THE MICHIGAN DAILY

Voters Cast 39
Million Ballots
In Record Poll
Democratic Plurality More
Than 6,000,000 With
30 States Complete
Thomas Vote High
Roosevelt Total Surpasses
Record For Winner As
1928 Is Recalled
WASHINGTON, Nov. 30.-P)-
Nearly complete returns from the
Nov. 8 elections show the American
electorate toppled three records in
casting a total vote of at least 39,-
000,000 and giving Gov. Roosevelt 22,-
314,058 and President Hoover 15,-
575,474.
This huge total, with more than
30 states complete to date, is an in-
crease of more than 2,000,000 over
the previous high of 36,789,669 polled
in the 1928 Hoover-Smith election.
Roosevelt's vote is the most ever
given a winning candidate, and
Hoover's is a new top figure for a
losing nominee.
Seven minor party candidates re-
ceived 1,008,164 on the basis of re-
turns from all but about one-twelfth
of the nation's '119,643 voting pre-
cincts or districts-tripling the minor
party balloting of four years ago.
Socialists Keep Pace
Norman Thomas, the Socialist
Presidential candidate, kept pace with
the total gain, his 805,813 being more
than thrice the 267,835 he got in 1928
and bringing him within probable
reach of the Socialist record of 1920,
when Eugene Debs polled 919,799.
William Z. roster, Communist can-
didate, received 69,104 votes com-
pared with his 48,228 four years ago,
when he ran as the Workers' party
candidate, while William D. Upshaw,
Prohibition party nominee, polled
59,656 on the basis of 140,000 pre-
cincts to nearly double that party's
vote of four years ago. His total is
the largest given the Prohibition
ticket since the first election after
constitutional prohibition was adopt-
ed in 1920.
Other minor party candidates re-
ceived the following:
William H. "Coin" Harvey, Liberty,
45,045.
Verne L. Reynolds, Socialist-Labor,
21,858.
Jacob S, Coxey, Farmer-Labor,
6,465.
James R. Cox, Jobless-Liberal, 219.
The "Populist" ticket polled four
votes in South Carolina to bring the
total minor party vote to 1,008,164.
Pluralities Compared
Roosevelt's plurality of 6,738,584
over Hoover compares with a plural-
ity of 6,423,612 given Hoover over
Smith in 1928 and the 7,338,513 Coo-
lidge plurality over Davis in 1924,
when a third party ticket was in the
field.
Six states gave Roosevelt more
than a million votes: California, 1,-
276,423; Illinois, 1,882,304; Missouri,
1,006,613; New York, 2,524,616; Ohio,
1,301,695; Pennsylvania, 1,278,425.
Hoover polled more than a million
in four states: Illinois, 1,432,756; New
York, 1,930, 678. Ohio, 1,227,679,
Pennsylvania 1,442,393.

Appointed Senator

Business Men British Cabinet Michelson, Eminent Physicist,
Given red it Meets To Pas LI Eiilogized In Radio Speech

(Associated Press Photo)
Maj. Elijah S. Grammer of Seattle
was appointed to fill out the term
of late Senator Wesley L. Jones.
Grammer, a Republican, will assure
the G.O.P. a majority of one in the
Senate during the short session.
'Squads Right'
Omitted In New
Simplified Drill
Major EdwardsExplains
Details; Plan Approved
By Military Experts
"Squads right," the command that
for years has been the basis of prac-
tically all close order drill in the
United States Army, appears to be
on the road to oblivion.
A simplified drill is nearing per-
fection after several months of prac-
tice and experimentation that prom-
ises to replace this movement and
some others that have been consid-
ered too cumbersome for modern
military purposes.
The new close order drill with
which details of the Regular Army
and various militia regiments have
been procticing omits entirely the
old movements of "squads right"
and "squads left."
According to Maj. Basil D. Ed-
wards, commandant of the local
R. O. T. C., the new plan has won
the approval of military experts be-
cause of its efficiency and simplicity.
He points out that it has two main
advantages, it facilitates movements
from close order formations, which
are used only in drills, to combat
formations, and it involves fewer
movements and so is easier for re-
cruits to learn.
No memoranda regarding the new,
system has been received here yet,
according to Major. Edwards, and
no action will be taken until after
the plans are officially approved by
the Wor Department. He predicted,
however, that the department will
formally approve the drills soon.
In the new system the squads will
line up in a single rank eight abreast
instead of in two ranks of four each
as in the past. This change is based
on the French drill regulations.

For Levy Cut,
Dollar - Wise Chicagoans
Save 25 Per Cent; Plan
Municipal Debt Relief
CHICAGO, Nov. 30. --(A')-Chi-
cagoans will pay 25 cents on the
dollar less in taxes for 1933-and to
a committee of civic-minded and
dollar-wise business men has been
given much of the credit.
In addition, members of the com-
mittee pledged themselves today to,
do something about the millions of
dollars the city owes its 14,000 school
teachers, its policemen, firemen, and
other employes.
From the head of the committee!
-Fred W. Sargent, president of the
Chicago & Northwestern railway--
came today the story of how the
committee was formed and the re-
sults it hopes to accomplish,
There was no precedent for thef
committee to follow when it organ-
ized months ago, but there were a
multitude of matters clamoring for
attention.
For instance, in recent years Chi-
cago undertook to construct 10
school buildings,. The walls of some
were completed, the basements for
all were dug, the roofs of a few were
laid-but not one of them has been
finished.
Eight million dollars has been in-
vested in the buildings. One of them,
Lane Technical High school, started
out to be "the world's largest
school." With $4,000,000 already in-
vested and $1,500,000 more needed,
the huge structure has the appear-
ance of an abandoned castle.
There is no money available to
complete the buildings. And the
wind and weather constantly are
wearing down the walls that cost $8,-
000,000.
Gandhi Asks American
Not To Join Hin In Fast
DELHI, India, Nov. 30.-P-The
Mahatma Gandhi today requested
the American girl, Nila Cram Cook,
who recently embraced the Hindu re-
ligion, not to join him in his next
fast, as she, had written she
would.
Gandhi has proposed to enter on a
new "fast unto death" next January,
unless the equality agreement be-
tween the Hindus and Untouchables.
goes through.
Replying to the young woman's
letter, the Nationalist leader invited
her to visit him soon in Poona Prison
to go over the whole thing person-
ally.

jO n Debt No[e, A AtribuLe to the late Albert A.
Michelson, famous physicist, was paid
yesterday by Prof. Ernest F. Barker
Document Expected o Be of the physics department in a speech
Most Important Sin(T delivered over the facilities of the
University Broadcasting Service and
Period Of World W ar broadcast from station WJR, Detroit.
After giving a short resume of Dr.
LONDON, Nov. 30.(L -The Brit- Micrelson's life, Professor Barker told
ish cabinet was called together today 'of the great man's first experiment
to approve the momentous new note on the velocity of light. "He was so
to the United States urgently re- successful in this," said Professor

questing postponement of the $95,-
550,000 war debt payment due Dec.
15.
The new note to Washington was
completed by the cabinet in a two-l
hour session today. No further meet-
ing was planned and the note prob-;
ably will be sent immediately.
Informed quarters expected the"
document might prove to be the most
important since the World War eral
so far as Great Britain is concerned,,
since it will review the whole range
of inter-governmental obligations as$
well as the immediate debt install-
ment.
The contents of the note itself
were reviewed in great detail at a
special cabinet session in Prime
Minister Ramsay MacDonald's quar-
ters in the House of Commons Tues-
day night.
French Poet Gives
His Impressions Of
Paris in Lecturel
Paris-city of variety-is both
gay and sad, said Philippe Soupault,
French poet and essayist, in an ad-
dress in French yesterday before J
the Cercle Francais on the subject
"A Travers Paris."
"Rome," he said, "reminds one of
a shadow; Moscow, a nest. Paris is
like a country in itself, with its dif-
ferent provinces. When one goes
from one section of the city to an-
other, he feels that he is crossing im-
portant boundaries."
M. Soupault also pointed out that
a good deal of the charm of Paris
comes from the fact that it avoids,
monotony.
Slides showing various scenes of
interest in Paris were flashed on the
screen at Lydia Mendelssohn Thea-,
tre, where the lecture was held, and
M. Soupault commented on the sev-
eral points of interest, telling what
a part they had played in the history
of France.
The Louvre, he said, is the chief
reason that Paris has become the
capital of France. Pictures compar-
ing the Louvre as it looked in the
Fourteenth Century and at the pres-
ent were shown.

Barker, "that the results obtainedI Others Mentioned
justified publication of his first sci- tOther physicists whom Professor
entific paper, and, in fact differed Barker discussed were Joseph Henry,
from the best later value by only one who distinguished himself with pion-
twentieth of one per cent. eer experiments with the electro-
Experimented With Light magnet, and Henry A. Rowland, who,
Dr. Michelson was the first to prove in the words of Professor Barker,
that the velocity of light is different "made his most valuable contribu-
in a moving stream than in still tions in the field of spectroscopy."
water. Professor Barker said, sug- At the outset of his talk, which
gesting the question as to whether was entitled "Three Great American
light waves could be carried along Physicists," Professor Barker said
in space by a moving ether, that his selection did not indicate
"This last question," said Profes- that he thought that they were the
sor Barker, "naturally led to the only great men of the century, but
question of whether ether is anything declared that their work provides a
but empty space. The answer re- special continuity which naturally
quired observations of the very high- grouns them together.

est precision, with a totally new type
of optical apparatus designed for the
purpose, and the experiment is per-
haps one of the most famous of all
time.
The astonishing result, that no
motion of the earth through space
can be detected by measuring the
velocities of light beams arriving in
different directions was the starting
point for Einstein's theory of rela-
tivity."

E 'dish Farm
Subsidy Saidj
To Be Success

British Economists Hold
That Agrarian Policies
Averted Collapse
LONDON, Nov. 30.-OP)-Farm
economists and the administration
of England's subsidy to wheat farm,-
ers are convinced that in its first six
months of operation the subsidy ha:
averted a serious collapse which
threatened an important section of
English agriculture.
The subsidy guarantees a price of
10 shillings a hundredweight to Eng-
lish growers. (Calculated on the basis
of the present low pound, this is the
equivalent of about 85 cents a
bushel).
The grower is paid the difference
between that figure and the average
price of wheat in England. Funds
are obtained from a tax on imported
wheat and flour.
The scheme had its origin in the
fact that farmers, especially in east-
ern England, where wheat long has
been a traditional crop, were ap-
proaching such desperate circum-
stances that, unless they received
some such assistance, direct and un-
productive relief was unavoidable.

i

Faculty Members
To Be Present At
Education Meeting
H. L. Harrington, president of the
principals' division of the Michigan
Education Association, will preside at
a symposium in Lansing Thursday
afternoon on "How Far Should Com-
munities Go in Attempting to Pro-
vide Education for All Boys and Girls
of Secondary School Age, 12 to 18?"
At this discussion the views of the
parents, of labor, and of the farmer
will be presented by prominent repre-
sentatives of their respective groups.
"This symposium promises to be
very interesting," said Professor J.
B. Edmonson, dean of the School of
Education, "for it will cover thor-
>ughly the problems of finance which
are confronting educational institu-
,ions today."
Friday morning there will be an-
)ther symposium on the subject,
"What Are Some of the Major Diffi-
vulties in the Practical Application
of the Democratic Philosophy of Edu-
cation on the Secondary Level?"
Among the members of the Univer-
sity faculty who will attend the con-
ference are Prof. Ira M. Smith, reg-
istrar, Prof. Philip E. Bursley, direc-
tor of the orientation period and
counselor to new.students, Dr. T. Lu-
ther Purdom, director of the bureau
of appointments and occupational in-
formation, Dean Edmonson, and Dr.
Edgar G. Johnston, assistant pro-
fessor of secondary education and
principal of University High School.

County Board
Stops Recount
In 5 Districts
Compilation Of Returns Is
Hopeless As Inspectors
Fail To Explain Figures
DETROIT, Nov. 30.-(P)--Compila-
tion of accurate returns from five
districts was given up as hopeless
today by the County Board of Can-
vassers after election officials of the
districts failed in their efforts to ex-
plain their own figures.
Inspectors of 35 election boards
were to appear before the Board of
Canvassers and the City Election
Commission during the day to aid in
the attempt to straighten out the
tangled returns from their districts
in the Nov. 8 election.
The most puzzling situation en-
countered was in Ward 12, District
38, where figures on the return book
were denied by all the inspectors of
the district.
Ballot Box Opened
The return book showed 200 Re-
publican straight tickets and 215
Democratic straight tickets. When
the ballot box was opened the tally
book showed 137 Republican straights
and 99 Democratic straights. This
book was signed by the chairman,
Nathan Apsel.
Apsel said he did not write the fig-
ures found in the return book and
did not believe that anyone on the
board wrote them.
The tally' book signed by the chair-
man was accepted as the face of the
returns. Judge Henry S. Hulbert,
chairman of the Board of Canvassers,
was silent as to what action may be
taken in this case.
Denies Wrtiing Figures
The ballot box of Ward 17, District
14, was opened today in the presence
of the district inspectors and the bal-
lots therein were found unsealed. The
box itself was broken. The tally
book, for which the box was opened,
was on the bottom, beneath all the
unsealed ballots. The law forbids the
canvassers to disturb the ballots, so
the tally book could not be reached.
The books available showed wide dis-
agreement on thekvote for Congres-
sional candidates (Fifteenth Dis-
trict).
In the Fifteenth District John D.
Dingell (Dem.), defeated former
Mayor Charles Bowles (Rep.), on the
face of the returns.
"The only thing we can do in this
case is accept the face of the re-
turns, although we know them to be
wrong," Judge Hulbert said. "The
vote in this district certainly is open
to challenge by any candidate."

" I

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Now Ready and Better than Ever - The 50th Edition of the
MICHIGAN CALENDAR

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31 6 State Street

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DEC. 3

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