PAGE SIX

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1935



1

8 Prisoners
Escape From
Ref ormatory
e Women, Children As

Court Says U.S. Does Not Have To Pay Gold

Local Alumni
Heads Will Go
To Convention

Reaches Port

UsI

Hyde, Tapping,

Conger

Shields In Break From
Oklahoma Prison
GRANITE, Okla., Feb. 18 -(AP)-
Eighteen desperate convicts were at
large in the southwest today after a
wholesale break from the state re-
formatory in which women and chil-
dren were used as shields and one
guard was shot to death.
Back in the cells were 13 other con-
victs who had joined in the Sunday
dash for liberty, while Mrs. George
A. Waters -the nation's only femin-
ine warden of a male prison -
shunned praise for her heroism and
sought the source of pistols smug-
gled to the leaders.
Hastily summoned sheriff's posses
rode throughout thenight over the
short grass plains seeking to flush
the felons from their hiding places.
All major highways were blockaded
and farmers grimly guarded their
homes against possible depredations
of the freed killers and robbers.
The break followed an investiga-
tion into reports of cruel treatment
of the inmates.
"We have been having trouble down
here all week," said the warden, who
yesterday exposed herself to gunfire
of the prisoners. "We took every
precaution but we couldn't guard
against guns being smuggled in from
the outside."
Tower Guard Killed
From two smuggled pistols, the plot
expanded abruptly to its deadly com-
pletion.
The ringleaders appeared suddenly
at the side of a trusty pisoner, serv-
ing as inside turnkey, poked a pistol
muzzle against his ribs.
"Give us the keys," they hissed.
With cold precision, the malcontents
rounded up all inside turnkeys and
day Sgt. Walter Ford, locking them
in a cell.'
"Come on," they yelled.
A mob of youthful prisoners rallied
to the cry, rushed headlong upstairs
into the visitors' room.
"There were about 20 visitors there,
mostly women and children," said
Leslie Long, a convict, who was there
talking with his wife and sister-in-
law.
"We all went out toward the front
tower. They herded us out there to
keep the guards from shooting at
them.
"After they broke, I went over and
gave u."
As the cage-maddened mob rambled
down the corridors toward the double-
barred front door and freedom, one
of themsnatched a saw-off shot gun
from a doorguard's wall rack.
An instant later, the same gun
blazed its fatal charge at 60-year-old
"Uncle" Peter Jones, veteran tower
guard.
"I'm sure he didn't have a chance
to defend himself," cried Mrs. Waters.
Many Are Injured
The escaping convicts hunched for-
ward warily behind their helpless hos-
tages. ,
A feminine figure raced into the
yard from the warden's residence,
just outside the walls. It was Ward-
en Waters. Her hand fluttered up
in a signal to riflemen in sentry-boxes
on wal and tower.
They fired, without effect, their
markmanship impeded by the hap-
less captives.
But a moment later, from a flank,
came the sullen boom of Deputy
Warden M. R. Gallion's automatic
shot gun.
Eight boys lurched and stumbled
as his slugs ripped into their flesh.
None was seriously hurt. Another,'
terrified, halted. A tenth was taken
nearby by a civilian, Vernon Taliafr-
ro of 'Carter, who was present at the
break and was deputized and armed
by the guards.
Twenty-one of the more deter-
mined prisoners swarmed into parked
automobiles, or stopped drivers of
cars onthe big highway upon which
the reformatory faces.
Three of then were recaptured later

by possemen at Sayre.
Survey Shows Students
Growing Conservative
(Continued from Page 1)
ward both the social and academic
aspects of the university life.
"This tendency toward conserva-
tism is visibly more noticeable among
women than among the men. It is
likewise significant that the attitudes
have not materially changed despite
the official recognition of Russia.
"The development of this conven-
tional moral attitude probably i.
stimulated by the depression."

-Associated Press Photo.
Pictured above are the members of the United States Supreme Court, which yesterday handed down its
momentous "gold clause decision." It is the first picture taken of the high tribunal since Justice Benjamin
Nathan Cardozo was sworn in as successor to Oliver Wcndell Holmes. Seated, from left to right, are: Associate
Justices Louis D. Brandeis, Willis Van Devanter, Chief ' Justice Charles Evans Hughes, Associate Justices
James C. McReynolds, and George Sutherland. Standing are Associate Justices Owen J. Roberts, Pierce
Butler, Harlan F. Stone, and Benjamin N. Cardozo.

Pollock Hails
Plebiscite As
League Victory
Outlines Saar Situation In
Talk Before Association
Of University Women
(Continued from Page 1)
return to Germany, and the Einheits-
front, in favor of a continuation of
the status quo. . Of their relative
strength, he pointed out that 400,-
000 attended a Deutsche Front mass
meeting held just before the vote,
while some 50,000 were present at the
status quo rally. This last meeting
appeared to frighten many Catholics
because it was so largely directed by
Communists.
"Had it not been for Hitler rule in
Germany, there would have been no
question about the outcome, but
under the circumstances the status
quo adherents had anticipated a sup-
port of about one third of the vote,"
he explained, and added that it "il-
lustrated the superior power of race
feeling and emotion over the purse-
strings and economic considerations,
and also shows the appeal Hitler is
making to all German-speaking pop-
ulations."
Complete Re-Orientation
With the Saar problem on the way
to solution, he pointed out that the
momentous developments in the dip-
lomatic world progressed. A com-
plete re-orientation of European pol-
itics is now going on. The recent
Anglo-French conversations have
presented the acid test to Hitler.
"If Hitler persists in remaining
away from general accords, a return
to bilateral treaties, old-time diplo-
macy, and the balance of power is
inevitable, with an entente cordiale
between England and France prac-
tically assured," he predicted.
"Internationalhcooperation," Pro-
fessor Pollock continued, "must and!
does include the United States. While
I was away, I must confess you people
made an awful mess of the World
Court question!"
Few Ballots Invalided
In describing the machinery of
election day, he said that 97.87 pe
cent of all registered voters cast their
ballots, and of the votes cast, 90.36
per cent favored return to Germany,
while 8.8 supported the status quo,
and about one half of one per cent
for return to France. Only very few
of the ballots were invalid or blank.'
Telling of his inspection of the
901 invalid ballots, he pointed out
that the majority of these ballots cast
were marked for Germany but "gegen
Hitler" (against Hitler).
Six hundred and eighteen voters
were registered in the district in
which Professor Pollock presided, he
said, and of these, 324 were cast in
the first three hours of the long elec-
tion day and 604 before the polls
closed. At the conclusion of the poll-
ing, the sealed ballot boxes were
transferred directly from Professor
Pollock to the county inspector who
came for it with a squad of British
Tommies, bayonets drawn, who took
it to the building where the ballots
were counted.
The counting, done by a number of
boards of 5 neutrals each, started at
5 p.m. Monday, and lasted until 4 a.m.
Tuesday. The results were first an-
nounced over the radio at 8 a.m.

Your Dollars Not
To Be Bothered By
Gold Clause Rule!,
WASHINGTON, Feb. 18 - (P) -
Here's an A-B-C glance at what the
gold decision means:
To the wrinkled dollar bills in your
pocket -nothing, with a big "N."
They'll buy just as much as they did
yesterday and still make 100 pennies,
20 nickles, 10 dimes and 4 quarters.
To the $1,000 railroad bond you
may own which has a clause promis-
ing to pay in the old dollar or its
equivalent in gold - again practically
nothing. You can collect $1,000 in
the kind of dollars you've been using
ever since the government cut -on
its account books - the gold content
of the dollar from 25.8 grains to
15 5/21 grains.
To the holder of a $1,000 govern-
ment bond promising to pay in gold

Supreme Court
Upholds Policy
Of Government
High Tribunal Says Gold
Clause Does Not Have To
Be Observed
(Continued From Page 1 )
Deal dollar is worth as much in pur-
chasing power as any one of the
dollars originally invested, there is no
damage and consequently no action
for recovery can be brought.
Speculation immediately turned to
how that would apply if at some fu-
ture time the purchasing power of the
present dollar should sink to a point
below that of the dollar which was
invested. There was no conclusive
answer, but the inference was plain.
Nearly three hundred persons saw
history made in the tiny Supreme

And McLouthl To Attend
WashingtonMeeting
Emory J. Hyde, president of the
Alumni Association, T. Hawley Tap-
ping, general secretary of the Associa-
tion, Lucille B. Conger, executive sec-
retary of the Alumnae Council, and
Bess L. McLouth, alumni office man-!
ager, will attend the convention of the!
American Alumni Council April 3, 4,:
5 and 6 in Washington, D. C.
Mr. Tapping, who is director for
regional conferences of the Council,
is slated to give his annual report;
President Hyde will be a speaker at
the special meeting of the alumni
association presidents; Mrs. Conger
will speak at a special meeting of
alumnae secretaries; and Miss Mc-
Louth at a meeting of alumni office
staffs.
A feature of the convention will!
be the broadcast of the evening meet-
ing of the University of Michigan
Club of Washington, which will be at-
tended by such prominent men as
Supreme Court Justice George A.
Sutherland, '92L, and Sen. Arthur
H. Vandenberg (Rep.-Mich.).
Among the nationally known speak-
ers on the convention program are
Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Nich-
olas Murray Butler.
On April 2, the night before the
Washington convention, President
Hyde and Secretary Tapping will be f
speakers at a meeting of the Univer-
sity of Michigan Club of Philadelphia.
House Plans
To Set Prices
In War Time
WASHHINGTON, Feb. 18. - (1P) -
A "pay-as-you-fight" policy for any
future war was urged upon Congress
today by the House committee on
military affairs.
After studying means of taking
profit out of war, the committee urged
the establishment of a level beyond
which war-time prices might not go,
a 100 per cent levy on excess profits,
and higher taxes for everybody.
The report submitted by Chairman
McSwain (Dem., S.D.), said "outrage-
ously extravagant profiteering" dou-
bled the cost of the World War. Such
measures as it urged, he said, would
prevent that happening in any next
war, and there would be no "stag-
gering debt to consume the substance
of the survivors and of the succeeding
generations."
McSwain said a bill embodying
committee suggestions, including
price limitation or "stabiliation,"
probably would be offered this week.
Since the House ways and means
committee is the only one authorized
to act on taxes, he urged upon it
the suggestions to levy a 100 per cent
tax on "all profits shown to be due
tb wartime business conditions."

REAR ADMIRAL R. E. BYRD I
Brd's Part
Arrives Safely I
I New Zealand
Rear Admiral Returns To
Civilization After Recent
SPolar Expedition
DUNEDIN, N. Z., Feb. 18 -()-
Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd and
the members of his Antarctic expedi-
tion returned to civilization today in
an aura of romance.
After the expedition's flagship ar-
rived here, Admiral Byrd's second-,
in-command, Dr. Thomas C. Poulter,
and Miss Helen Gray were married.
Admiral Byrd gave the bride away.
Arrangements for the wedding were
completed by wireless. Dr. Poulter
first met Miss Gray when he was a
member of the faculty of Iowa Wes-
leyan college. She later assisted him
n scientific work and during the time
Dr. Poulter has been in the Antarctic'
has been caring for his three children
by a former marriage.
Admiral Byrd's first word was one
of thankfulness that he had succeeded
once again in leading his party home-
ward entirely safe and sound.
"The highlight of my experience
as an explorer," he said, "is the fact
that I have now led four major expe-
ditions and have returned each time
without losing a single man by death.
This must be considered due to a spe-
cial act of providence, and not to any
skill of mine."
The formalities of the official wel-
come were discharged speedily after
a medical inspection gave the crew a
clean bill of health.
Describing the expedition's work,
Admiral Byrd said the primary pur-
pose was to discover whether there is
a connection between Marie Byrd
Land and the main Antarctic contin-
ent.

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7
A

Hyma Will Talk
On Leaders Of
Reformation
Lemon Also Lectures On
Religion, Psychology In
Christianity Series
Prof. Albert Hyma of the history
department and Dr. William P. Lem-
on, pastor of the First Presbyterian
Church, will speak at 4 p.m. tomor-
row in Lane Hall in the second series
of the Student Inquiry Into Chris-
tianity lectures.
Professor Hyma, noted expert on
the Reformation period, will discuss
"Great Leaders of the Reformation."
Dr. Lemon will speak on "Religion
In Account With Psychology." Pro-
fessor Hyma is taking part in the
group dealing with "Great Religious
Personalities," while Dr. Lemon is
dealing with the group discussing
"Religion In Account With Life."
The historian will place especial
emphasis on the parts played in the
Reformation by Pope Leo X, Martin
Luther, John Calvin, and Ignatius
Loyola. He will endeavor to show how
the Protestant and Catholic Reforma-
tions were simultaneous, and that
Luther was not a revolutionist.
Professor Hyma has spent four
years in Europe studying the Refor-
mation and is, in the opinion of those
sponsoring the lectures, "especially
well qualified to speak on it."
Righto l - We're a bit
snooty about our draw-
ing inks-choice of the
best draftsmen for the
last 54 years. Give em
a tumble !
CHAS. M. HIGGINS a CO., Inc.
271 Ninth St. Brooklyn, N. Y.
HIG G I NS'
American
DRAWING INKS
ANN ARBOR
HEADQUARTERS for All
HIGGINS INKS and
SUPPLI ES
U LRIH'S
Opposite Engineering Arch


of the old dollar which which today Court chamber. They filled every
would mean $1,690 in the devalued available inch of space.

dollar - once again nothing in a
practical sense. The court held the
government didn't have the right to
break its promise to pay the bond in
the old gold dollar but -try to col-
lect. The court of claims won't re-
ceive your suit so the only thing left
is to accept $1,000 in the kind of dol-
lars you've got in your pocket now.
To the holder of gold certificates
- if you've got one you hold it
illegally and are subject to prosecu-
tion. If you put in your claim for an
extra payment in the devalued dol-
lars when you turned the certificates
over to the government, it won't mean
much.
The court held in effect that $1,690
in devalued dollars was due for every
$1,000 in gold certificates, but like the
Federal bonds - try to collect.
Riot-Stricken Areas Of
California Ask For Aid
EL CENTRO, Calif., Feb. 18 -(P)-
Scene of bloody rioting in which two
j men were killed and approximately
500 shots were fired, California's Im-
perial Valley, through its public of-
ficials, today appealed to Gov. Frank
F. Merriam for additional officers to
restore peace to the area, wracked
by labor troubles since last December.
Imperial county authorities, seekingi
to forestall martial law, wired Gov.
Merriam to send every available state
motorcycle officer into the strife-torn
valley, which produces two-thirds of
the nation's winter vegetables.
The rioting took place yesterday
when 400 men and women stormed!
the lettuce packing shed of Martin
Wahl in a bloody hand-to-hand fight
between striking lettuce workers and
non-strikers.

Hughes Reads Discussion
Inside the tiny but austere court
the crowd leaned forward as Chief
Justice Hughes shortly after noon ad-
justed his eyeglasses, produced ai
sheaf of papers and began reading.
First, he turned to a summary an
nouncing the verdict in each of the!
individual cases involved. Heavily he
stressed the word "affirmed" as he
announced that the majority con-
curred in the lower court's decision'
on the case inviolving private bonds.
Of the gold certificate case, which
came up from the Court of Claims,
he asserted:
"We hold, that the plaintiff has
shown no actual damage and hence
that the Court of Claims could not
entertain the suit."
On government bonds, he declared,
pausing at times for emphasis:
Courtroom Tense
"We hold that the jointresolution
of June 5, 1933 (by which the gold
clauses were nullified) so far as. it
attempted to override the obligation
of the United States created by the
bond in suit, is invalid. It went be-
yond the constitutional authority of
Congress."
Many in the court became per-
ceptibly tense, for it appeared that the
government had been drastically
overruled, but quicklytHughes added:
'But we hold that the action is for3
breach of contract and that plain-
tiff has failed to show a cause of
action for actual damages.
"Hence the Court of Claims could
not entertain the suit."
Then, the Chief Justice began read-
ing the formal opinion in the private
bond case. Page after page dealt with
a recital of the facts in the case and
of previous decisions of the court,
all of which, he said, had but a remote
bearing on the question at issue.

0

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' DAVID SACKSON, 2nd Violin NAOUM BENDITZKY, Cellist

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