3A - Thursday, March 21, 2013
The Michigan Daily - michigandaily.com
ASSAULT
From Page lA
crime alert," University Police
spokeswoman Diane Brown said.
Since Aug. 18, 2011, the Univer-
sity has operated under an interim
sexual misconduct allegation pro-
cedure to investigate allegations
of student sexual misconduct. The
new procedure was put in place
after an April 2011 mandate from
the U.S. Department of Education
was sent to colleges nationwide.
The mandate reaffirms a school's
obligations to investigate claims of
sexual misconduct under Title IX,
the federal anti-sex discrimina-
tionstatute.
"Sexual violence is a form of
sexual harassment prohibited
by Title IX," the mandate states.
"A school that knows, or reason-
ably should know about possible
harassment must promptly inves-
tigate to determine what occurred
and then take appropriate steps to
resolve the situation."
At the University, the Office of
Institutional Equity is responsible
for conducting these investiga-
tions. Allegations of misconduct
can come to OIE from a variety of
sources, including the dean of stu-
dents, the Office of Student Con-
flict Resolution and University
officials.
University spokesman Rick
Fitzgerald said the staff of OIE
is made up of "highly trained
investigators" and has experi-
ence looking into other forms of
misconduct, such as discrimina-
tion or harassment by a University
employee.
Fitzgerald said the crime alert
response to the allegations was
appropriate once OIE and Univer-
sity Police had enough informa-
tion.
"There were various levels of
information available, and it didn't
all come together until the most
recent incident was reported,"
Fitzgerald said. "Then what you
saw was swift action on every-
body's part."
According to Fitzgerald,
because the case is still active and
the University is bound by student
privacy laws, not all details can be
disclosed.
After interviewing those
involved and anypossible witness-
es, an OIE investigator determines
whetheT the- accused is guilty.
These investigations are differ-
ent from police inquiries, and the
standard of guilt for an OIE inves-
tigation is lower than that of the
criminal justice system.
Sexual misconduct allegations
against students are generally first
t reported to the OSCR which then
hands the investigation over to
OIE.
While investigating the first
September incident, OIE learned
of a second possible incident
involving another sexual assault
by the same suspect in the
same apartment. It is currently
unknown how much information
OIE knew about the second inci-
dent and why University Police
were not told about it until months
later.
Brown said a crime alert was
not issued for the first incident
because not enough informa-
tion was known at the time and
the survivor did not want to file a
police report. The second survivor
also did not wish to file a police
report or contribute to the OIE
investigation. No police reports
were filed for any of the three inci-
dents until February.
"People cannot be forced in
these kinds of situations to file a
police report," Brown said.
Police reports, which attempt
to get all the facts recorded, are
vital for most police investiga-
tions. Det. Lt. Robert Pfannes of
the Ann Arbor Police Department,
who is investigating the three
allegations, said a person unwill-
ing to file a police report makes it
extremely difficult or even impos-
sible for police to investigate a
crime, especially in cases that
only involve two people.
"We can't investigate some-
thing we don't know happened,"
Pfannes said.
Holly Rider-Milkovich, direc-
tor of the Sexual Assault Aware-
ness and Prevention Center, said
the absence of a police report
does not mean an event didn't
occur. There are many reasons a
survivor might not choose to file
a report, she added, including
not wanting to undergo detailed
questioning by the police or a fear
of not being believed.
"We want survivors to be in
complete control of their story
and to share as much or as little
information as they choose," Rid-
er-Milkovich said.
In the latest incident in Feb-
ruary, the survivor reported
the assault to a University staff
member. The staff member
reported the allegations to Uni-
versity Police on Feb. 21, who
then informed OIE. The survivor
initially declined to file a police
report, but later did so with Ann
Arbor Police.
Once they were made aware
of the third report, OIE investi-
gators discovered a connection
between the incident in Febru-
ary and the September assaults,
Fitzgerald said.
OIE's assertion of a relation-
ship between three incidents sug-
gests that the second incident was
significant enough to be recorded
or remembered by someone in
OIE.
Within a week of being
informed of the third report, Uni-
versity Police issued a crime alert
about all three incidents. Uni-
versity Police are not responsible
for investigating any of the three
crimes because they occurred at
an off-campus apartment, in the
jurisdiction of AAPD.
Pfannes said AAPD was first
notified of all three allegations
by University Police in Febru-
ary. At that time, an investigation
commenced and remains active.
While the AAPD has contacted
the suspect, he has not been
arrested or arraigned.
Maintaining abalance
between survivor rights and
community safety
With the requirement by Title
IX that the University investigate
all claims of sexual misconduct,
questions arise aboutthe extent to
which information is shared with
UniversityPolice.
Generally, OIE discloses crime
allegations to University Police
when they are "Clery-reportable"
- crimes identified in the Clery
Act, a 1990 federal law dictating
how universities must disclose
on-campus crimes, such as rob-
beries and sexual assaults.
The Clery Center for Secu-
rity on Campus is an organiza-
tion that initially lobbied for the
law and aims to prevent crimes
on campus. Abigail Boyer, direc-
tor of communications and out-
reach for the organization, said
the law applies only to crimes
that occurred on campus and in a
few other specified areas, such as
Greek-life houses.
OIE generally reports all Clery
violations, regardless of location,
and then lets University Police
determine if a crime alert is
required.
Crime alerts from the Uni-
versity are commonly issued for
incidents that go beyond those
mandated by law because many
students live off campus, Brown
said. Amajorityofthe crime alerts
issued in 2012 were for off-cam-
pus crimes and would not have
been required by law.
The University considers
OIE a "campus security author-
ity," which means that OIE must
report Clery-reportable crimes
it's aware of that occur in enforce-
ment areas to University Police.
"Even at institutions with a
police department on campus,
a student who is the victim of a
crime may be more inclined to
report it to someone other than
the campus police," the U.S.
Department of Education's Hand-
book for Campus Safety and Secu-
rity Reporting states. "For this
reason, the Clery Act requires
all institutions to collect crime
reports from avariety of individu-
als and organizations that Clery
considers to be 'campus security
authorities."'
In an interview last month, Jay
Wilgus, director of the Univer-
sity's Office of Student Conflict
Resolution said the Clery Act and
other laws help determine what
information is forwarded to law
enforcement, no matter the pref-
erence of the survivor.
"We report all Clery-reportable
violations to police regardless,
and then encourage all students
and all complainants to report
to the police." Wilgus said. "If
we need to report because of the
Clery Act, we will."
At the start of its investigations,
OIE determines whether to notify
University Police. It is unknown if
or how frequently intelligence is
shared as investigations progress.
"OIE works closely with UMPD
and the agencies share informa-
tion as appropriate," Fitzgerald,
the University spokesman wrote
in a follow-up e-mail.
The situation gets more com-
plicated when the survivors want
to remain confidential or do not
want to cooperate with police.
The 2011 letter from the
Department of Education stated
that schools should weigh confi-
dentiality requests against factors
such as "seriousness of the alleged
harassment" and "whether there
have been other harassment com-
plaints about the same individu-
al," such as in the case of the three
alleged assaults at Zaragon.
Brown, the UMPD spokeswom-
an, acknowledged that there can
sometimes be a conflict between
respecting the confidentiality of
victims and protecting the cam-
pus community.
"There is a challenging balanc-
ing act between helping an indi-
vidual maintain their control and
their privacy and preserving their
rights, and protecting the pub-
lic and keeping the community
informed," Brown said.
Rider-Milkovich said survivors
should be the ones to control what
get released.
"In a crime where a person's
ability to make choices and deci-
sions for themselves and control
their own lives has been taken
away - which is the case in sexual
assault - it's very important for
them to make choices about what
happens next."
ENTREPRENEUR
From Page lA
ticularly the Entrepreneurship
Commission."
He added that this year has
been the first year he's seen
CSG strongly support entrepre-
neurship on campus.
"I think it's really critical
that we continue to build on
that obviously in this election
and the next couple of years,"
Erdmann said.
Erdmann said more students
on campus are starting to iden-
tify as entrepreneurs and start-
ing companies, particularly in
the technology sphere.
Business junior Scott Chris-
topher, president of MPowered
and chair of the E-Commission
chair, is the CSG presidential
candidate with the most first-
hand entrepreneurship expe-
rience. He said that in recent
years, entrepreneurship on
campus has had "peaks and val-
leys," but that in the last year,
the entrepreneurial mindset
has been consistently growing.
"There are many students
across all schools and all majors
who are entrepreneurial and
are starting to say, 'I am entre-
preneurial,"' Christopher said.
One goal in particular for
Christopher is to have CSG
partner with student start-ups.
He mentioned A2 Cribs --- a
website which helps students
sort through off-campus hous-
ing options - as a potential
partner, among others.
LSA freshman Nick Swider,
the presidential candidate for
momentUM, said he wants not
only to keep the Entrepreneur-
ship Commission the most-well
funded CSG commission, but
he also wants to see its funding
increased.
"I think we need to keep
entrepreneurship in the fore-
front," Swider said. "Granted,
don't get too carried away with
things, but at the same time
still make it a pinnacle of what
CSG is doing because it's such a
feather in our cap."
LSA junior Chris Osborn,
the presidential candidate of
forUM, said the party is focus-
ing on "experiential learning"
in entrepreneurship like the
proposed "Flipped Semester"
where students work on self-
directed projects while earning
nine credits.
"Nowadays, it's becom-
ing more and more integral
for students to have experi-
ence-based learning than just
education-based learning,"
Osborn said.
Public Policy senior Alex
Lane of forUM said entrepre-
neurship is in the hands of
entrepreneurs, and that CSG
"can't really make entrepre-
neurship happen." Rather, he
said a forUM administration
would "foster the connections
and programs so students can
do most of it themselves."
Businessjunior Mike Proppe,
the presidential candidate of
youMICH, echoed Osborn,
saying the methods by which
students are taught entrepre-
neurship is changing.
"We have two new regents
who are both small-business
owners, so they understand
this could be where the model
of education is going," he said.
"There is an opportunity for the
University of Michigan to get
ahead on this and start prepar-
ing kids to go out in the world
and have the skills to innovate
and start their own business."
Proppe said youMICH is
looking at the Master of Entre-
preneurship program and see-
ing if similar academic options
can be offered to undergradu-
ates, perhaps with a specific
learning community.
"I think (entrepreneurship
is) an issue that it is rightfully
being brought to the forefront
by students. I think students
recognize the importance of it
they recognize the importance
of innovation," Proppe said. "I
think that's why you see it in a
lot of the student government
campaigns, and it's something
that CSG can have an impact
on."
E-MONTH
From Page 1A
more to come.
The month will also include
speeches by Dale J. Stephens,
founder of UnCollege, an initia-
tive promoting unconventional
education, and Shawn Dough-
erty, founder of Mophie, a brand
of in-case mobile chargers.
Student organization ven-
tures will include EDUpreneur-
ship, an initiative to develop
new educational ventures, and
MPowered Connect, which
brings entrepreneurship to
Detroit.
With the help of various
administrators, including Uni-
versity President Mary Sue
Coleman and Martha Pollack,
vice provost for academic and
budgetary affairs, and through
networkingwith individual Uni-
versity schools and colleges and
their respective student govern-
ments, Parikh said he hoped stu-
dents would be "fired up about
entrepreneurship."
"Our goal through the entire
month is to touch every sin-
gle student on campus either
through an e-mail, an event or a
project," Parikh said. "We know
this is bit of an ambitious goal,
but with the plan we think we
FORD SCHOOL
From Page 1A
incorporate the world's poorest,
small farmers into their global
supply chain for vanilla, which
may end up on your grocery store
shelf," Gayle said.
In addition to public- and pri-
vate-sector business relations,
Gayle discussed women and girls
in poverty and budgeting issues in
non-profits.
Gayle emphasized that CARE
focuses on enacting long-lasting
impact on communities. CARE's
staff members typically hail from
the same area they are working in
and therefore have anunderstand-
ing an area's culture and needs to
provide the best poverty relief.
Gayle discussed a woman from
* Burundi who, in her first time out
of the country, spoke at a confer-
ence about a $2 loan from CARE
that led to her starting a business.
"Just with ripple effects that
had for her family, as a woman
who had been a prisoner of her
own home and a victim of domes-
tic abuse," Gayle said. "It totally
changed the life of her family."
"These things, as small and
simple as they may seem, cause a
whole ripple effect of change and
you see that over and over again."
Cooperation with CARE leads
to the adoption of ideas that may
challengethe community's beliefs.
Gayle mentioned how law passed
in Benin that allowed women to
own land, which, because of the
culture, was not being enforced.
CARE then coordinated with
paralegals to work in the commu-
nity to help locals accept the idea
of women owning land.
Gayle said 90 percent ofCARE's
funds come through donations
from large institutions. These
funds are typically restricted
- that is, CARE cannot decide
where to allocate them within the
company. The other 10 percent,
largely small and personal dona-
tions, is unrestricted. Gayle said
this system makes it difficult for
CARE to recognize administra-
tive costs.
"People will give you funding
for specific projects but you have
to support your infrastructure,"
Gayle said. "I think it's very short
sighted because, ultimately, you
have to maintain that infrastruc-
ture and that platform to be able to
do these programs."
Gayle pointed out that females
make up two-thirds of the world's
illiterate population and, while
they execute 50 percent of agri-
cultural work, they own only 1
percent of the world's farmland
and make up 60 percent of the
extreme-poverty population -
those who earn less than $1 per
day. Moreover, helping a woman
often involves helping a mother
and her children.
"You are able to make intergen-
erational change," Gayle said. "If
you have an impact on the life of
a girl or woman, she will put that
into her family and her family's
outcome will change."
Gayle said 96 percent of women
paid back their CARE loans suc-
cessfully, but noted that research
into this data revealed that women
could be taking out loans for men
and be violently coerced to repay
them.
"Repayment rates are not
the only measure," Gayle said.
"What's happening to the loan?
How are those loans being used?
Are they being used in ways that
actually empower women or not?"
Jimmy Schneidewind, a Public
Policy graduate student, said he
came to the event because of his
interest inhow CARE helps devel-
oping countries economically.
"(Old models include), broadly
speaking, donor countries send-
ing copious amount of money to
international NGO's to implement
some kind of Western agenda,"
Schneidewind said. "I'm inter-
ested to see how she is increasing
country ownership, giving the
recipient countries a greater stake
in them and having a bit of autono-
my in how the money is spent."
DO YOU CARE ABOUT CSG?
Come see the Central Student
Government Presidential candidates
debate the most important issues of
this election at 8:30 p.m. in the CSG
Chambers in the Michigan Union.
Cyprus rules out new bailout plan
Banks expected to
remain closed
until Thesday
NICOSIA, Cyprus (AP) -
Searching for a way out of a crip-
pling financial crisis, officials in
Cyprus on Wednesday pursued
a new bailout strategy that could
include a loan from Russia in
exchange for natural gas leases
and selling off assets from its
most troubled banks.
Cyprus needs to come up with
5.8 billion euros ( $7.5 billion) on
its own in order to secure 10 bil-
lion euros in rescue loans from
international creditors. But the
country's first plan to seize up
to 10 percent of people's bank
accounts failed miserably. Now
officials are trying to limit the
amount of money they need to
take from customer's deposits.
The new "Plan B" could be
voted on as early as Thursday,
three top government officials
said.
The latest move came a day
after lawmakers voted over-
whelmingly against the earlier
plan - a rejection that threw
Cyprus' entire bailout into ques-
tion. That raised the possibil-
ity the country's banks could
collapse, the government would
be unable to pay its bills and
Cyprus could be forced out of the
euro.
That could roil global finan-
cial markets as well as endanger
deposits in the country even fur-
ther.
The new "Plan B" was
described by three top govern-
ment officials, who spoke on
condition of anonymity because
details of the proposal were not
being released until party offi-
cials had a chance to review them
at a meeting Thursday morning.
The package includes a pro-
posal to restructure Cyprus'
heavily indebted second-largest
lender, Laiki. The idea would be
to isolate the bank's bad assets,
which would be taken over by the
government, from its good assets,
which could be sold off to raise
money. That strategy could also
be applied to the country's biggest
lender, Bank of Cyprus.
To avoid bank runs and give
officials time to push the pack-
age through, the country's banks,
which have been shuttered since
Saturday, will remain closed for
the rest of the week, said the cen-
tral bank spokeswoman, Aliki
Stylianou. Monday is a bank
holiday, so banks will not reopen
before Tuesday.
Cyprus has turned to long-
time ally Russia for help, and
Finance Minister Michalis Sar-
ris was in Moscow on Wednes-
day to discuss a range of aid
options and vowed to remain
there until he secured a pledge
of support. "We will be here
until some kind of agreement is
reached," Sarris said.
I