Page 10-Tuesday, July 21, 1981-The Michigan Daily
EMERGENCY CONGRESS ENDS AMID CRISES
4
C
y
s,
o
Poland enacts sweeping reforms
From APand UPI moderates and took a series of un- "dramatic situation" and said "the years if they feel there have beer
WARSAW, Poland-Poland's historic precedented steps, including use of the most acute sign of this is the lack of abuses of power.
ommunist Party congress ended secret ballot. basic market goods and social In his closing speech, Kania said the
esterday by approving a series of BUT THERE were no signs of any ef- dissatisfaction." action was in line with "socialis
weeping democratic reforms unheard forts to weaken ties to the Soviet bloc, The 1,955 delegates ended their renewal"-the words he uses tc
f anywhere else in the Soviet bloc. and there were many Polish assurances emergency meeting by voting to ap- describe his policy of conciliation.
Emergency talks resumed at the of loyalty. prove a new party statute and other "Our main task is ... law-abiding or
m
to
>t
:o
-
same time in a bid to head off a pair of
strikes later this week and avert a
critical showdown between the gover-
nment and the independent labor
movement. ,
COMMUNIST Party leader Stanislaw
Kania closed the party's precedent-
breaking congress, declaring Poland
must return^ to work to survive an
economic crisis and must avoid "any
test of strength, any dangerous con-
frontations."
Kania said the week-long
congress-which saw the first secret-
ballot election of a Soviet bloc
leader-should "prove beyond a
shadow of a doubt" to Warsaw Pact
allies that the country was faithful to
the Communist community.
The emergency session, called to deal
with severe economic and political
problems that have brought sharp
criticism from Poland's East bloc
allies, strengthened Kania's corps of
"We cannot live in our country under con-
ditions where chaos exists."
-Stanislaw Kania,
Communist Party leader
der," Kania said. "We cannot live in
our country under conditions where
chaos exists."
THE REFERENCE to chaos echoed
comments by Premier Gen. Wojciech
Jaruzelski, who warned 24 hours earlier
the government was prepared to
prevent any further labor unrest in the
country.
The Solidarity trade union plans to
call 40,000 Baltic coast dockworkers on
strike Thursday unless agreement is
reached on guarantees for better
working conditions.
Employees of the state-run airlines
LOT are scheduled to go on strike
Friday to press demands for greater
say-so in running the airline.
Kania refused to dwell on the labor
unrest, perhaps because the emergency
talks resumed to try and avert both
strikes. But he did say the time had
come to stop "these forces which strive
at confrontation with the party."
4
I
The party is considering a set of
proposed statutes that would allow
religious believers to become party
members. It elected its first female
member to the ruling Politburo-Zofia
Grzyb, a member of Solidarity, the first
independent union in the Soviet bloc.
"The congress has ended. We must go
back to work," Kania said. "Outside
the door of this hall we shall meet hard
reality."
HE DESCRIBED Poland as in a
resolutions that reaffirmed many of the
sweeping changes brought on by the
past year of labor unrest and social
upheaval.
The statute provides limited terms
for party leaders, ensures democratic
election and reduces the overlap bet-
ween party and state authority.
IT ALSO provided an even greater
system of checks and balances by em-
powering delegates to call a new
congress at any time in the next five
4
Counterfeiters turn
to food stamp abuse
4
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WASHINGTON (AP)-More and
more, counterfeiters are churning out
food stamps because of their
burgeoning growth and ready misuse
as currency for purchases ranging
from weapons to houses, the Senate was
told yesterday.
"In the past, counterfeiting has not
been very widespread. We had fewer
cases than we had anticipated when the
program started," said John Graziano,
the inspector-general designate for the
Agriculture Department.
"BUT OF LATE we have seen a
definite rise of counterfeiting,"
Graziano said.
In the last month, he said, gover-
nment agents have closed down food
stamp counterfeiting operations in New
York and California after buying $1
million in counterfeit stamps over a
period of months. .
"They had ties to organized crime,"
he told the Senate Agriculture Commit-
tee at his confirmation hearing as the
department's independent investigator
for fraud and abuse.
GRAZIANO SAID the quality of
bogus stamps was very professional,
again suggesting more than an in-
dependent criminal operation.
He said the burgeoning growth of the
food stamp program apparently has at-
tracted counterfeiters. Participation
has soared from 10.5 million people in
1971 to more than 23 million earlier this
year at an annual cost of more than $11
billion.
"AS MORE and more people are in-
volved with the program, the food
stamp becomes more of a common type
of currency and there is a greater op-
portunity for exchange," he said.
"We have found that food stamps are
used as currency for everything from
weapons...
Interrupting that thought, Graziano
rephrased it this -way: "We (gover-
nment agents) have successfully
negotiated the purchase of a home with
food stamps. We are negotiating the
purchase of an airplane with food
stamps."
"AT THE beginning, you could only
redeem food stamps at the grocery
store," he said. "People have learned
there are other things they can do with
food stamps."
Graziano again urged the Congress to
give Agriculture Department in-
vestigators authority to carry firearms
and make arrests. While the greatest
dollar loss in the food stamp program is
through recipient fraud, he said, coun-
terfeiting and other organized criminal
activities are the focus of much of the
department's investigation.
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