LOCAL/STATE

The Michigan Daily - Thursday, March 21, 2002 - 3A

RESEARCH

Info. revolution has implications for society

Scientists analyze
varying speeds for
seismic waves
Geologists have long been fascinated
by the seismic waves that travel through
the Earth's mantle, the layer between the
Earth's crust and core. New research
from the University's Department of
Geological Sciences and Yale University
help explains the variations in speed at
which the seismic waves travel.
The speed of seismic waves - the
same waves that cause earthquakes -
depends largely upon the density and
strength of the rock through which the
waves are traveling.
The tendency for some waves to
move faster than others through the
same patch of mantle can be attributed
to multi-layered areas with varied chem-
ical compositions and differing mineral
gramn alignment.
These factors can cause one seismic
wave to split into two - one being
faster than the other.
The recent study incorporated a more
detailed look into the workings of the
lower mantle through experiments and
mathematical modeling.
Study author Allen McNamara and
colleagues found that mineral grain
alignment, not varied composition, caus-
es the unusual seismic wave behavior in
the lower mantle.
"Seismology and geodynamics have
been integrated quite successfully in
studies of the upper mantle, where much
clearer observations and the better illu-
mination of interior structure leads to a
more robust understanding of physical
processes," assistant professor of geolog-
ical sciences Peter van Keken said. "But
this is really the first step toward using
that approach in the lower mantle."
Their work will be published in the
March 21 issue of Nature.
Internet gamblers
susceptible to
gambling addiction
People who participate in Internet
gambling are more likely to develop
serious gambling problems than peo-
ple who use slot machines or play the
lottery according to a recent research
survey conducted by the University of
Connecticut.
Although Internet gamblers made
up a mere 8 percent of the 389 people
surveyed, 74 percent of those who use
the Internet to gamble were found to
have problematic and pathological
gambling behaviors. Only 22 percent
of those who did not partake in Inter-
net gambling were categorized as hav-
ing such behaviors.
According to the study, Internet
gamblers tend to be unmarried and
younger than those who do not use the
Internet for gambling. Lower levels of
education and income are also among
the traits of people with Internet gam-
bling experience.
"The availability of Internet gambling
may'draw individuals who seek out iso-
lated and anonymous contexts for their
gambling behaviors," said psychologists
George Ladd and Nancy Petry. "Accessi-
bility and use of Internet gambling
opportunities are likely to increase with
the explosive growth of the Internet."
Perfume makes
women more
sexually attractive
Researchers at San Francisco State
University conclude that women's per-
fume laced with synthetic pheromones
acts as a sexual magnet and increases the
sexual attrActiveness of women to men.

Of the 36 women tested, 74 percent of
those wearing their regular perfume with
the pheromone saw an increase in the
frequency of kissing, heavy petting and
affection, sexual intercourse, sleeping
next to their partner and formal dates
with men.
Before participating in the experi-
ment, one woman reported engaging
in kissing and petting about one day
per week. After wearing the
pheromone, the number increased to
nearly six times per week. The woman
also reported sleeping next to a
romantic partner and engaging in sex-
ual intercourse four nights a week
while wearing the pheromone com-
pared to less than one night a week
when she did not wear the pheromone.
- Compiled by Daily StaffReporter
Kylene Kiang.

By Shoshana Hurand
Daily Staff Reporter
The social ramifications of
advancing technology was the topic
of visiting honors Prof. Clinton
Brooks' public lecture in Angell
Hall yesterday. Titled "Information
Revolution - No; Social Revolu-
tion," the talk included issues
regarding connectivity and people's
relationships with knowledge given
the continual and fast-paced evolu-
tion of technology.
Brooks stated that the constant
flow of information gives people the
impression that thoughtful analysis

means neglecting other content.
"We are not making time for
reflection," Brooks said. "We've
allowed ourselves to get into this
point-and-click mode."
Despite the vast amount of infor-
mation that technology provides,
Brooks said that these resources are
more important to us as a means of
communication than as a supply of
information.
"The important aspect is not the
content, it's the social impact that
comes because of the connectivity,"
Brooks said. He stated that Ameri-
cans pay approximately $10 billion
every two weeks for telephones --

more than they pay for movie tickets
in one year.
Much of this technology common-
ly used for communication was never
intended for social use.
"E-mail was never even dreamed
of being the social connector that it
is today," Brooks said. "People take
the technology and adapt it for their
own desires."
Sarah Soroosh, an LSA sophomore
in Brooks' seminar class said that the
growth and continual usage of vari-
ous forms of communication have
caused a shift in values.
"It takes away from kids growing
up," Soroosh said, referring to col-

lege students' more solid connections
to home via e-mail, instant message
programs and telephones. She added
students will just call or send an e-
mail to their parents telling them to
wire money into their bank account.
"We're putting less emphasis on one-
to-one conversations," she added.
"There is a dehumanizing aspect
of all this technology," said Brooks.
Fifty-five percent of human commu-
nication is through the physical
appearances, such as facial expres-
sions, that cannot be duplicated over
the Internet or telephone lines.
"Face-to-face communication is
where the real communication takes

place," he added.
Huge advancements in our ability
to communicate over long distances
are a continuing phenomenon. In
1998, fiber optic cables were able to
carry 40,000 conversations on a sin-
gle strand. In 2002 this number
climbed to three million conversa-
tions.
Ann Arbor resident Rod Lowe,
who attended the lecture, also said
peoples' views of technology
change with time. He added
advancements in the Internet may
seem "overwhelming to someone
older," but completely natural to a
younger generation.

To be or not to be: women
debate changing surnames

By Soojung Chang
Daily Staff Reporter
Feminism, self-identity, and pro-
fessional identity are some of the
reasons why some women today
struggle with the decision of whether
or not to keep their maiden name or
to hyphenate.
"For me, it wasn't that I needed a
reason not to change my name, but
rather that I saw no reason to change,"
said philosophy and women's studies
Prof. Elizabeth Anderson, who kept
her maiden name when she married
her husband David Jacobi.
"The fundamental rationale for
women changing their names upon
marriage is based on the idea that in
marriage, a woman subsumes her
identity under her husband's. This
contradicts a principle to which I
am committed, which is the equality
of marriage partners," Anderson
added.
Many women think of their maiden
names as an important part of their
identity. First-year Law student Mer-
rill Hodnefield said, "Feminist argu-
ments aside, you self-identify so
much with your name."
Anderson also mentioned that
professionally, it was to her advan-
tage to keep her name. "I was
already publishing under my cur-
rent name, and to change my name
would disrupt the continuity of my
professional identity."
"Women with more education are

more likely not to use their husband's
last name," said sociology and
women's studies Prof. Karin Martin.
Martin said that in the 1990s,
only 10 percent of married women
chose to use something other than
their husband's surname. "I was
surprised at how low this number is
- living in an academic communi-
ty like Ann Arbor one begins to
think it is higher," she said.
Martin, who once considered this
topic for a possible research proj-
ect, said that feminism was a key
factor behind the increase in women
keeping their own names or
hyphenating them.
She also mentioned that while some
women want to take their husband's
last name, "other women are unsure
and do so because of pressure from a
fiance or family members."
Cassie O'Connor, a senior in the
Law School and SNRE said she
doesn't think there is a stigma
against women keeping their last
names anymore.
"It's accepted now in the work
sphere and the private sphere," she
said. She plans on keeping her name
because "I feel that it is a part of my
identity and that I don't want to give
that up."
Kate Prout, an LSA freshman, said
that she plans on taking her husband's
surname after marriage.
"I don't see why it's that impor-
tant," she said about women who want

to keep their names,"but at the same
time, it's kind of an odd thing that
men never change their last name."
In addition to the option of keeping
their maiden name, women are also
hyphenating by combining their maid-
en name with their husband's sur-
name. Sometimes the new
combination is passed down to their
children.
Adrienne Frogner-Howell, an LSA
senior, has had a hyphenated last
name since birth, a combination of
her mother's maiden name and her
father's last name.
"She wanted her name to be part of
my name too," she said about her
mother, who kept her maiden name
after marriage.
"I've come to appreciate it. It's dif-
ferent and I'm carrying a part of both
of the families that I came from."
Frogner-Howell said.
But she plans on taking her hus-
band's name after marriage and does-
n't think she will hyphenate her
children's names. "It was a pain grow-
ing up," she said. "When I get mar-
ried I'm going to get rid of both."
Traditionally, most women in West-
ern cultures have adopted their hus-
band's last names, but Brian Bosscher,
an LSA senior, pointed out that
"changing the wife's name is not
something that is universal. In a lot of
Asian cultures the wife keeps their
last name," while the children take the
father's name.

PATRICK JONES/ Daily
A speaker addresses a gathering of students and Ann Arbor community members
during a candlelight vigil in front of the Michigan Union. The vigil, which honored
victims of Hindu-Muslim ethnic clashes in India, later made its way to the Diag.
Candlelight vigil
honors victims o
ethnic fighing

By Annie Gleason
Daily Staff Reporter

Fifty-eight Hindu activists were
burned alive on a train in India last
month in a Muslim attack. The train
incident has since set off a wave of
Hindu riots in the state of Gujarat in
India that have left over 700 people,
mostly Muslims, dead.
But Muslims and Hindus at the Uni-
versity united last night at a candle-light
vigil on the Diag to demonstrate their
solidarity, to pay homage to the victims
and to ask the government of India to
bring the perpetrators to justice. The
vigil was sponsored by the Muslim Stu-
dents Association, the Hindu Students
Association and the Association for
India's Development.
A joint-statement was read by the
three sponsoring organizations express-
ing disapproval for the recent wave of
violence and urging the government of
the State of Gujarat to take action.
"It is indeed a sad situation when a
government cannot protect its own citi-
zens - when its corruption and preju-
dice fuel and sanction large-scale rioting
and violence against a minority commu-
nity" the statement read.
The statement also expressed disap-
proval toward the perpetrators of the
recent attacks.
"Our religions do not teach us to be
intolerant - our scriptures do not
encourage us to hate and kill our neigh-
bors. Muslims and Hindus have lived
together in peace and harmony before,
and we will continue to do so, as we
manage some mutual understanding and
tolerance"
The Association for India's Devel-
opment will use portions of the state-
ment to send an appeal to the Indian
government.
Keran Basha, a junior in the Business

"We're here to
condemn violence
on both sides."
- Keran Basha
Business School junior
School and vice president of the Muslim
Students Association, said the main pur-
pose of the vigil was "to have two stu-
dent groups on campus come together
and take a humane stance on an interna-
tional tragedy."
"As Muslims and Hindus we con-
demn the violence and we urge the Indi-
an government to reinstate peace and
ensure the protection of it's minorities,"
he said. "We're here to condemn vio-
lence on both sides."
Hindu and Muslim prayers were also
recited at the vigil in memory of the vic-
tims of the attacks.
Muslims, Hindus, and others attended
the candle-light vigil.
Mohsen Nasir, an LSA senior, said he
attended the vigil to express his disap-
proval toward the violence.
"I feel that there are atrocities coming
on both sides," he said. "I think students
should take a stand ... killing isn't the
way to solve things."
The vigil also worked to create a
greater awareness of the recent incidents
in India.
"Without stuff like this, people don't
really think about (incidents like these),
especially when the U.S. isn't involved,"
Business senior Milan Guptal said.
LSA senior Kunjal Dharin, said even
a small ceremony such as this has an
impact.
"Anytime the Muslim and Hindu
communities can come together, it's a
start," he said.

For Proposal 1 in the MSA election on March 20-21
www.umich.edu/~vote
Proposal 1: "Shall the Ann Arbor Tenants Union (AATU) be funded directly by students
through a one dollar per semester fee to guarantee every student the opportunity for
free advice, counseling, and other services regarding landlord/tenant issues?"
YesNo

What will$1 buy?
Knowledge of Your Rights
Your Security Deposit
Lease Review
Resistance to Eviction
Repairs to Your apartment
Network for Unified Action
Ally Against Discrimination
Efforts to Control Rent
Info. Sessions.
Help Getting Rid of Infestation
Parking Lot Enforcement tacti
UM Experiential Learning
How to Request Inspections
An Invaluable Resource
Free Booklets
Housing Questions Answered

Who endorses the Vote YES?
@ U of M:
Student Legal Services (SLS)
Student Mediation Services (SMS)
Residence Hall Association (RHA)
LSA Student Government (LSA-SG)
Graduate Employees Organization (GEO)
Director of Project Community Joe Galura
Black Students Union (BSU)
Native American Student Association (NASA)
s Wesley Foundation Chaplain Rev. Bob Schoenhals
cs Students Organizing for Labor and Economic Equality
School of Social Work Women's Action Coalition
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU-UM)
Students for Urban Redevolpment Through
Gardening and Environmental Education (SURGE)
Defend Affirmative Action Party (DAAP)
Students First Party
Interfraternity Council (IFC)
Theta Chi
Alpha Epsilon Phi
Outside U of M:
* Ann Arbor Mayor John Hieftje
Ann Arbor City Council Members Jean Carlberg &
Heidi Cowing Herrell
.. . . . --.. - - ,

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