The Weather
Partly cloudy, colder today;
tomorrow generally fair.

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Editorials
Frank J. Navin, An
Appreciation ...
Heroic Words Are Uttered .,,
In The Name Of Art ...

VOL. XLVI. No. 41. ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1935

PRICE FIVE CENTS

I

British

Elections

Return Majority
For Government

Philippines'
Independence
Move Begun
Proclamation Providing
New Government Form
Signed By Roosevelt
Tydings - McDuffie
Law Put Into Effect

r

House Of Commons Stil
Led By National Forces
As Result Of Vote
Slight Gains Made
By TheOpposition
Seventy Members Seated
Yesterday By Laborite
And LiberalParty
LONDON, Nov. 15.-- (P) -Labor
gains of nearly 50 seats marked avail-
able returns early today from Great
Britain's general elections, but the
national government, with great re-
serve in strength throughout the
country was apparently not threat-
ened in its control of parliament.
The standing of the parties at 3
a.m. showed:
Conservatives, 166; National Labor,
3; National Liberal, 14; totals for the
government, 183.
Labor, 77; Liberals, 9; totals for the
opposition, 86.
Independents, 1.
The popular vote: government, 4,-
444,697; opposition, 4,138,658.
From the national point of view,
observers asserted that labor victories
would be interpreted as a sign of po-
litical health because all of the older
leaders who were beaten in the Na-
tional Government landslide of 1931
were reelected.
These leaders included. Herbert
Morrison, former Minister of Trans-
port, in Hackney; J. R. Clynes, former
secretary from 1929 to 1931, in the
Platting division of Manchester; and
others.
Foreign Secretary Sir Samuel
Hoare, vigorous champion of the
League of Nations in the govern-
ment's campaign which also empha-
sized increased expenditures for na-
tiondaTe ense, was reelected in the
Chelsea district of London by 12,644
votes.
The Liberals suffered badly, having
lost their leader, Sir Herbert Sam-
uels. He lost to S. H. Minto Russell,
Conservative, in the Darwen division
of Lancashire by more than 1,000
votes.
Henry Channon, a former Ameri-
can, won a seat for the conservatives
in the south end.
Departure of Ramsay MacDonald,
former prime minister, from his Sea-
ham constituency before the votes
were counted brought Laborite pre-
dictions he had conceded defeat.
MacDonald, however, said he had
work to do in London and would
await announcement of the Seaham
result there tomorrow. The present
Lord President of the Council was
frequently assailed during his cam-
paign as a "traitor" to the labor
cause.w
Pope Seeks To
Make Delay In
War Sanctions
ROME,. Nov. 14. - (") - Eanest
efforts by Pope Pius to obtain post-
ponement of sanctions in the interest
of world peace became known today
- four days before both the League
of Nations and Benito Mussolini are'
scheduled to raise their economic
draw-bridges.
But, despite the Pope's hope that
51 world powers will delay their stiff
economic boycott of Italy because the
Fascist state has made war on Ethi-
opia, sanctions generally were expect-
ed to become effective next Monday.
And, as each country closes its com-
mercial gates, Il Duce will reply with
a like barrier. If a nation enforces
sanctions only lightly, Italy will re-
spond in the same measure.
Usually well-informed ecclesiasti-

cal circles said the Pontiff was fully
cognizant of the shortness of time
intervening until the date which the
League has set for application of its
sweeping punitive measures designed
to cut short the African war.
But, these sources added, he was
nevertheless confident that some-
thing might be done. He has influ-
ential agents in many nations. In'
France, particularly, the Papal Nun-
cio has become extremely active in
presenting Vatical views to Premier
Pierre Laval.C

I Vandenberg Is Just
Another Man When
He Seeks His Wife
Arthur H. Vandenberg may be a
United States Senator. He may be
a possible Republican presidential
nominee. He may be the headliner
at the Michigan Press Club. But to
the young lady at the desk of the
League last night, he was just another
man trying to find his wife.
Mrs. Vandenberg had gone up to
her room about 5:30 p.m. The Sen-
ator stayed in the Union for a short
time and walked over to the League
to dress for the banquet in the Union
where he celivered an address.
He walked nonchantly and unes-
corted up to the League desk. Smil-
ing pleasantly at the attendant, the
man to whom the entire nation lis-
tened last night said: "Where can I
find my wife?"
"Who're you and who is your wife?"
asked the attendant.
Returned the Senator promptly:
"My name is Vandenberg and my
wife is Mrs. Vandenberg. We have
a room here."
And the young lady blushed, smiled
and told him how to find his wife.
French Film To
Be Shown Here
NextThursday
'Maria Chapdelaine' To Be
Presented At League;
Has Parisian Cast
The French film, "Maria Chapde-
laine," will be shown by the Lydia
Mendelssohn Theater on Thursday,
November 21, after a month's run in
New York.
Made in the actual setting of Louis
Hemon's novel by a cast of Paris
actors, aided by natives, in northern
Quebec, this picture was directed by
Julien Duvivier, with Mlle. Madeleine
Renaud, of the Comedie-Francaise,
Paris, in the leading role. It was
first shown in Paris last inter, where
it was awarded the Grand Prix du
Cinema Francais, and following that,
it was taken to Berlin.
The theme of the picture is the pic-
turization of the persistency, pioneer-
ing ambition, bravery, and perma-
nence of the French-Canadian pio-
neers in Quebec. It shows their con-
quering of the wilderness, and their
ignoring modern comforts.
Surrounded by three suitors, a
young "voyageur," an awkward,'
tongue-tied woodcutter, and a neigh-
bor of hers, Maria Chapdelaine, the
heroine, dwells alone with her fam-
ily in the solitude and wilderness
of northern Canada. Before the
"voyageur leaves for his winter's
tripping, the two becometengaged,
the formerapromising his future bride
to return at Christmas.
On Christmas eve, the "voyageur,"
attempting to return during a terrific
storm, is frozen to death. At the fu-;
neral the priest voices the struggle
of the French pioneers.
Maria, in the spring, becomes the
wife of the woodcutter.

Philippine Freedom
Be Complete After
Year Trial Period

Will
Ten

WASHINGTON, Nov. 14.- (A') -
With a figurative "God bless you,"
President Roosevelt signed today a
proclamation establishing a Com-
monwealth government in the Philip-
pine islands preparatory to complete
independence 10 years hence for 14,-
000,000 Asiatic people.
The proclamation was to be read
by Secretary of- War George H. Dern,
in Manila, 10,000 miles across the Pa-
cific * *"* This ceremony at 8 o'clock
Friday morning Manila time, which
was 7 o'clock Thursday night Eastern
Standard Time, launched officially
the Islands' first Constitutional gov-
ernment.
Present also in the Philippines for
this semi-final step toward freedom
sought by the Filipinos since Admiral
Dewey captured Manila in 1898 were
Vice-President Garner; Manuel L.I
Quezon, president-elect of the Com-
monwealth, and fellow officials; Frank
Murphy, of Detroit, former Governor-
General and American high commis-
sioner to the Commonwealth; Speaker
Joseph T. Byrns, and nearly 50 sen-
ators and representatives.
Officials Witness Signing
A small group o officials wit-
nessed Mr. Roosevelt's signing of the
proclamation at a brief ceremony in
the White House.
The proclamation creates the new
government in accordance with the
Tydings-McDuffie Independence Law
enacted in March, 1934.
After certifying the Sept. 17 elec-
tion in the Philippines which swept
Quezon into office by overwhelming
majorities, the President's proclama-
tion said:
"This proclamation shall be effec-
tive upon its promulgation at Manila
Philippine Islands, on Nov. 15, 1935
by the Secretary of War of the United
States, who is hereby designated as
my representative for that purpose.
"And I do further announce and
proclaim that, in accordance with the
provisions of the (Independence) Act,
the existing Philippine government
shall enter upon its rights, privileges
powers and duties as provided under
the said Constitution of the Common-
wealth of the Philippines..
Dern To Issue Proclamatioi
- "In witness whereof I have here-
unto set my hand and caused the seal
of the United States of Amerca to
be affixed."
Dern was to issue a similar procla-
mation immediately afterward, pro-
mulgating the proclamation
The independence law provides the
Commonwealth Government, while
virtually autonomous, is still under
the guidance of the United States
on foreign affairs. The High Com-
missioner is a personal representative
of the President and does not report
to the State Department directly.
Under the present plans, the Army
retains troops in the Philippines for
the- duration of the Commonwealth.
There are about 5,000 American sol-
diers and officers "stationed in and
around Manila. The Asiatic Fleet
also maintains its base at Manila.
Free trade between the Islands and
the United States is to be eliminated
gradually, subject to adjustment
through treaty-making.

Court Holds
Guffey Coal
Act IsLegal
Judge Says Congress Can
Regulate Wages, Prices
Of Interstate Industries
Hands Down First
Complete Decision
Business Free To Operate
Without Any Penalty
Until Appeal Settlement
LOUISVILLE, Ky., Nov. 14. - (P)
Federal Judge Elwood Hamilton to-
night held the Guffey Coal Act con-
stitutional.
He declared that Congress has pow-
er to regulate wages and prices of
any industry which Congress may
conclude bears on interstate com-
merce and pronounced the courts
powerless to refuse such a conclusion,
if any facts support it.
Federal authority under the Con-
stitution's interstate commerce and
general welfare clauses, as expound-
ed by Judge Hamilton, would sustain
legislation whenever the state failed
or was helpless to act.
" * * * If the people of the state
intended to surrender all the rights
they had to promote the general wel-
fare, that could not be done by the
state acting independently * * *"
he said.
Judge Hamilton gave the first com-
plete decision upon constitutionality
of the Guffey Act. Nineteen coal
companies, with sales totalling nearly
$700,000 a month, challenged the
New Deal's substitute in the coal in-
dustry, for the NRA. Judge Hamil-
ton left these companies free to op-
erate without penalty, on equal terms
with submissive companies, until the
constitutional issue is settled on ap-
peal.
Tom Oyler Is
Nominated For
'37 President
State Street Party To Name
Complete Slate Soon At
General Caucus
At a caucus of the junior literary
college State Street party held last
night at the Sigma Chi house, 29
fraternities confirmed the nomina-
tion of Tom Oyler, Beta Theta Pi,
as their representative candidate
after he had been proposed by a
smaller caucus Wednesday night.
Joseph Hinshaw, Delta Kappa Ep-
silon, was named campaign manager
for the State Street faction, and
plans were drawn up for a general
caucus at 8 p.m. Tuesday at the Sig-
ma Chi house.
Robert Laitner, Sigma Phi, was
selected for one of the J-Hop com-
mitteeman posts. The slate will be
completed at the general caucus.
Two changes in the slate to be
presented by the Consolidated En-
gineers' Party in the junior elections
next Wednesday were announced yes-
terday after a caucus.
F. Allen Upson, Zeta Psi, was nom-
inated for the position of vice-presi-
dent, and Edward Vandervelde, In-
pendent, for treasurer.
The rest of the slate will continue

to be as announced. George Malone,
Independent, has been nominated
for president, Rush Bowman, Delta
Upsilon, for J-Hop chairman, Don
Hillier, Delta Kappa Epsilon, and Carl
Abbott, Theta Xi, for J-Hop commit-
teeman, Melville Hyatt, Triangle, for
secretary, John Sinn, Sigma Nu, for
the Honor council, and William Low-
ell, Tau Kappa Epsilon, for the En-
gineering Council.
At a party caucus last night at the
Phi Delta Theta house, the junior
literary class Washtenaw party
named almost all of its candidates for
the election Wednesday.
Twenty-eight houses were repre-
sented at the meeting which named
Richard Mavis, Phi Delta Theta, as
presidential candidate. Nancy Olds,
Delta Gamma, is the party's candi-
date for secretary and Fred DeLano,
Sigma Nu, for treasurer. The candi-
date for vice-president has not yet
been chosen.
Nominations for the five J-Hop
committeemen to which the literary
conleem is entitledi are Gilbert Tilles.

To
In

Vandenberg Urges People

cMind
Order

To

v

Bishop Will Open Program
For Second Day Of Press
Club's Meeting
Maurer To Speak
In Today's Session
'Juvenile Delinquency' To
Be Subject Of Carr's
Talk Saturday
The program for the second day of
the annual meeting of the University
Press Club will be opened by Andrew
A. Bishop, of the State Welfare de-
partment, with a speech on "The Pro-
bation Problem in Michigan."
Mr. Bishop's talk will begin the
morning general session at 9 a.m. in
the Union Ballroom. He will be fol-
lowed by Prof. James K. Pollock of
the political science department, who
will discuss "Government by Merit"
for the newspapermen attending the
convention.
The morning session will be con-
cluded by Prof. Wesley H. Maurer of
the journalism department, who will
give a talk on "The Spectrum of
Thought." Each speech during the
session will be followed by a period
for questions and open discussion on
the subject matter just treated.
Two luncheons will be held at 12
noon in the Union by the Associated
Press and the Michigan Press Asso-
ciation.
The afternoon session at 2:30 will
be opened by Junius B. Wood, former
special and foreign correspondent for
the Chicago Daily News, with an ad-
dress on "Your Foreign News." His
speech will be followed by a talk on
"The Neutrality Policy" by Prof. Law-
rence Preuss of the political science
department, the third speaker to ad-
dress the convention on the subject
of neutrality.
The annual banquet of the Press
Club will be held at 6 p.m. in the
Union Ballroom, with Michael Gor-
man of Flint, president of the Press
Club, oficiating.
Following the banquet the mem-
bers will hear a speech by Prof. How-
ard Mumford Jones of the English
department on "The University and
Public Opinion." Howard Blakeslee,
science editor for Associated Press,
will then speak on "Science in the
News." Motion pictures and "stills"
of "war" will be shown by Francis
Onderdonk to conclude the banquet
program.
The general session Saturday
morning will feature a talk by Prof.
Lowell J. Carr of the sociology de-
partment on "The Newspaper's Func-
tion in the Prevention of Juvenile De-
linquency." This will be followed by
the annual business meeting.
Members of the Press Club will
attend the Michigan-Minnesota foot-
ball game tomorrow afternoon as
guests of the University.
NO SILKIES FOR AL
WASHINGTON, Nov. 14--()-
Following reports from London that
Al Capone had been buying fancy
shirts and underwear there, At-
torney General Cummings ordered
an investigation. Today he report-
ed that Capone is wearing "the same
kind of underwear as the other boys"

Discusses Neutrality

Declares Neutrality Must
Be Protected From Both
Emotions, Commerce
Does Not Believe
In Joining League

Avoid

War

Own Business'

Insists Loans Be
To Warring
Cash Basis For

Refused
Nations;
Trade

SEN. ARTHUR H. VANDENBERG
Ruthven Makes
Announcementl
Of Alumni Gift
Says People Of State May
Contribute To Fund For
Memorial Tower
"A gift of truly magnificent pro-
portions by an alumnus who wishes
his name to be unknown" will be an-
nounced within a few days;President
Ruthven told members of the Michi-
gan Press Club, dining last night in
the Union ballroom at their seven-
teenth annual meeting.
Speaking of the "wonderful spirit
of Michigan alumni in cooperating
with the University, the President
told the editors of the circumstances
under which the unnamed alumnus
made the gift. "His spirit in wish-
ing no credit for doing so great a
thing for the University is typical of
our alumni's attitude."
He hinted that the gift was made
in money, but gave no indication as
to what purpose the money will be
used for.
In the course of his remarks, Presi-
dent Ruthven also told the Press Club
members that "The people of the
State of Michigan will have a chance
to contribute" to the construction of
the Burton Memorial Tower
Originally planned as an Alumni
Club project, the contribution has re-
ceived the cooperation and encour-
agement from people all over the
State, President Ruthven said. j
"We are not soliciting funds,"' he{
declared. "We have enough already.j
We are just giving to the people of
Michigan the opportunity to aid in
the building of the campanile as per-
sons of old Europe aided the building
of their great cathedrals.
"It is my duty to announce to-
night," he said, "that if the people
want to take part in that building,
they may."

An urgent plea to the people of the
United States to "mind our own
business, abjure the quarrels of oth-
ers, and avoid hereafter all avoidable
war," was voiced yesterday by Sen-
ator Arthur H. Vandenberg, (Rep.,
Mich.) in a public address during
the University Press Club convention
on the question, "Can America Stay
~Out of the Next War?"
Outlining the necessary steps and
the reasons for a new policy of "de-
tached neutrality," the junior sena-
tor from Michigan praised the recent
legislation embodied in the Embargo
or Neutrality Act as a move toward
the desired end.
To the question in his topic, Sen-
ator Vandenberg replied: "Yes, we
can and will stay out of the next
war if we have sense and courage
enough to maintain a real neutrality
and protect it, on the one hand,
against international emotionalism
and, on the other hand, against the
appetites which love commerce in
spite of casualties."
Scores Neutrality Interpretation
Tracing the history of the United
States in foreign relations during the
period from 1914 to 1917, he scored
the interpretations and administra-
tion of our original "neutral" stand
dictated by the interests of com-
merce and finance, which interests
had finally and of necessity involved
us in the last war.
On this the speaker based his in-
sistence on a neutrality policy of ab-
solute detachment, which would dis-
courage commerce of any kind with
belligerent nations. He further stated
that cooperation with the League
would be out of the question.
"We are not members of the
League," Senator Vandenberg con-
tinued. "In my judgment, the Amer-
ican people never will and never
should become members of the
League. I believe they would swiftly
repudiate any administration which
would seek to take them into the
League."
Quarantines War
Speaking of the new neutrality pol-
icy which has been undertaken, Sen-
ator Vandenberg stated that it "quar-
antines war as an institution." In its
present extent, he outlined the one
major principle of the policy --that
which makes it mandatory for the
President to declare an embargo on
American "arms, ammunitions, and
implements of war" intended for bel-
ligerent nations.
A minor point, inserted on the ar-
gument that "we do not propose, if
we can help it, to involve the fate
of 125,000,000 people in the vicissi-
tudes of American globe-trotters who
needlessly persist in traveling on bel-
ligerent ships," requires the President
to warn all Americans against taking
passage, on vessels of warring na-
tions.
It is not sufficient, however, the
speaker asserted, that American cit-
izens be told to travel "at their own
risk." American citizens may not
thus temporarily cede the protection
warranted by their citizenship, or
"needlessly risk their country's peace
by needlessly risking their own
necks."
Duty To Guard Neutrality
He insisted that those citizens
should be forbidden to use belligerent
ships, expanding his statement by
pointing out that while it was the
right of every American to enjoy the
Stars and Stripes, it was likewise his
duty not to carry his flag, and thus
his country, into jeopardy.
A second suggested addition to the
present neutrality policy would insist
on the refusal of loans to belligerent
nations.
"We not only get into trouble with
these foreign loans; in addition we
do not get our money back," he added.

Two Master Clocks Guarantee
That Campus H as Correct Time

Griffin Declares Detroit Is Not
Leading U. S. From Depression

Commentators and writers are say-
ing that "Detroit is leading the na-
tion out of the depression," and the
statement is being taken as meaning
that the automobile industry is the
cause of the present upward trend in
business activity, Dean Clare E. Grif-
fin of the School of Business Admin-
istration observed yesterday.
In an interview yesterday Dean
Griffin commented on Detroit's part
in the upturn, saying, "It is true that
one type of industry can lead a boom
insofar as it is the first to be affected
by general improvements throughout
the country, but it cannot be said that

mer= at various times during the de-
pression, but he believes that "the
present trend has a sound base."
Even if production returns to a
volume nearer normal, there will still
be a considerable portion of the pres-
ent unemployed left without work,
Dean Griffin said.
"In 1929, of course, there was a por-
tion of the population which was un-
employed. The present unemployed
cannot be all assimilated but those
who will find work first will naturally
be of the skilled type.
"At present there is not a very great
number of skilled laborers who are
--n-nnva v cial hmira r T

By WILLIAM E. SHACKLETON
Living, eating, sleeping by the clock
are no idle expressions on a univer-
sity campus, as any student can tes-
tify. And yet in all the time he
spends watching the clock he rarely
sees more than the position of the
hands.
Behind the face of almost every
clock on this campus there lies a
highly coordinated mechanism de-
signed to provide that mainspring of
University life, the "correct" time.
Installed about seven years ago, this
system of time-keeping has never yet
had any serious trouble, according to
F. R. Hough, electrical foreman of
the buildings and grounds depart-
ment, and Carl Carpenter, who has
charge of the University clocks.

pendulums have been filled with mer-
cury in a further attempt to minimize
the effects of temperature changes.
Several times a week Mr. Carpenter
checks the clock time against the
"star time" as computed at the Ob-
servatory. The "star time" furnishes
a more accurate standard than do
radio or telegraph reports, Mr. Hough
stated; and ordinarily the clocks
never vary more than a fraction of
a second from this "star time."
All the rest of the clocks in the
system keep time by virtue of elec-
trical impulses sent out from the
"master" clocks.
These timed electrical impulses,
which might be likened to the heart
throbs of the human system, occur
at intervals of one minute. It is on