0 IF I 6B - The Michigan Daily - Weekeld MagaZiic - Thursday, October 24, 2002 Is the U responsible for students' health? The Michigan Daily - Weekend Ml(aai e - 'Paid' paves way for your favorite rapper By Megan Murray Daily Staff Reporter Since 1971, when the legal vot- ing age became 18, students theo- retically have had control over all aspects of their lives. Universities no longer imposed curfews or dress codes, and co-ed dorms became the norm. Parental influence became less and less of a factor as bills and reports were sent directly to the student. Although the student is consid- ered an adult, who is responsible for the student's mental health? When away at college, does the responsibility for student's mental well-being shift from the parent to the University? Suicide is the second leading cause of death among college stu- dents, and depression is a growing issue. In recent years, the in loco parentis debate surrounding uni- versities has been reopened as to whether the school should act in place of the parent when a student's health is at issue. A recent example occurred at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2000 when student Elizabeth Shin burned herself to death due to her severe depression daughter's state, the Shins lost the chance to save her life. To make the matter more complicated, the Shins claimed that M.I.T. failed to act in their place - "in loco parentis to the deceased." Dr. Robert Winfield, University and stress. Her . parents were never informed that the school psy- chiatrist had considered hospitalizing their daughter due to her seri- ous and dan- gerous mental A t the University, we are not guided by the legal in loco par- entis, but rather guided by good judgment for the stu- dents' well-being. - Dr. Robert Winfield Director University Health Services Health Service director, com- mented on the difficult bal- ance between protecting a student's per- sonal safety and protecting a student's per- sonal privacy. "6 A t state. Two years after the incident, Shin's parents filed a $27 million wrongful death suit again M.I.T. They claimed that M.I.T had been overly concerned with protecting Elizabeth's confidentiality. By fail- ing to inform them about their $2.99 (White shirt, min. 144) $3.99 (White shirt, min. 72) $15.99 (White shirt, min. 36) Prices include up to 4-color front imprint. University Health Services, we act as health care providers and teach- ers for learning how to cope, rec- ognize care and help individuals who are experiencing depression. At times when deemed appropriate, we act in advisory ways, like a par- ent would, but we do not take the place of parents," he said. "Generally, we treat students as adults who are needing support and care. At the University, we are not guided by the legal in loco paren- tis, but rather guided by good judg- ment for the students' well-being," Winfield added. Not only have universities treat- ed students as adults but students have also gained legal rights to pri- vacy. Two decades ago, universi- ties saw their roles as parental. Today, the level of privacy control has increased through such meas- ures as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, which created higher national standards for health care records and data. "HIPAA created a higher level of privacy control and reinforced the importance of confidentiality. In general, the University protects the privacy of the student unless there is a profound risk to the safety of the student or to other students," Winfield said. Under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974, there is legal protection of a stu- dent's educational records. FERPA and HIPAA are important legal means for guaranteed protection to which all universities must adhere. Todd Sevig, director of University Counseling and Psychological Services, said CAPS is primarily governed by the Michigan Mental Health Code as opposed to specific University policies. "The mental health profession is based on privileged communica- tion in a confidential manner. Confidentiality is the hallmark of our profession and it is not taken lightly," Sevig said. "In accordance with the Michigan Mental Health Code, the University's responsibility for mental illness is to provide e men adequate feSSIon resources, edu- .e . cation and pr1Vileg quality services cation in a along with working with manner. Con the community the hallmark to increase o a wa en ss,"Sion and it awareness," Sevig added. lightly. In the M.I.T. case, Shin's parents argued Director,dUni that confiden- and Psy tiality should have been breached. It is a very unclear and gray area as to when a university should break confidentiality with a patient to inform outside sources such as family members. The decision is often between violating the rule of privacy to possibly save a person or protecting the rule of privacy to preserve the patient-doctor rela- tionship. "It is a difficult judgment call, because violating privacy damages the established relationships. It is t e if v yc also hard to know if the student is in real danger or just experiencing pain," Winfield said. Although the University pro- vides services such as CAPS and UHS, there are many reasons why students suffering from mental ill- nesses like depression may not seek the help they desperately need. "There are also some societal fears because in some cultures, mental illnesses are more unac- ceptable than in others. Thus, stu- dents are more reticent to seek help," Winfield added. Other students in need of treat- ment believe they cannot afford treatment. Yet, the University pro- vides alternatives and makes the important resources available to all students. Community awareness is essen- tial to reduce the negative stigma associated with al health pro- i 11 n e s s es. is based on When the com- munity gets d communi- involved in confidential helping stu- . dents, whether identiality is it is faculty, of our profeS- advisors or the S not taken media, prob- lemsmay be treated before - Todd Sevig they become ersity Counseling too advanced. ersiy Sevices p"Within the l ogicalServices past five years, there has been a fairly significant increase on campus in the number of people concerned about mental health. The University has been continually trying to advance knowledge and coordination which is wonderful," Sevig said. "With University responsibility, it is important to know it is not a clear yes or no answer. Rather, it is a multidimensional effort, collabo- rating education, resources and community to help any student who needs assistance," Sevig added. By Joseph Uban Daily Arts Writer "My favorite jam, back in the day, was Eric B. for President," proclaimed Phife on A Tribe Called Quest's Mid- night Marauders. Assuming that Phife wasn't alone in that opinion would not be a stretch. It also would not be a stretch to label Paid in Full one of, if not the, most influential hip-hop albums of all time. In 1987, Eric Barrier and William Griffm,f known to most as Eric B. and Rakim, dropped the hip-hop classic and revolu- tionized rap music. Most notable for its liberal use of sam- ples and Rakim's rhyming style, Paid in Full has probably been in every promi- nent emcee and producers' tape decks at some point. But to truly understand why Paid in Full has made such an impact, one must first recognize the album's quality in and of itself. To call James Brown the "Godfather of Rap" might not be a misnomer, even if it does not sound as familiar as one of his other better-known monikers. Sam- pling Brown records has become a com- mon practice in rap music, and there are literally thousands of songs that have done so. However, Eric B. popularized the convention on Paid in Full, display- ing a talent for sampling and setting a precedent for one of hip-hop's distin- guishing characteristics. Drawing from Brown classics like "Say it Loud (I'm Black and I'm Proud)," "Hot Pants," "Funky President" and "I Know You Got Soul," Eric B. created "Move the Crowd," "Paid in Full," "Eric B. Is Presi- dent," and "I Know You Got Soul." What made Eric B.'s use of the tracks so impressive was that he found ways to pare down the beats to accentuate Rakim's rapping while still splicing in enough instrument riffs, Brown excla- mations and synthesized noises to keep the tracks interesting. Barrier used the same techniques to incorporate now-dis- tinguished hip-hop sounds like the bass line from Dennis Edwards'"Don't Look Any Further," familiar to most as the bass line from 2Pac's "Hit 'Em Up." Additional proof of Eric B.'s produc- tion prowess could be found in the tone of the album and its effect on listeners. Paid in Full was not the sort of album which one casually put on in the back- ground while attempting to seriously concentrate on something else. Certainly one could have listened while driving or hanging out with friends, but its engag- ing and often mesmerizing sound made the record too difficult to completely disregard. This owed to the album's tempo and nature. The former was From never too fast, but ' the never too slow and fVait produced a perfect rhythm to which lis- teners could shake their heads and grad- ually become entranced. In latter-day music, a similar effect has been created by trip-hop, yet Paid in Full was sonical- ly simpler than its musical progeny. The latter, the nature of the sound, was so enrapturing because it never over- whelmed audiences but still did not sound monotonous. A modern-day analog might be the music made by Wu-Tang Clan's Rza, who, when at his best, pro- vides artists and listeners with beats that never overwhelm, never sound bland, and never fail to capture ears. To continue without cataloguing just how many artists have used Paid In Full's beats or samples first found by Eric B. would be a mistake. The short list includes 2Pac, Biggie, Dr. Dre, EPMD, The Fugees, Ice Cube, LL Cool J, Nas, NWA, A Tribe Called Quest and mostly every other hip-hop act worth hearing. Having raised sampling to an art form is not all for which Paid in Full should be remembered, though it certainly would be enough. ("Ain't no Puffy, now just Diddy," Sean? It's more like "Ain't no sampling, ain't no Diddy.") Maybe even more influential than its beats were the album's lyrics, provided by Rakim. To bet that no rapper in the past 15 years has avoided using a Rakim-inspired bar or two would most likely win a gambler plenty of money. There is no way to over- state how pervasive Rakim's rhymes have become. Music fans need merely play their favorite rap album to hear some interpolation of Griffin's words. Those keen enough to have noticed Jay-Z's fondness for using lyrics first spit by B.I.G. will surely find that those larcenies pale in comparison to how many emcees have been influenced - honestly or oth- erwise --by Rakim. Ahead of his time is probably the best way to describe Rakim. Still in its rela- tively nascent stages, hip-hop had never before seen rhymes dropped with such vivid imagery or sophisticated rhyme schemes. In comparison to the street- freestyling styles of other pioneering rappers like Marley Marl, Doug E. Fresh, and Slick Rick, Rakim's lyrics were a treatise to their book reports. Equally impressive was that Rakim often made it difficult to pick out the complex lyrics since his delivery style was conversational, lulling listeners with his consistent, confident, and measured delivery. He clearly separated himself from his contemporaries. This microphone persona which Rakim cultivated also served him as a braggart. Unlike many other aspects of hip-hop, Paid in Full did not introduce the braggadocio present in most rap music. However, Rakim's coolly stated assertions and claims seemed more con- vincing than most given his assured style and talent. The narratives, similes and metaphors that Rakim employed have now become a general rhyme schematic. Fledgling emcees, those without enough to say and less-than-tal- ented rappers need merely lay down a few of Rakim's bars when they run out of ideas or need some help getting their own verses started. 2002's summer street anthem, The Clipse's "Grindin"' is proof of this trend, with Pusha T's open- ing - "From ghetto to ghetto, to back yard to yard" - obviously reminiscent of the ending to "My Melody's" second verse, "From party to party, backyard to yard." However, even hip-hop's elite have sampled Rakim's voice, altered his rhymes or patently stolen his lyrics. Having done so does not wholly dimin- a Dll bustier !hv AMode NMcrr $52 TURN HEADS ON Ftf~. LWEEN! 126 W. ICHIGAN AVE. 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