6A - Wednesday, September 14, 2011 The Michigan Daily - michigandaily.com LOAN From Page 1A In the fiscal year 2008, the default rate of University stu- dents was t.4, and in 2007 it was 1.2 percent, according to data from the National Student Loan Data System for Students. The rates announced in a U.S. Department of Education press release issued Monday repre- sent a cohort of borrowers whose first loan repayment was due between Oct. 1, 2008 and Sept. 30, 2009 and who defaulted on their payments before Sept. 30, 2010. Between the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 academic years, the University's Board of Regents raised tuition 5.6 percent but committed $118 million to finan- cial aid initiatives for undergrad- uates. The highest loan default rates typically occur in states with high unemployment rates such as Indiana and Michigan, which ranked as the top states with default rates at for-profit institu- tions, according to DesJardins. But he said the qualifications of many University graduates, together with the generous finan- cial aid program offered by the University the past several years, have kept default rates at the Uni- versity low. "Because people like to hire folks from Michigan, those peo- ple who have loans are likely to pay them back," he said. The University's default rate was slightly less than some of its peer institutions, such as the University of California-Berkeley and the University of Virginia. Michigan State University's rate rose slightly - to 3 percent from 1.7 percent in the 2008 fiscal year - but the rates for universities in Michigan and the state's rates stayed far below national aver- ages, as DesJardins and Michael Boulus, executive director of the Presidents Council, State Univer- sities of Michigan, expected. "I would hope that the default rate would be lower - I mean U of M and (Michigan State Univer- sity), those are our most highly competitive admissions universi- ties," Boulus said. The jump in the national rate sparked concern across the coun- try. Mark Kantrowitz, founder of the financial aid and student loan information website Finaid. org, said he doesn't expect unem- ployment rates to improve in the next four years. This would likely cause an uptick in the default rates since unemployed gradu- ates are often unable to repay their loans, he said. Richard Williams, a higher education associate at the U.S. Public Interest Research Group, wrote ina press release yesterday that student defaults are "just the tip of the iceberg." "It is extremely troubling that defaults have doubled in just the last six years since we are looking at just a snap shot in time which does not capture the full magni- tude of those borrowers default- ing through the lifetime of their student loans," Williams wrote. 0 LAWSUIT From Page 1A library in order to read it. "We're not using these books in any way that competes with the use of the marketplace," Cou- rant said. The process of digitization is a way to preserve deteriorat- ing books, Courant said. The HathiTrust Digital Library began in 2008 and now has 52 partners worldwide. "Mostly what we have these (digital copies) for isto preserve the physical books that are falling apart," Courant said. "So, basical- ly what we have is a backup copy of our library." Paul Aiken, executive director of the Authors Guild - the lead plaintiff in the lawsuit - said he thinks the University's digitiza- tion process is illegal. The digitization is "a clear vio- lation of (authors') copyright," Aiken said. The Authors Guild and the other plaintiffs filed a lawsuit in order "to secure the rights of authors and their works," Aiken said. The lawsuit also targets an aspect of the digitization project that would permit the download- ing of books the University labels as "orphans." According to Cou- rant, "orphans" are books with no copyright information avail- able. "We don't know who has the copyright," Courant said. "If we can't- find the copyright holder after months of searching, then we're going to allow you ... to read that book from your laptop at home." Of these orphans, 27 are sched- uled to be available for download on Oct. 13, with another 140 to be made available in November. "I think that is an immedi- ate threat," Aiken said. "The first works are supposed to be released under this orphan pro- gram in a month from now, so it gives immediacy and urgency to the lawsuit." But Aiken said he is equally, if not more concerned, about the University's ongoing digi- tization of books. Even though full versions of the books won't be available online, he still has apprehensions. "Security is a top concern," Aiken said. "These works do not belong to the universities." According to Aiken, the plain- tiffs are seeking an injunction that would take the copyrighted works off the Internet until Con- gress addresses the issue of digi- tal libraries. There's a proposed settlement to the lawsuit that would ensure the security of dig- ital libraries at the universities, but Aiken said he doesn't want the books online at all. However, Courant said he does not think the plaintiffs will be successful in this case. "It's a little hard to see how (the plaintiffs are) going to object to (the digitization)," he said. GRE From Page 1A provided. Additionally, some questions now have multiple correct answers, and there is no partial credit. Before the most recent revi- sion, the GRE was last changed in 2002, Lee Weiss, director of graduate programs at Kaplan, Inc.in Ann Arbor and a GRE instructor. The Educational Testing Service, which admin- isters the test, announced in December 2009 that it was plan- ning to update the test again because of feedback from gradu- ate and business schools. "Essentially, what (graduate programs and business schools) were saying was the old test was not the most accurate represen- tation of the skill set necessary to succeed in graduate school," Weiss said. A newly released Kaplan sur- vey stated that because of the new revisions, more than half of the nation's top business school programs are now accepting the new GRE as an alternative to the Graduate Management Admis- sion Test. With the changes, students have expressed concern about the extended test length, which Weiss said he believes was designed to test endurance and mental stamina. Weiss -said students should not be too worried about the new GRE despite the many -altera- tions. "From all indications, the ETS is doing a good job of educating graduate programs, and stu- dents should feel very comfort- able taking this test," he said. University alum Jesse Song, who graduated in April, plans to take the GRE this year. Song said he likes the new version of the test a lot better because it focuses on understanding rather than memorization. "As someone who has a lim- ited lexicon but reads frequently, the new GRE is a lot easier," he said. "It's based more on reading comprehension rather than just memorizing vocabulary." Jonathon Hung, a 2009 Uni- versity graduate, plans to take the GRE this year and also said he prefers it to the old version. "It does take some adjustment to get used to the new question style," Hung said. "But I think grad schools will have a better idea of how their applicants will handle higher-level education." However, University alum Brittney Miller, who graduated this spring, said she thinks the revised GRE still may not be the best test to efficiently assess the academic abilities of future graduate students. Miller said she knew a few people who did not "perform optimally" on the GRE yet still succeeded in grad- uate school as well as in their careers. "Then again, maybe those people are outliers," Miller said. I 0 4i RANKS From Page1A tution'sfuture rankings will be. "What we've seen as well is that sometimes what gets emphasized from year to year can change, so it can actually change the methodology of the rankings and it can affect the rank given to any university," he said. "So it's just really, really unpredictable." Fitzgerald said he is pleased to see the University rank highly among the nation's public uni- versities. However, he also said he doesn't believe rankings are the best guidelines for students to use when selecting a univer- sity. The rankings vary from year to year, and there are various rankings published each year, with each emphasizing unique factors, Fitzgerald said. "Where you go to school or where one of your friends goes to school can be wildly differ- ent than just the absolute rank place," he said. "It's a very indi- vidual-based decision." Fitzgerald added that the Uni- versity does not consider its rank in a publication to be a priority. "It's not something that we focus on at all," he said. "We think the most important factor for the quality of a university is the quality of its faculty, of its teaching and of the research that happens here - that's where we put our emphasis." According to the report, the University ranks third among the nation's undergraduate business programs and sixth in undergraduate engineering pro- grams. Among graduate programs, the Ross School of Business ranks 14th in the country and the School of Education and College of Engineering rank ninth. The Law School has moved up two places this year to number seven in the nation, while the Medical School ranks 20th for primary care and 10th for research. I RESEARCH From Page 1A their perceptions of their teens' alcohol and drug use as well as the habits of teens in the general population. The full report, available on the University Health System web- site, states that one in four par- ents were unsure of the extent of their teen's alcohol and drug use. Additionally, parents with older teens were more likely to believe that their children had consumed alcohol or marijuana in the past year. The findings also indicated that parents are far more likely to believe that teenagers other than their own have used alcohol and drugs. According to the study, the parents believed that at least 40 percent of 10th graders used marijuana in the last year and that 60 percent of 10th graders drank alcohol during the time period. Biermann said the poll's results were interesting but not com- pletely surprising, as there tends to be a lack of communication between parents and their chil- dren about these issues. "Kids may have experimented a time or two and wouldn't have told their parents," Biermann said. "This doesn't necessarily suggest that all of those kids are abusing alcohol or drugs." According to the latest Moni- toring the Future survey con- ducted by the National Institute of Drug Abuse, about 52 percent of 10th graders reported drink- ing alcohol in the last year and 28 percent of 10th graders report- ed using marijuana in the past year. This reveals a discrepancy between parents' perceptions and reality, Biermann said. He added that he isn't sure what the reason for this discrepancy is, but he sug- gested that honest dialogue may help parents better understand their teens' behavior. "Parents should talk with their children about substance use, safety and being responsible," Biermann said. Though Biermann's study did not account for alcohol and drug use among college students, he hypothesized that if surveyed, parents would indicate more realistic perceptions of their col- legians' use of alcohol and mari- juana. "These kids have more expo- sure to substances, and they're certainly more at risk," he said. "(However), colleges are provid- ing alcohol awareness education and really reaching out to stu- dents to combat the problem." LSA junior Donald Henry said he and his parents tend to shy away from talking about drink- ing. "They realize that most col- lege-aged kids do (drink), butthey don't want to think that I do," he said. Another student, who request- ed to remain anonymous, said she has discussed drinking with her parents but noted that they're not overly concerned about her hab- its. 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