T HE MICHIGAN DAILY

SATURDAY, NAUCH 9,1935

Papers Presented Here Yesterday By Men bersOf Michigan A

cademy

President Of
Academy Gives'
hefSpeechr
Many Papers Presented1
In Yesterday's Section 1:
Meetings
Officers To Be Namedt
State Relief Administrator
Says 100,000 People
Are 'Unemployable'
(Continued from Page 1)t
says, is soon to become dominant1:
the idea of a "deliberately-planned
future for mankind." He cited the
prevalence of terms and words suchr
as "Five-Year Plan," "Planned Econ-
omy" and "Technocracy" and de-
clared it obvious that Italy, Germany
and Japan "are all trying to takeT
their people to or toward pre-deter-t
mined objectives."t
The ecological engineer, the speakert
predicted, will probably start work-
ing on the conservation of the natur-
al resources of the country in an ef-
fort to make a safe and satisfactoryl
habitat for man. That our ecologicalt
association is evidently out of ad-
justmentnMr. Lovejoy contended, is
shown by the "unsatisfactory" eco-
nomic, social and physical aspects
of our habitat. It will be the work of1
the ecological engineer to re-adjust
that association to the best of his1
ability, Mr. Lovejoy said.
Dr. Edward Sapir, Sterling profes-
sor of anthropology and honorary
curator of anthropology at Yale Uni-
versity, addressed a general meeting
of the Academy in Natural Science
Auditorium yesterday on "The Social1
Symbolism of Language." He spoke
before more than 300 people and ex-
plained that every word in any lan-
guage is rife with a symbolism which
influences other people in determin-
ing our position in life.
The Academy will conclude its
meeting at 3 p.m. today with the elec-
tion of next year's officers. Varioust
sections of the Academy will holdT
thei' last meeting starting at 9 a.m.
today.
Anth~ropology
The morning session of the anthro-
pology section was opened in the Uni-
versity Museums when the nominat-
ing committee appointed yesterday
advised the re-election of Prof. R.
Clyde Ford, of the Michigan State
Normal College, as chairman. Profes-
sor Ford was elected to succeed him-
self unanimously. Members of the
nominating committee were Dr. W. B.
Hinsdale of the Anthropology Mu-'
seum and Fred Dustin of Saginaw.
Ten papers were presented to the
anthropologists at this meeting. These
were "The Dual Man-Beast Creatures
of Greek Mythological Fancy," by
Prof. Orland O. Norris, of the Mich-
igan State Normal College; "Prehis-
toric Storage Pits in Saginaw County,
Michigan," by Mr. Dustin; "Some
Chippewa Uses of Sweet Grass," by
Volney H. Jones of the Anthropology
Museum; "Studies in Kinship," by
Prof. L. A. White of the anthropology
department.
"Density, Porosity, and Absorption
Studies or North American Indian
Pottery," by Frederick R. Matson, Jr.,
of the Anthropology Museum; "The
Study of Folk Lore from the Scho-
harie Hills, New York State," by Prof.
Emelyn E. Gardner, of Wayne Uni-
versity; "The Study of Growth in
Young Children," by Dr. Lavinia G.
MacKaye of the Medical School ped-
iatrics department; and "A Compara-
tive Analysis of Some Ohio Valley

Archeological Cultures," by Dr. Carl'
E. Guthe, director of the Anthropology
Museum, and James B. Griffin, fellow
in Aboriginal North American Ce-'
ramics.x
Ancient and modern Indian cus-
toms, and early pioneers in Michigan
archaeology were the chief subjects
discussed at the afternoon session.
Professor R. Clyde Ford. Michiganj
Stare College, chairman, introduced;
the six speakers appearing at the
final meeting of the section.
A comparison of the literature of
the Indian inhabitants of Sugar
Island to that of Gertrude Stein, was
made by Mrs. Florence McClinchey,
authoress, and teacher at Central
State Teachers College. "They are do-
ing in their way," Mrs. McClinchey
said, "what Gertrude Stein is trying
to do for English literature." Mrs. Mc-
Clinchey stated that the Indians ofI
that district have "a lovely collection
of. poetry," of which she gave ex-
amples, as well as "a great many love
poems." The island received its name,
she disclosed, from Indians who made
sugar there.
A paper on early pioneers in Mich-I
igan archaeology was delivered by
Fred Dustin, of Saginaw, himself a
noted pioneer in the field. "Pioneer-
ing is still going on," Mr. Dustin said,
"and from time to time new things
are discovered."

use of disceidal stones for bowling
and other games by the Cherokee In-
dians.
George D. Haller, of Detroit, de-
scribed the life and work of the Rev.
William Francis Gagnieur, early pio-
neer in learning the habits and tradi-
tions of Michigan Indians. Prof. Angus
M. Babcock, of the University, fol-.
lowed with a review of some of the
Indian studies made by Father Gag-
nieur.
George X. Allen, of Bay City, sched-
uled to speak on "The Significance
of So-Called Bird Stones," did not at-
tend.
Botanyj
The botany section yesterday
opened its meetings under the chair-
manship of Edwin L. Mosely. The
report of a committee nominating as I
chairman for next year H. H. M. Bow-
man and as vice-chairman Prof. W.
R. Taylor of the botany department,
was heard and the nominees sub-
mitted were voted into their respec-
tive offices.
The first address in thet afternoon
was given by E. F. Woodcock, of
Michigan State College, on the vege-
tative anatomy of the tomato. Lan-
tern slides illustrating the anatomi-
cal structure of the tomato plant were'
included. This was followed by the'
delivery of a paper written by J. L.'
Lowe, of New York State College of'
Forestry, on the distribution through-
out the American continent of va-
rious lichens found in northern Mich-
igan which was read by Miss Joyce'
Hedrick.
The next paper of the session was
presented by Miss A. McCrea in con-'
junction with R. Loomis, both of
Parke, Davis and Company, and dealt'
with the effect of Aspergillus fumi-
gatus on the lungs of guinea pigs. It
was pointed out that many cases of
supposedly o b s c u r e tuberculosis
among humans could be attributedf
to this organism. Then came a re-
port on several unusual agarics
(mushrooms) collected within the
State and classified by Dr. Alexander
H. Smith of the botany department.
The specimens were illustrated by
lantern slides.
The fifth of the papers was a con-
sideration of the host specialization
of clover rust, given by Prof. E. B.
Mains of the botany department. In
the course of his talk Professor
Mains suggested as a possible proof
of the luckiness of four-leaf clovers
their comparatively high immunity
to rust. Dr. Besie B. Kanrouse, also
of the botany department, next gave
an account of some new and unusual
Discomycetes, and continued with a
study of two species of Endogene, both
talks being illustrated by lantern
slides.
The seventh address of the after-
noon was on the subject of several
lichens from the Aleutian Islands
and southern Alaska and was given
by Miss Joyce Hedrick of the Univer-
sity. A final paper by Edwin Y. Mon-
sma, of Calvin College, summarized
a study made of water molds at the
Lydell State Fish Hatcheries at Com-
stock Park.
The session was then adjourned
by Chairman Mosely.
Economics And Sociologyk

Today's
Academy Program
9:00 a.m. Section of Botany.
Room 2003, Natural Science
Building.
Section of Geography. Room
25, Angell Hall.
Section of Language and Lit-
erature. Room 2013, Angell
Hall.
Section of Zoology. Room
2116, Natural Science Build-
ing.
9:30 a.m. Section of Philosophy.
Room 302, Michigan Union.
12:30 p.m. Luncheon for mem-
bers of Section of Mathemat-
ics. Room 116, Michigan Un-
ion.
2:00 p.m. Section of Mathemat-
ics. Room 3017, Angell Hall.
Meeting of the Council. Room
4065, Natural Science Build-
ing.
3:00 p.m. Business meeting of the
Academy. Room 2003, Natur-
al Science Bldg.
operation of the sales tax in Michigan.
Mr. Mogen defended both the prin-
ciple of the tax and the efficiency of
the board which collects it and does
the work of the administration. The
cost of collection of the tax is the low-
est of any state for the same kind of
tax.
Discussion after Mr. Mogen's talk
was lead by Robert P. Briggs of the
economics department.
The reorganization of the State
Welfare Department into a unified,
non-political agency was urged yes-
terday by representatives of the Mich-
igan Conference of Social Work, in the
afternoon session of the sociology di-
vision.
Ephriam R. Gomberg, attorney for
the legislative committee of the Con-
ference and Raymond E. Baarts, Dear-
iborn social-worker, addiressed the'
group and presented the plan for
reorganization that has been pre-
pared for introduction into the legis-
lature by the Michigan Conference.
Prof. Arthur Evans Wood of the soci-
ology department presided over the
meeting.
"Complete decentralization of de-
partments is the obstacle in the way of
the present welfare agency," said Mr.
Gomberg. "The plan we have prepared
provides for a co-ordinated depart-
ment, headed by as non-political a
commission as can possibly be ob-
tained," he said.
The proposed plan would provide
for a Board of Public Welfare, com-
posed of seven members, and ap-
pointed for staggered six-year terms'
by the governor. The Board would
appoint an experienced commissioner
who would be responsible to them.
The actual welfare agencies would
be divided into three groups, each
headed by a director, appointed by the
State Board upon the recommenda-
tion of the Welfare Commissioner.
County reform was advocated in
the address of Mr. Baarts. He pointed
out that there-'are from six to fifteen

welfare agencies in each county. "This
condition is almost certain to pro-t
duce rivalry and jealousy among de-t
partment heads and leads to a costly,
vumbersome, and inadequate system,"
he said.
"Many counties, especially those in
she upper peninsula are far too small
to support welfare agencies. The planr
advocated by the Michigan Confer-
ence of Social Work, provides for the
:onsolidation of the smaller counties
into single welfare agencies," stated
Baarts.
Geology And Mineralogy
Dr. Ralph K. Belknap, of the geol-
ogy department, was chosen chairman
of the section of geology and miner-
alogy at their meeting yesterday af-
ternoon in Room 3056 Natural Science
Building. Doctor Belknap will replace
D. C. MacLachlan, this year's chair-
man.
An unofficial announcement by R.
A. Smith, head of the geological and
mineralogical division of the conser-
vation department of Michigan, on
the projects of his department pre-
sented to the president revealed that
a larger sum than has ever been asked
from this state is being sought this
year. If this goes through, it will be
a big thing for Michigan, Mr. Smith
proclaimed.
Of unusual interest was the report
on the uncovering of the pre-historic
mastadon near Birmingham, Mich.,
given by Prof. Ermine Case, chair-
man of the geology department. This
specimen is one of the best of its kind
yet found and is now on display at
the Museum here in Ann Arbor.
Although not yet conclusively
proved, a theory relating surface
typography to underlying rock fea-
tures was advanced by Robert B.
Newcombe of the Department of Con-
servation in his speech on "Glacial
Expressions or Structural Features of
Michigan." If his theory is proven
more definitely, it will be of great
aid to geologists in determining un-
derlying earth structures and will
help them to find oil pools,athe dis-
cussion brought out.
Dr. Frank Leverett, author of the
standard books in Geology, "Mono-
graph 53," pointed out his r'easons
for believing that men had been mis-
taken about the path of the glacial
movement in the thumb section of
the southern peninsula of Michigan.
The session adjourned at 4:15 and
is to be resumed this morning.
Sanitary & Medical Science
The Santiary and Medical Science
section met in four groups in the East
Medical Building, Sessions A and B
meeting at 9 a.m., and sessions C and
D meeting at 2 p.m. Papers were
limited to 10 minutes, and following
each paper the audience was given
the opportunity to discuss it with its
author.
Dr. F. W. Hartman, Ford Hospital,
Detroit, presided over the A session,
at which Robert H. Haskell of Wayne
County Training School discussed,

present problems of the State caret
of the insane, mental defectives, andr
epileptics )n Michigan. His studies
were based on work done at the train-
ing school.l
An outbreak of milk-borne strepto-
coccic infection in Petersburg, was
related by Drs. A. W. Smith, Jean W.
Glassen, and R. W. Pryer of the State]
Department of Health, at the B ses-
sion, presided over by Dr. Ward Gilt-
ner, Michigan State College.
The members and guests of the,
section met for their annual luncheon
in the Union. Prof. Frederick G.
Novy, dean-emeritus of the medical
school, spoke following the luncheon
and related some of his experiences
when he was associated with Pasteur.
Pathological changes in the nerv-
ous tissue in rabies were discussed by
Dr. Herbert W. Emerson of the medi-
cal school. Illustrating his paper
with slides. Dr. Emerson tracked the
changes in the nervous tissues of the
brain of the of the dog as rabies pro-
gressed.
Dr. John C. Bugher of the medical
school spoke on the incidence and
significance of tracheo-bronchial les-
ion in pulmonary tuberculosis. Draw-
ing his conclusions from slides. Dr.
Bugher pointed out that lesions in
the bronchi were exceptionally dang-
erous, and from the few case his-
tories at his disposal that the various
therapy treatments given were not
practical until the patient showed
improvement. The number of fatali-
ties in such cases recorded at he Uni-
versity Hospital, he. said, was quite
high, and patients responded to
treatment slowly.
The papers were, for the most part,
highly technical in their treatment of
the questions, and those dealing with
reports of experiments concluded that
further work on the problem was
needed before an unqualified sum-
mary might be made.
Psychology
In the Friday section of the Psy-
chology division conducted by Dr. Ed-
ward B. Green of the psychology de-
partment papers werepresented by
Dr. E. S. Schott of the Henry Ford
hospital in Detroit, and Dr. Henry
Feinberg of the Jewish Social Service
Bureau in Detroit.
Dr. Feinberg spoke on the readjust-
ment of the word "mellow" in the
most generally accepted vocabulary
tests of today's psychology. He
stressed the need for work on all of1
the "hundred most commonly used
words" which have been chosen for
the test, and presented a series of
tables illustrating his work on the sub-
ject.
Following Dr. Feinberg, Dr. Schottf
presented the results of his research
in the I.Q. changes in foster home
children. Dr. Schott has been for sev-
eral years connected with an asso-
ciation which yearly finds homes for
many children.
Speaking before the afternoon
meeting, Dr. M. H. Erickson of the
Eloise Hospital in Eloise, Michigan,

discussed the phenomena of deafness
as produced by hypnosis.
Dr. Erickson stated that his work
was authenticated through the neuro-
logical application of conditioned re-
flexes. The primary design of his ex-
periments was to show the concrete-
ness of hypnosis through its deaden-
ing effect upon the nervous system,
and to aid in freeing it from the pop-
ular idea of fraud which has come
to be associated with this branch of
science through the many "fake" stage
exhibitions.
Forestry
A strong plea for keeping the ro-'
mantic wilderness of Michigan in
their natural state was made by Prof.
Shirley W. Allen of the School of
Forestry and Conservation yester-
day.
Professor Allen tempered this plea
by saying that the necessities, such
as trails, crude shelters, fire look-
out station, occasional telephone
lines, erosion and flood control devic-
es, and direction sign boards would
not detract too much from the nat-
ural state.
Shelterbelts in the prairie-plains
region were advocated by C. G. Bates
of the Lake States Forest Experiment
Station A slower start than was
planned, he pointed out, is making
possible greater chance of success.
"Prohibitive soil types," said Mr.
Bates, "have made necessary some
change in the location of the area."
Prof. L. J. Young of the School of
ForestryLand Conservation praised
the winter accomplishments of the
CCC camps in 1933 and 1934, who,
he said, had braved ,sub-zero weather
and did their work with great effi-
ciency.
That prospects are bright for the
selective cutting of trees with sus-
tained yield asan objective, was
pointed out by Prof. W. F. Ramsdel-
of the School of Forestry and Con-
servation. "The Statistical Method
in Forest Research," was explained
in a paper by S. R. Gevorkiantz of the
Lake Forest Experiment Station.
Frank J. Wilkuski of the Huron
National Forest described in his pap-
ce' the effect of wax emulsion on the
dessication of conifers. "Dissemina-
tion of Jack Pine Seed From Seed
Trees To Slash" was the topic of the
paper by F. H. Eyre of the Lake States
Forest Experiment Station.
The fertilization practice at the
Beal Nursery was described by Harry
C. Turner of the Huron National For-
est. A talk on reading air photos,
illustrated with slides, was given by
Harold Underhill of the Department
of Conservation. An illustrated talk
on the forest-soils study of the Uni-
versity Biological Station was pre-
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sented by R. L. Donahue of Michigan
State College.
History & Political Science
The meeting of the history and po-
litical science section was opened at
2:15 p.m. yesterday in the second floor
terrace of the Michigan Union by the
chairman, Prof. R. C. Miller of Wayne
University.
The first paper dealing with history
as the scientific recording of past
events, was read by Prof. Benjamin
W. Wheeler of the history depart-
ment. "The historian," Professor
Wheeler stated, "must not be swept
:off his feet by his desire to be of
use to his generation by giving val-
uable interpretations to history." On
the contrary, Professor Wheeler con-
tinued, "his writing must be relative
to the people and conditions of the
time about which he is writing rather
than relative to conditions and people
of his own time."
The second paper was presented by
Prof. W. J. Bossenbrook of the history
department of Wayne University. Pro-
fessor Bossenbrook contended that
the purpose of history was to give
meaning to the chaotic mass of past
events. The historian can best do this,
he continued, by starting out with a
preconception of the period he is
dealing with and then seeing how
far reality differs from this "ideal
type."
Language And Jiterature4
Prof. H. T. Price of the English
department opened the morning ses-
.ion of the Language and Literature
division with his paper "The Lan-
uage of Titus Andronicus." Profes-
sor Price's paper was followed by a
short discussion led by Dr. Harold
Whitehall of the English department.
"Addison On the Imagination," a
Paper by Prof. C. D. Thorpe of the
English department, was the subject
of the discussion led by Prof. Louis I.
Bredvold.
Among the interesting papers giv-
en during the morning session was
that of Frank O. Copley of the ro-
inance languages department, titled,
"Sophocles an dthe Pathetic Fallacy."
The afternoon session opened with
one of the outstanding papers of the
meeting, that of Dr. Harold White-
hall. Dr. Whitehall read a paper on
"Connecticut Colloquial Pronuncia-
tion of English in the Eighteenth
Century."
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The 300,000 people on Michigan
relief rolls, who with their families
represent a total of about three times
that number, do not represent a group
of indigents who always look to so-
ciety for relief, but instead are an
"excellent cross-section of the citizens
of the state," declared Dr. William
Haber, Michigan FERA administra-
tor before the economics and sociology
section yesterday morning.
Listing the different types of people
on relief, he pointed out that 5,000
professionals and about 90,000 skilled
and office workers are included.
Nineteen per-cent of the total, he
went on, are listed as unemployables,
who will never be reabsorbed into in- I
dustry even though the prosperity
peak of 1920 is reached again. Thus,
he declared, Michigan will have more
than 100,000 people who will need
relief permanently.
Other problems facing the state
were outlined by the speaker who em-
phasized the fact that relief is not'
merely a depression measure, but must
be accepted as a permanent issue. He
pointed to the "blighted area" of the
Upper Peninsula where, because of
the inability of the owners to operate
their copper and iron mines profit-
ably, the workers will be continually
"stranded" until they move to some
other section of the state.
The fact that many of the unem-
ployed have not had work for a period
of four or five years only makes the
situation worse because when and if
they are given work their "technique -
will be absolescent." "Thus," he said,
"a labor shortage may exist at the
same time as a labor surplus."
Prof. Shorey Peterson of the eco-
nomics department and chairman of
the section introduced the speakers
at the afternoon meeting. Prof. Robert
S. Ford of the economics department
spoke on the recent fiscal policy in
Michigan, outlining the various meas-
ures that were taken to wipe out the
deficit in the general fund of the state
during the depression years.
IFllowing Profes-or-or'st a

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