Colum- bia University Council for Re- search in the Social Sciences. New York: Columbia University Press, 1935. $3.75. By PROF. LAWRENCE PREUSS (Of the Political Science Dept.) At the present time there are strong indications that the United States is preparing to abandon its traditional policy of " the "freedom of the seas." The American public, for the first time during a period of general peace ,is giving serious con- ,Adergtion to the attitude which the United. States should take in event of widespread belligerency between other states. Many of the current mrisconceptions as to the nature of neutrality and the means by which it may be preserved would be dis- pelled if the results of the careful historical investigation appearing in the present work could be made gen- erally known. The attempt to find a magic formula for neutrality, valid semper et ubique, would be shown to be futile, and the commonly-held assumption that the experiences of the World War were wholly novel,, without foundation. The rights and duties of neutrals1 developed historically as a compro- mise between the claims of belliger- ents to cut off trade with their ad- Book Exchange Your Used Books sold for you at your own price. A nominal fee charged for this service. STUDENT SUPPLY STORE 1111 S. University Ph. 8688 ssors Present A ysis Of Neutrahty versaries, and the conflicting claims of third states to continue their peace-time trade without interfer- ence. In this development, Profes- sors Jessup and Deak observe, "logic has found practically no place." Bel- ligerents have gone as far in limiting neutral trade as they have deemed possible without drawing the neu- trals into the war against them; neu- trals, on the other hand, have as- serled their rights up to the point at which appeared to be danger of in- volvement. The rules of neutrality are, therefore, the resultant of op- pcsing forces. They represent a working balance between conflicting claims and interests. The content of the rules evolved is determined at any particular period by the relative strength and resources of the bel- ligerent and neutral nations. A compromise reached at one time, whereby a non-belligerent nation is conceded the right to remain neutral in return for restriction of its com- merce, will not necessarily be ap- plicable during a later war. As the authors clearly demonstrate, in their exhaustive analysis of bel- ligerent practice in the Fourteenth to the Eighteenth Centuries, the law is essentially relative. The measure of neutral rights, determined by the situation in 1793-1812 in which the American conception of neutrality was formed, proved to be inapplicable to the changed situation of 1914-191. The belligerents in the World War refused, as Mr. Asquith stated, to allow their "efforts to be strangled in a network of juridical niceties." Too frequently neutrals have been drawn into war through a miscalcu- lation, based on past experience, of what belligerents would permit. The American public is now apparently coming to the realization that the! LAVISONI - His Breathless Months In Death Row ... WE WHO ARE ABOUT TO DIE, By David Lamson. Charles Scribner's Sons. $2.50. By ARNOLD S. DANIELS David Lamson, having been found guilty of murdering his wife on Mem- orial Day, 1933, was sentenced to be hanged, and was sent to San Quentin prison to live in the Condemned Row.' For 13 months he lived within a few yards of the gallows, and then the California Supreme Court re- versed the case on appeal, and or- dered a new trial. The second trial was brought to close by a divided jury, and a third trial was ordered. Today, in San Jose jail, Lamson is awaiting that trial. While his life still hangs in balance, he has writ- ten a splendid, vivid, living book, and has described, in We Who Are About To Die, the last, breathless months in the lives of a few men, all of them labelled "murderers," who price of pjeace is a voluntary restric- tion of the rights of trade which our nationals are entitled to claim under rules of law developed in past and vastly different circumstances. Despite the important role played by the United States in the develop- ment of neutrality, the present work is the first attempt made in this, cour.try to furnish a thorough an- alysis of the subject. It is the first of a series of four works intended to provide a survey of the legal, political, and economic problems of neutrality from the origins to the present. Vol-f ume I deals with the early law of contraband, blockade and prize pro- cedure from the Thirteenth to the close of the Eighteenth Centuries; Volume II, by Professor W. Alison Phillips, will cover the period marked1 by the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars; and Volume III, by Edgar Turlington, will complete the historical survey with a study of the problems raised by the World War. In a concluding volume Pro- fessor Jessup will provide an analysis and synthesis of the series, together with a study of post-war develop- Zent and the present anddfuture status of neutrality. Professors Jessup and Deak are well-qualified by their previous im- portant legal contributions to under- take the present wrk. They have examined the available sources, both published and unpublished, with in- dustry and discernment, and have placed the science of international law deeply in their debt by a mono-, graph which should be a model of1 its kind. It is perhaps inevitablet that certain inaccuracies shouldr cieep into a work of this scope, but1 the very complexity of the sources> should have made obvious the neces- sity of collaboration with an his-1 Ici ian specially qualified in the me-z dieval and early modern period. Itf is difficult to understand how such a glaring anachronism could have esar ed the writers as that which ap- pears on page 14, where there isc cited a treaty of 1394 between France1 England, Navarre, Aragon, Rou- mania, and others. "Roumania" is a name of Nineteenth Century origin, and Roumania came into existence ' as a state only in 1859. References to the source shows that the con-c tracting party indicated was ther King of the Romans, - "le Roy desc Rommains!" await, each in his own way, the gal- sticks to his hot, damp flesh. His lows and death. hands start to tremble as he tugs at David Lamson had lived an or- the stiff new buttonholes and slip- dinary life; in 1925 he was grad- pery buttons. He swears a little uated from Stanford, and he lived and tries to make it sound casual, among typical Americans, all of them but it doesn't sound casual because having pretty much the same idea! his voice has begun to tremble, like gled to hold the cool impartiality of his offcial manner. "All right, Callahan. Get your things together. You're going back to the Row." This waiting for death was a tre- mendous experience, and Lamson's writing has done it full justice. He has handled capably the huge job of picturing men's souls, and his be- side, carefully studied the relation- ship between the prisoner and so- ciety. And his conclusion is only what it could have been. He says, "But, perhaps, some day, more of us will realize that people are people." BEST SELLER OF 1719 Daniel Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe," was high up on the English best- seller list of the early 18th century. In fact it was so popular that there were no less than four "pirated" edi- tions of it in the first year of publi- cation - 1719. K i ., ..,, Leading the List in Our LENDING LIBRARY _-1NON-FICTION WE WHO ARE ABOUT TO DIE ........ David Lamson THE WOOLLCOTT READER.... Alexander Woollcott LIFE WITH FATHER .................Clarence Day SEVEN PILLARS OF WISDOM ....... T. E. Lawrence NORTH TO THE ORIENT .......... Anne Lindbergh I WRITE AS I PLEASE .............Walter Duranty -IFICTIONI IF I HAVE FOUR APPLES....... Josephine Lawrence DUST OVER THE RUINS............. Helen Ashton THE LUCK OF THE BODKINS.....P. G. Woodehouse FLOATING PERIL .............E. Phillips Oppenheim IT CAN'T HAPPEN HERE ............. Sinclair Lewis EDNA, HIS WIFE ..............Margaret Ayer Barnes Wia Drug Store South University at Forest about prison and prisoners. The first, and most lasting impression, which he got when he was introduced to his neighbors in the Condemned Row. therefore, was that they were just human beings, no different from himself, or his friends on the Stan- ford campus. He suffered with them when the time came to go to "The Cage," a large cell where the condemned man was kept for 24 hours before execu- tion, and rejoiced with them when a reprieve came, just as they rejoiced when he left "The Row" by the front door. He knew the torture of sus- pense when his cell-mate Dan was taken to "The Cage," and became al- most hysterical with joy when the last-minute reprieve came. He learned to like "Hamlet's Ghost," the little man who had killed five people with a butcher's knife because he believed that they were plotting against him. All of these experiences he has set down in his book with deep under- standing, and brilliant clarity, and he describes all of the routine of pris- on life in detail. When he was brought to San Quentin, he knew just about what he would have to do be- fore becoming a full-fledged prison- er, but little incidents take on added significance, and he steps aside for a moment to observe himself. "When he gets out of the tub, the clothes he wore have disappeared. He struggles into the prison. gar- ments. They are stiff with newness and cheapness, and the raw smell of newness and cheapness and of moth- balls is heavy in them. The cloth D§IY If You Haven't Read His Portrait Of Papa, You'd Better Day. Alfred A. Knopf, $2.00. By GUY M. WHIPPLE, Jr. Clarence Day's father is the kind of man Herbert Hoover would cher- ish as a rugged individualist in the truest sense of the word. Father is rugged, kindly, blustering, and com- passionate by turns. Mr. Day, ham- pered as he was by the inroads of arthritis and strictured life of an invalid, made in God and My Father and Life With Father two beautiful and living portraits of what might fairly be termed a gentleman of the old school. And Mr. Day's recent death robbed the book world all too early of one who excels at the modern belles-lettres. Life With Father is not an intricate or scholarly analysis. Mr. Day takes little sequences of everyday life with his father - his utter disgust with sickness, his daily struggle with a cantankerous horse, his mode of fur- nishing his office, his childlike love of ice-water and wines chilled to ex- actly the proper temperature - and makes of them possibly inconsequen- tial, but certainly delightful, reading. Perhaps the most revealing glimpse into Father's mental constitution i; afforded by the chapter on life at the Days' summer house on the fate- ful day when the iceman decided to spare the horse and not climb a long and dreary hill to provide the Day family with artificial refrigera- tion. The author (then a boy) made two journeys to town with the coach- man via pony cart, and was unable to secure ice. The family, knowing Father's bent for ice water and a different wine with each course, waited, panic-stricken, for his arrival. When father did come-he stormed downtown, berated the Coal and Ice Office employees, then marched to the butcher's to buy a huge cake of ice, then purchased a refrigerator on the spot from an amazed shop- keeper. He had his ice water that night, and his chilled wine, too, but it had been a most hectic day for the family. All father said that night on the porch was, "I Like plenty of ice." And that's a sample of Life With Father. Father was truly a rugged individualist. his hands. He feels himself slipping towards panic, and grabs at himself mentally. "The convict orderly beside him, stooping to pick up a shoe, his back to the sergeant ,murmurs, 'Take it easy.' The new man glances at him, and gets the flash of a smile." Later on, his cell-mate, Dan was taken to "The Cage," but he came back in the morning. "Dan told me that the night was pretty bad. He slept very little; the lbght bothered him, and the bed was hard, and his thoughts were dis- turbing. Morning was long coming ... "At dinner time, three o'clock, Dan ordered chicken. Again he was ashamed ofhisweak yielding to tra- dition. And he didn't like the chick- en when he got it. "He heard the lock-up bell ring- ing. Now, if it were coming at all, this was the time. "The minutes dragged. "Feet on the stairs. The lieuten- ant came in. He was out of breath as if he'd been hurrying. 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