The Michigan Daily - Monday, November 12, 2001- 7A
FLORIDA BALLOT REVIEW
Final tally hinges on standards
In its examination of the more than 175,000 disputed
ballots from Florida's presidential election, the
media group analyzed data according to various
"scenarios," or sets of standards. Depending on
the criteria used to assess ballots, the analyses
yielded different outcomes.
Bush/
Cheney
2,91 2,790
Gore/
Lieberman
2,912,253
Certified count
Review scenarios (defined below)
Prevailing standard
Least restrictive
Most restrictive
Supreme Court simple
Supreme Court complex
Two-comers
Gore/four-county
2,916,397 2, 8'457
2,924,588 2,.24,895
2,915,130 2915,24&
,9142' 2,914,998
Nader/
LaDuke
97,488
97,634
97,780
97,587
97,561
97,579
97,631
97,492
Buchanan/
Foster
17,484
Margin
537
17,551
17,675
17,535
17,504
17,507
17,551
17,485
60
107
115
430
493
105
225
FEI NGOLD
Continued from Page 1A
terrorist network.
Students, he said, had also stressed
the need to force pharmaceutical com-
panies to offer discounted drugs to
AIDS and HIV sufferers in Africa,
many of whom cannot afford the drugs
at their current prices.
"No place on Earth can be over-
looked in the fight against terrorism," he
said.
But the two-term senator said domes-
tic concerns that were of top priority
before the attacks should not be put
aside after the attacks.
He spoke of the need to end racial
profiling and a bill to do just that, which
he sponsored along with Rep. John
Conyers (D-Detroit); a bill he co-spon-
sored with Sen. Carl Levin (D-Mich.) to
end the death penalty and campaign
finance reform.
Feingold's campaign finance reform
legislation, co-sponsored with Sen. John
McCain (R-Ariz.), was passed by the
Senate earlier in the year but remains
stuck in the House of Representatives.
Feingold has been working to get the
required 218 signatures of House mem-
bers in order to force his bill to a vote in
that chamber.
In a meeting with reporters immedi-
ately following the event, Feingold said
he was seven signatures short, but was
confident that he and McCain could get
the necessary signatures as soon as they
decided it was prudent to do so, given
Congress' need to focus on other mat-
ters following the terrorist attacks.
"It's really just a delay game," he said.
Feingold also said he did not regret
being the only Democrat on the Senate
Judiciary Committee to recommend the
confirmation of Attorney General John
Ashcroft.
"I believe the president of the United
States, whoever it is, has the right to
pick his Cabinet members," unless they
are unqualified or there are ethical ques-
tions surrounding those individuals, he
said.
Ashcroft, he said, was willing to
make some of the changes Feingold
wanted in the anti-terrorism bill, but
"the .White House put the hammer down
and said no."
- Christopher Johnson contributed to
this report for the Daily.
2,916,324
2,91",31
2,916,066
2,913,126
Defining the scenarios
Prevailing
standard
Based on
majority of
responses
to a suney
of Florida
election
officials.
Minimum
criteria are
a single
comer
detached for
punchcard
or any
affirmative
mark for
optical scan,
such as a
check mark.
Least
restrictive
Minimum
criteria are
a "dimple"
for punch-
card or
any
affirmative
mark for
optical
scan.
Most
restrictive
Minimum
criteria
are a
complete
punch for
punchcard
or a
completely
filled oval
for optical
scan.
Pencil
marks on
punchards
are also
accepted.
Supreme Court
simple
On Dec. 8, the
Florida Supreme
Court ordered a
statewide hand
count of
undervotes in all
counties, except
three counties
and 139 precincts
in Miami-Dade
County, which
had already
completed hand
counts. This
scenario attempts
to implement the
count order
applying a range
of uniform
standards.
Supreme
Court
complex
Based on
the same
premise as
the
"Supreme
Court
simple"
scenario,
but applies
various
standards
according
to how
individual
counties
interpreted
the court
order.'
Two-
corners
Minimum
criteria are
two corners
detached
for punch
card or any
affirmative
mark for
optical
scan.
Based on
arguments
made by
the Bush
camp in the
month
following
the election.
Gore/four
county
Based on
hand
counts in
four heavil
Democrati
counties -
Broward,
Miami-
Dade, Palm
Beach and
Volusia -
which the
Gore camp
argued for
in days
following
the
election.
-
y
ci
DONORS
Continued from Page 1A
"The people receive some sort of catastrophic, irre-
versible injury to the brain, but still have a few functioning
cells in the brainstem," said Mark Gravel, director of Uni-
versity Organ Donor Services. "Their heart will continue to
beat with support, so the family and acting physician must
decide to withdraw treatment.
"It is not the transplant team that declares them legally
dead," he added.
To avoid ethical conflicts, transplant surgeons do not
interact with donors' families. Advice on the decision
comes from the patient's general physician.
"I function as the go-between and have no knowledge of
who may be waiting for those organs," Franklin said.
If the family makes the decision to donate organs, the
Gift of Life Program guides them through the procedure.
Richard Pietroski, chief operating officer of the Gift of
Life, said the new procedure offers a highly effective alter-
native form of donation.
"Most families don't get to experience the involvement of
organ donation. But, to those families who are given the
option to this form, they now have a feeling of something
positive," Pietroski said.
Like other non-heart beating donations, surgeons must
wait until the patient is declared dead, which can potentially
cause damage to the organs.
"Sixty minutes is the upper criteria," said Gravel. "Once
the person is removed from the ventilator, if they do not
reach cardiopulmonary death within that time, we don't go
forward."
"In most places, they don't wait really long because of
the amount of damage to the organ in that time period. The
donation is sort of pointless," he added.
Though University hospital has only performed a few
of these transplants, doctors agree that families have
been more receptive.
"Consent rates have been higher for this than for normal
donation," Gravel said. "People want something good to
come out of a bad situation."
Franklin agreed that consent rates were higher and felt
the increase will continue.
"Most people are very open to discussing the concept if
their loved one is in that category. More myths about dona-
tion need to be dispelled, and I think donation will continue
to grow," he said.
The treatment also gives hope to the approximately 2,500
Michigan residents waiting for organs.
"These families are so grateful. Their loved ones
were so severely brain injured and desperately wanted
to donate, but there was no option for them," Pietroski
said. "It gives them the option, and gives the people
who need organs the gift that they need."
REAL ESTATE
Continued from Page 1A
real estate finance, the proposed curricu-
lum will focus less on the profit gaining
aspects of the industry and more on
P "designing things in a ways that make
life better," said Dewar.
The course of study will emphasize
issues surrounding real estate develop-
ment including community building,
city-working and environmental preser-
vation.
"There is rising concern in real estate
AP among professionals both inside and
outside of the academic field about the
ash declining quality of the built environ-
93 ment as well as the deterioration of the
natural environment. There are faculty,
ted student and professional frustrations
h's with the inability of a single discipline
ged or profession to adequately deal with
these problems," he said.
Kelbaugh added that as an interdisci-
plinary program, it would take advan-
tage of the University's strong array of
existing programs in architecture, urban
planning, business and law. Other poten-
tial participating schools may include
the School of Public Policy and the
School of Natural Resources and the
Environment.
"I think there is more of an influence
for people to go into the financial aspect
of real estate, but having a program that
deals with the fine arts of the industry is
a good idea," said Kris Medina, an LSA
freshman.
Starting in January 2002, the College
of Architecture and Urban Planning will
offer two real estate classes, "The Struc-
ture of Real Estate Deals" and "The
Architecture Planner as Developer."
Both will be taught by University of
Wisconsin at Milwaukee architecture
Prof. Harvey Rabinowitz.
SOURCES: Associated Press; National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago
BALLOTS
Continued from Page 1A
containing more than one choice.
The goal of the news organizations was not to
learn who really "won" Florida; the Electoral Col-
lege already had determined Bush was the winner
following a U.S. Supreme Court decision that
ended further counting and led to Gore's conces-
sion. The aim was to provide a valuable historical
record by thoroughly assessing tens of thousands of
ballots that no one had fully examined.
Much of the legal wrangling focused on how
votes were defined, and the ballot review did, too,
calculating results under different standards - for
example, whether to count as votes "hanging
chads" on punch-card ballots or ballots marked
with an "X" instead of the required filled-in oval on
optical scan ballots.,
Completing two partial recounts that Gore
unsuccessfully pursued in court showed Bu
maintaining a lead ranging between 225 and 41
votes.
Under any standard that tabulated all disput
votes statewide, however, Gore erased Bust
advantage and emerged with a tiny lead that ran
from 42 to 171 votes.
Strikingly, all these outcomes were closer th
even the narrow 537 votes of Bush's official vic
ry. With numbers that tiny, experts said it would1
impossible to interpret the survey results as defi
tive.
The Florida election review was developed1
the AP, CNN, The New York Times, The Pa
Beach Post, The St. Petersburg Times, Tribu
Publishing, The Wall Street Journal and The Was
ington Post. Tribune newspapers include the Chi
go Tribune, Los Angeles Times, Newsday, t
Orlando Sentinel and the South Florida Sun-Se
tinel inFt. Lauderdale.
tan
to-
be
ni-
by
lm
ne
sh-
ca-
the
an-
BUSH
Continued from Page 1A
Actor Ron Silver methodically read the names of each
country that lost citizens in the Sept. 11 attacks. An honor
guard carried each country's flag and planted it in stan-
chions set in front of the dignitaries.
Bush, his eyes watery, either by tears or the stinging
smoke wafting up from the rubble, walked over to a wall
listing the names of the nations.
Just beneath the name of the United States, he wrote,
"Good will triumph over evil. May God bless all of us.
George W. Bush."
It was Bush's first visit to the site since Sept. 14, when he
waded into the ruins with a bullhorn in one hand and an
American flag in the other.
D o n ..............._t._._.._.._._....._..._._.._.._......_...
.. .. . .. .. . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . .. .. .
For more details on the Florida ballot review, read the full story online at
www.michigandaily.com
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