THE MICHIGAN
DAILY -
DAILY ~
VYs 181/
T DATE O
FOUNDING'
I DENIES THAT
AS ONE OF
ATTORNEY
A
TIC STUDY OF STATIC MADE IOF 011011I1PROFESSOR DISCUS
BLE BY SELF-OPERATING LOOP ' FORMED AGAI
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r : T
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t Act Of Congar s In 1804
Land For "Seminary of
ruing" At betroit
Culver, '75, for 52 years
of the University, and
of Chicago has written the
ter to The Daily, in which
s that evidence proves the
the University to have
instead of 1837, as gener-
An article dealing with
ibject by Mr. Culver was
The Alumnus of Febru-
letter follows:
s broad-casted on Friday
lisleading statement that
ty of Midiigan was estab-
37, which is contrary to
and the decisions of the
)urt that the University
in 1817. Trulyy, this. is
truth of the epigramatic.
;hat "History is Fiction
A radio loop that operates of its own accord, making possible the auto-
natic study of static and other phenomena, has been invented by E. B.
Judson of the special laboratory for radio transmission research of the
B'eau of Standards, at Washington, D. C. He is shown in the photo
with his invention.
LUVU I I1UR 00 I L1NEV (Coniinued From Page One) I
In orer to condense the 1 scrip-
tion of the real and the makeshift
Pittman Pleas For 11nh ersity Aid )Honor systems into as few words as
And Activity in Problems Of possible, I have made use of the two
Farm Regions statements given below. These are
written #s they might appear in what-
ever leaflet the student honor com-
EXPLAINS FOUR ERAS - inittee might present to the entering1
students:
"Not until the universities of the MAKESHIFT-"We have an Honor,
nation recognize, take an active inter- system; every student is a member;
we will all watch you to see that you
est in, and dignify the problems of do not cheat. If we catch you, you
rural education will these problems will be thrown out. Anyway, we be-E
be brought out of 'the slough -of des- lieve that if we trust you, you will
pond', stated Dr. Marvin S. Pittman of behave yourself."
the rural educational department of REAL-"Under our Honor system
Michigan State Normal college in a, we assume that you are intrinsically
speech last night before the Men's honest; we believe that because you
Educational club, on the subject "Four are trusted, you will be worthy of the
Eras of Rural Educational Effort". trust. You are not watched, and you
The first era in this development, might cheat several times without de-
according to .Doctor Pittman, is the tection. But if a student is found vio-
era of pioneering. This period begins lating our trust, his punishment is
with the establishing of rural schools swift. What is worse than punishment,
in the United States and extends to he loses our respect, and has none of
that time when "the little red school- our sympathy."
house reigned in the East and the The first of these is sometimes call-
white, plank schoolhouse ruled the ed an Honor system; that it is not,
middle west." is quite evident. The second describes
The second era was styled the "era a real Honor system, .which is intei-
of self satisfaction" by Doctor Pitt- ested first in building up a condition
man. The attitude prevailed that the of general confidence and trust, and
nation was safe and that there was no last in preventing dishonesty.
need for further development. This Proctoring vs. The Honor System
period extended from the Civil war to What is to be said under this head-
1905. ing refers specifically to the conduct
"The era of despair" was the third of examinations. The examinations:
period of rural education. This was held under the two kinds of systems
aused by the industrial revolution represent two games to be played.,
which brought the circuit riders, The great difference between the two
hschoolt teachers, and country stors should be quite evident, yet there isl
keeper to teherswnd ctre country apparent need for pointing it out in
life =commission sent out by President clear fashion.
Roosevelt in 1907 had found the coun- Under the usual proctoring system
try school to be backward, unprogres- (that there are laudable exceptions
tsch, and osevn tohbeackwrdnsoteis not denied) complete responsibilityt
sive, and not serving the needs of the for the prevention and detection of
The fourth era is the modern peiod cheating rests upon the proctor. If theE
h fourheaistheatoernphiodthstudent wishes to be honest, it is hisI
of rural education, that in which the business. If he wishes to be dishonesti
geniusand'inventiveness of the Am- it is again his own business,-unless4
erican people was forced to find a caught. And if caught, his fellows1
solution for this problemrThishas sympathize with him. Why not? Thec
resulted in many improvements, usual' game is to outwit the proctor,
Fifty-two normal schools of the na- isn't it? And he nearly always is out-
tion now have departments for the witted, isn't he? (Yes, he is, proctors;
training of rural school teachers. be not deluded on this porft.) And l
if some poor devil gets caught, why,x
has exhibited his lack ofknowledge that is too bad. It might have been
of therecords and history of the Uni- any one of plenty of others who were
versity as to say that ,the Regents is Ias guilty as he.Q
a corporation, created by the Con- Under the Honor system, thre facul-n
stitution of 1837-it should be 1835. ty man trusts his students, as is us-
That constitution does not contain the ually evidenced by his absence from
word "university" and makes no men- the room. And the students trust eacht
tion of any University of Michigan. other. If a student then cheats, hes
It is to correct these errors-many may never be caught at it, for the
others might be cited-that this pro- usual classmate attends pretty much
test is made to the broadcasting the to his own affairs. Very well, but
Founding of the University in 1837. if the cheat does "get by" with some
FRANK H. CULVER, '75, Ph. B. petty practice, how does he feel about
3SES PREJUDICE Extension Division
V1STHONOR' SYSTEM Class Enrollment
pit? Htfeels about a hundred points' Passes_1300 mark
lower down in self-resspect than he
would have under the proctor sys-
tem. This is the main reason for there Announcement has been made by
being so few violations of the Honor Charles A. Fisher, assistant director
system by those who would like to! of the University extension depart-
cheat; and those who would like to ment, that 1315 students have been
are so greatly outnumbered by those enrolled in the extension classes con-
1 who are glad of having a chance to ducted this year. There were 24 of
be trusted, that the violations sink these classes carried on last semester
to a negligible number. and 10 are now being conducted,
Now suppose that, under the Honor making a total of 34 classes for the
system, a violator is found out and entire year with an average enroll-
convicted. How does he stand in the mnient per class of 38 students. Of
estimate of his fellows? In the proc- Ithe total number of extension stud-
tored examination. he had his class- lents 86 have applied to and been ad-
mates' sympathy. As an Honor system mitted to the graduate school.
violator, he has lost their respect, The next cost per capita of the ex-
and nothing hurts quite so much as tension service, according to Mr.
t that. Fisher, is 88 cents, or 44 cents per
Let us see just where the emphasis class hour, as the classes are given
lies in the two systems. By proctor- for two hours every week.
ing an examination, the very presence The extension course, which are.
of the proctor stands for suspicions largely for the benefit of high school
entertained as to student honesty. The, teachers throughout the state, have
atmosphere is one of distrust. The been conducted in Detroit, Grand
purpose is the prevention of cheating. Rapids, Saginaw, Flint, Battle Creek,
The assumption is that cheating will Wyandotte, and Lansing. They are
occur unless a watci is kept. The given by an instructor or professor
student, being invited, 'virtually, to teaching at the present time in the
play that kind of game, often plays University, and may include kny sub-
at it, and to the credit of the ingenu- ject on the Universityy curriculum.
ity of American youth, nearly always
wins at it. The emphasis is on dis- Wisconsin Students
trust.
By conducting an examination un- To Present Annual
der the Honor system, the absence
of the instructor calls attention to Musical Production
the fact that the faculty is cooperat-
ing in an effort to maintain an at-.
mosphere of trust. The purpose of the Haresfoot Club of the University of
game being played is to encourage Wisconsin, an organization corres-
honesty, and the thinking student ponding to the Michigan Mimes, has
.carefully watches himself to see that begun rehearsals on its twenty-pinth
not only does he do nothing dishon-; annual musical comedy prdduction,
est, but also that he does nothing "Meet the Prince." ' The scenes of
thoughtlessly that might subject him t the play are laid on a floating univer-
to casual suspicion. It is a sporting,I sity and in Heidelberg, Germany.
,gentlemanly game that is being play- There are more than fifty in the
ed, and let it be said to the ever- lcast, which includes 12 character
lasting credit of American youth, that parts, more than 20 members in the
under the right conditions it is play'ed. various choruses, and an orchestra of
exceedingly well. This statement ap- 17 pieces.
pens to be very true. The emphasis is ,' Haresfoot productions are written
on trust. I and produced in practically the same
(Continued in next issue) way as the Michigan opera. Stu-
dentsswrite the music and lyrics for
BUTLER COLLEGE.--Senior girls the show, while outside coaching is
have voted to' wear blue suede lum- secured for the dancing and gener-
her jackets. al staging. The production goes on
tour during the regular -spring vaca-
OREGON.-The International club tion and covers many large cities of.
of the university is putting on its an- the middle Iwest.
nual International program.
ILLINOIS.-A survey of the occu-
OHIO STATE.-Ninety per cent of pations of the parents or guardians of
the men work their way through 11,810 students revealed that approx-
school. imately 50 per cent are business men.
Banjo Ukulele
the ^act of Congress of March1
.804, land was granted to "a
iary of learning, located at De-
By the Indian Treaty of Fort
s, dated Septexhber 29th, 1817,
ownships of land were appropri-
for a "seminary of learning to
cated at Detroit". By the act
ngress dated May 20th, 1826,
land was granted "For the sup-
of the seminary of learning in
gan". Finally all these grants
confirmed by the Act of Con-
of June 23rd, 1836.
icipating the grant of land in
Treaty of Fort Meigs, the gov-
and judges, then the legislative
rity in the Territory of Mich-
adopted the Act of August 26th,
creating a corporation "by the
and style of the "Catholepist-
of University of Michigania",
provided with some fantistic
for the scholastic organization,
'th little provision for the bus-
administration. It was, how-
given authority "to prepare and
four successive lotteries". Rev.
elle Richard, the Catholic Bishop
chgan, and Rev. John Montieth,
iister of the First Presbyterian
h, were selected as teachers and
ook the work. Land at Bates
earned streets, in Detroit, was
red to ,this Catholepistemiad by'
nor and judges; the school build-
instructed and instruction given.
is commemorated by a bronze
erected by the Detroit Histor-
ociety, which is attached to the
ouse now there. When it is re-
Bred that, by the census of 1820,
were less than 5,000 inhabitants
higan, it can be.understood that;
udents were few in numbers;
should also be remembered that
the university was moved
in Arbor, only six students
present in 1841 and only four
graduated in 1844.
the amendatory Act of April
1821, the governor and judges'
d another "body corporate and
. with perpetual succession, by
,me, style and title of "The
es of the University of Mich-
composed largely of business
r the administration of the af-
f the Catholepistemiad, in which
ested all the property, rights,
and obligations of the Catho-'
miad, including its debts, and
ally vesting in this second cor- -
n all the lands, granted to the
ary of learning at Detroit". By
ct the Trustees were empower-
establish "acadamies" in differ-
troit in a constitutional convention on
May 3, 1835, and adopted a constitu-
tion, which was ratified by the people
on Oct. 2, 1835, when state officers and
members of the legislature were elect-
ed. The state officers ,were inaugurat-
ed at Detroit on Nov. 3, 1835, when the
Legislature also assembled and the
state government began its functions.!
Some questions, which thereafter!
arose were decided by the. supreme
court, which held that Michigan be-
came a state, with all the powers,
rights, and duties of other states on,
Nov. 3, 1835. In the face of the rec-
ords and the decisions of the supreme
court, the Regents. persist in issuing~
certificates of graduation, wrongly
stating that Michigan became a state
in 1837.
By the act of March 18, '1837, the
legislature created anothei' "body cor-
porate by the name and style of the
Regents of the. University of Michi-
gan", and by the act of March 20,J
1837, fixed the location of the Univer-
sity at Ann Arbor. The supreme court,
in Its opinion, written by Mr. Justice
Campbell, used the words:
"In its origin iia 1817, it had no
locality prescribed; so, when the
.1 modifying Act of 1821 was adopt-
ed, it was located at Detroit.
When the Act of 1837 was passed,
its location was prescribed at
Ann Arbor." (p. 191).
Peope vs. Auditor, 17 Mich. 161.
The supreme court had no doubt but
that it had its "origin in 1817."
. When the corporation, called the
Regents, undertook its duties, it found
that it had no money, no property,
and, no title to the land grants, the,
title to which was vested in the Trus-'
tees. A, suit was begun at Detroit,
undoubtedly an agree'd case, seeking
to vest the title to the land granted
by Congress to the Regents. In order
to effect this. transfer and conveyance
the supreme court laid down the legal
principle that, 'by operation of law,
this third corporation,'called the Re-
gents, was the successor of the second
corporation, called the Trustees, and
that that corporation, was the legal
successor of the Catholepistemiad. It
was thus established by judicial ad-
judication that the University was
founded in 1817.
The dean of one college of the Uni-
versity has stated that the Catholep-
istemiad was a "joke." Another dean(
i. c
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