THE MCH1AN DAILY
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Ta
9
Engineering
Regi
OO.
It Tested Submarines
Dean Cooley
Three hundred feet long, twenty- parts,-surface friction and wav
too feet wide, and ten feet deep, are making resistance. According t
4e dimensions of the experimental Froude's law, resistance varies as t
ip tank of the University of Michi- cube of the lineal dimensions at co
gan which is located in the basement responding speeds, i. e., at speed
the east wing of the New Engineer- varying as the square root of th
i building. The primary object of lineal dimensions. It is therefor
t e tank is to perform experiments possible to experiment with, model
i on various forms of ships and to at fairly low speeds atfd yet obtai
terminr the resistencesto motion results which correspond with hig
these formes to all speeds.spesithfulizdbl3
This tank was one of two naval speeds in the full sized ship.
tanks in the United States when the The subject of resistance of ship'
war broke out, and it was here that forms is one which requires a larg
the first submarines which crossed amount of investigation, and it is ex
toe Atlantic ocean for the United pected that the work done at the Uni
states were tested. Because of its versity will help to';ards the solutio
siccessful work it was necessary to of many problems and prove a bne
station guards to insure its safety fit to the profession of Naval Arch
against destruction. tecture. Some of the research wor
,:The object of the tank, as mention- of the tank deals with the systemati
e,, is to perform experiments upon investigation to determine the mos
various forms of ships. The shape economical form of vessel for an
ci lines of a vessel, together with the service. Special problems dealt with
estimate of the horse power necessary are investigation on various types o
t drive it at any given speed is one submarines, development of the bes
of the most difficult tasks of e na form of lake freighters, and work in
v,1 architect's work. The "nature of connectioh with the Mississipp
ditions to be fulfilled are: rarely river commission, and the United
t same for any two' shipsThis States army; engineers. During th
ans, that while forme experience war a sries of' experiments to.deter-
luabin shie olvin i ew p- mine the most economical shapes o
I nshppropulsionx, It sed lap- vrostpso~ecatvses1
ns that a new design is the exact various types of merchant vessels fox
e unterpart of a former one. tis the united States Shipping Board
t en necessary to determine what the 'We? rconddte.
ect of modifications of a vessel's k1czntly there has been installed b
in will have upon the speed of' the? nail eeriental thete foe earry
hip.. 'ingout research wotk In the subject
14odels of various forms are tried, of "C'amonflage" of vessels. At the
d the effect of variations of the ra- close' of the war, this was presented
ts- of length' to beam or draft are to the university by the Emergency
termined. Other experiments deal- Fleet corporation'of the United States
i g with the effect of bilge keels upon Shipping board, together with numer-
t e rolling and speed of vessels are ous models and complete reports of
toed in the experimental tank. the development of this science from
"The length, 300 feet, is the least its inception.
taet can be used in order to allow time __- _
for starting, obtaining uniform speed,,
aid stopping. The breadth and depth Fifteen Thousand
are necessary so that the effect of the
es and bottom will not have any Lines To A Inch
i fluence upon the resistance of the 1e. TO A n Inch
de. I
panning the tank is a traveling. Designs are completed and con-
t ck which runs on rails on either struction well started on a machine
e. This truck is ,r ve by a - fQr, r 1 n, spectoscqpici gratings to
rse power motor e ds a e us d i t . plysc dp rmnt of
so regulated as td., 6ve speeds to the Oniversity. This machine will
t truck varying from about ten cut 15,000 lines to the inch in the sur-
fet per minute up to eight hundred face of steel plates to be used in re-
f t per minute. The models are run fiecting the r infra red r1ays of the
a series of different spedds! d 'sp ctru.t V A )U . .
1rve of resistance in terns of speed The gratings that are to be made
otained. In order that eA my on thlik 1aihie art cut"rwith adia-
uniform and not effected by ,nond,, the sideqs of which are ut on
anges in power at the po*br lhouse an' algle of 85 degrees to each other.
special motor generator hs been This iamond, is drawn over the plate
i talled on the truck. in a perfectly straight line an'd on the
n the )front end of the truck ls.is eturn stroke. the lateis. 4vance I-'
t dynamometer through which the 14,400 of an inch forward.' his slow"
dels are towed. There s :advn emen is mde possible by cons
v ving drum which is driven from trolling the carriage with a 'screw
t main shaft of the truck. ;The'time1 havng a' pirad cut twenty threads to
tance and speed are determined 4y the inch. Qn the end of this screw is
c .cks on the drum. Two pens' regis:- a gaii with 720 teeth 'in its, circum-
t the amount that the model rises ference and upon turning the gear
ot falls at the bow or stern when one notch ahead this gives the screw
Moving at different speeds. a turn of one 720th of a complete
The models are made of paraffine revolution and with twenty threads
wax with a mixture of about four per Ito the inch this advances the plate
c nt bees wax. Before casting a 1-14,400 of an inch. These lines are
n del a mould is first prepared. This actually cut into the surface of the
I made of ordinary clay. Sections of plate but can be seen only with a
the vessel at different points in its high powered miscroscope.
length are first cut out of wood, The diamond was ground in the
aboutone-quarter of an inch larger labratory of the physicsndepartment
these, with a special cutting -machine, from the best lapidaries in the coun-
armodel of the ship to be tested is try had failed.' This was done by
made. The models used are from ten suspending the diamond over a re-
t twelve feet long, and may repre- volving plate making 7,000 revolu-
sent a vessel of any size. In order to tions a minute. The plate was spread
predict the resistance of a full sized with diamond dust and after months
ship from that of a model, Froude's i of grinding, diamonds that are satis-
"law of comparison" is used. The factory have been prepared.
tIngs to be considered in the total This machine is capable of making
resistance of a vessel consists of two gratings up to 10 by 24 inches, the
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(Continued from Page Nine) Electrical Registration,
much more highly remunerative posi-
tions, shows the true character of i_
Dean Cooley. He had intended retie-
"What is reputed to be the only The whole thing is portable, and is
ing from the University when he had registration system of its kind in ef- termed "field service" by those who
1ccomrlished . his chief desire, the fect in the universities of the United use the \outfit. The building and
completion of the engineering build- ' States is used in the engineering ;grounds department put the sets in
ing. However when that time came-' school of the University of Michigan," place with the wires running down
he decided that he was too old 'to get is the statement of Mr. Stephen S. i the air shafts in the engineering
into another place and 'had. become;!Attwood, instructor in electrical en- building. There is a telephone put in
interested in so many other 'projects! gineering, who has charge of the sys- every room where there will be
which were uncompleted, that he tem as it is now used here during en- classifying.
must stay here until the time comes I rollment. The other end ot- the wires are
when he will retire to his ":farm"!The system was installed by Roy gathered in one big room where there
near Canandaigua, N. Y. Elliott, an instructor in the depart- is a large blackboard, about 25 by 26
This farm is located along a lake, ment, four years ago. This was due feet. On it are all the classes, and
and an the small stretch of level land'to the necessity of formulating some all the sections. This is placed
adjoining, Dean Cooley has his home, syw'tem to facilitate enrollment in 'the where everyone in the room can see
a large orchard and the "farm" land I school, and it is considered one of the it. In this room are students, usual-
itself. Right now he is perfecting most original in existence. ' ly seniors, who take care of the
plans for an extensive berry patch In the engineering school the cur- board.
which he hopes will attract the birds riculum calls. for certain courses in As each student goes to his classi.
from his orchard. On the place is an definite order. One course cannot fier, depending on whether he is a
old road house and the Dean points precede another. There are 140 sub- chemical engineer, electrical engi-'
with pride to the one end of this jects in order, one depending on an- neer, architect, etc., with his card
building in which he says is located a other. The student is allowed small which has been wokred out by his ad-
"ade up. The slips must also be
signed before the student can join any
of the classes.
This system has facilitated the
working out of the courses the engi-
neers take. The necessary dove-tail-
ing of all the courses make it neces-
sary for certain courses to be taken
at certain times. If the eselection the}
student makes is possible, he can find
out through this system of telephon-
ing without changing all courses;
when one cannot be taken. The auth-
orities believe it has been a greatI
time-saving device, and all praise its
worth, and also Its originality.
Professor Ziwet
(Continued from Page Nine)
about Professor Ziwet is his versatal-
Ity," says Assistant Dean George W.
Patterson, of the engineering school,
who has been a friend of Professor,
Ziwet since 1889. "There is not al
thing you can ask him that he is not
well informed on. He reads practic-
ally every worth while English book
that comes out. Art, music, drama,
all interest him, and he has an inti-
mate knowledge of them all."t
"French, Italian. Ge
Polish, and English, are
languages that he speaks.
read Latin and Greek as
read one of our own books, an
well acquainted with the histox
these races. Characters in hist
are like friends to hini, for he know
them all intimately through thorough
study of them," continued Dr. Patter
son. "For instance, one time I wam
asking about a woman of the court o
Louis IX, and he told me all abou
her, her name, her position, her faim
ily. Another time we were speakini
of a quotation in Greek that was hard
to translate into English. He trans
lated it, and then went on to telline'
where it was found, who wrote it, am
on what occasion it was written. Pro-
fessor Ziwet's knowledge of things'ir
general is marvelous."
That Professor Ziwet is a scholaz
is attested to by the list of books he
has written. Among them are: The-
oretische Mechanik," a transiatior
from Russian into German of a book
by 1. Somoff, "An Elementary Treat-
ise on Theoretical Mechanics," part 1
"Kinematic," part 2, "Introduction to
Dynamics, Statics," par4 3, "K.ine-
tics.
real pre-Volsteadian bar, with a brass'
rail, an old mirror and everything
else but. . .
Dean Cooley has been president oft
the Society for the Promotion of En-
gineering Education, Michigan En-3
gineering Society, Anerican Society
of Mechanical Engineers, Federated
American Engineering Societies and
chairman of the American Engineer-F
ing Councdil anfd vice-president of sev-
eral other national societies. He holds.
the degrees of mechanical engineer -
from this University, Doctor of Laws
from Michigan Agricultural College
and Doctor of Engineering from Uni-
versity of Nebraska.
Many of the largest concerns in the
country have had him place valua-
tions on their holdings and lie has
e2timated properties with adtotal re-
production cost of over two billion
dollars in this capacity. He appraised
for the State Tax commission all
choice. In the presence of, and with}
the endorsement of certain faculty
members who help with the registra-
tion, the student fills out his card.
The profes$or, who is called a classi-
visor and himself, he finds whether he
can take a course through this tele-
phone system. The classified tele-
phones to the room where the board
is, and asks if a certain course is
tier, looks back on the student's' open. The courses are phoned in by
iecord, and decides, whether the stu- number. The men tending to the
dent can elect- that ,course. board,-there are different ones for
In the past the student had to take each course, repeats to the classifier
the card' from table to table to have whether the class is closed or wheth-
:it' passed on by different professors. er it is open. If the student can join
If one class was full he had to start the course another student is chalked
over; for each subject must dovetail, up on the board. This is done by
and if one course cannot be taken, chalking with different colors each
others cannot be elected. This spoil- student entered or whether the class
ed the card. To get around this loss is full, or temporarliy closed.
of time the system of telephone reg- If the student can join the class
istration was orginated. the licensing officers O. K.s the card,
The field telephones of the signal and the student can take up the
corps, of the same kind that were course. Then after getting all courses
used during the war, are borrowed passed on in this way the work of
from the university field corps. There the engineer is elected. The slip is
is a hand set-a small telephone. then sent into the enrolli g room
Yards and yards of wire are required. where the cards for the oe'ster are
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PARIS
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AMERICAN
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NEW
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Aid used tires in almost every
specific taxpaying properties in
Michigan in 1900, including steam
railroads, (10,000 miles) telephones,'
telegraphs, etc. He reappraised these
latter mentioned utilities again in
1903 and 1905.
Is Sc~hLaest,
(Continued from Page Nine)
tee of the enigineering school "Future
plans for the ' hool alse cntains
'plari for the conpletion the preh2
ent engineering building by forming
two quandrangles. -The iw East j
11ngineering building completed this
year, cost $750,000 with equipnment. It'
*i' -for the. :chemical,. highway aand,
aeronautical engineers. It contains
gn? a!r tunnel for work in aerongutics.
Research work is done there with
Torge, foundry,. and a :machIne shp.
The Davis library is also found in
that building." ' ','
'Among, the enterprises that gradu-j
ates from the engineering school of
Michigan have been connected with,
or put through, are the ship canal
locks at Sault Ste. Marie, Lake Levels
Comnmission which investigated con-
ditions on the Great Lakes with a.
view of maintaining the water level
at a proper elevation to facilitatel
navigation, work with the Reclama-
tion and Irrigation services of the
UnitednStates government, railroad
construction, and the Nicaragua
Canal Commission.
largest that have ever been made.
The largest that are now made here
are cut on a machine that was bor-
rowed from John Hopkins university,
one that is capable of cutting plates 4
by 6 1-2 inches.
'I
For all makes of cars. These
springs are new and guaran.
teed.
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