The Michigan Daily - Wednesday, October 10, 2001- 7
Officials cite essna pilot at ault in Italian crash

MILAN, Italy (AP) - Investigators have
traced, Italy's worst airline disaster to a wrong
turn taken by the pilot of a business jet that tax-
ied into the path of a speeding jetliner.
Investigators said yesterday that communica-
tions recorded Monday between the twin-engine
Cessna and the control tower at Milan's Linate
airport indicate the pilot, steering on the ground
through dense fog, was convinced he was on the
R5 taxiway, which loops around the airport's
only runway.
Instead the Cessna taxied down the R6 taxi-
way, which leads directly onto the runway, Milan
Chief Prosecutor Gerardo D'Ambrosio said.
An SAS airliner accelerating down the runway
hit the Cessna, careened into a baggage handling

depot and exploded, killing 118 people.
"It is true there has been a human error,"
D'Ambrosio said, "that the Cessna turned onto
the wrong path, convinced he was on the right
one. But we need to go all the way to see what
may have had an influence on this error."
The details emerged as rescue crews recovered
the last of the bodies from the wreckage and
attention focused on whether ground radar, out
of service for months while a new system was
being installed, could have prevented the cata-
strophe.
The radar, which tracks the movement of air-
craft on the ground, might have alerted con-
trollers hampered by fog to the Cessna's ristake,
experts said.

The MD-87 bound for Copenhagen with 104
passengers and six crew members was accelerat-
ing for takeoff and had its nose wheel off the
ground when the Cessna Citation II with four
people aboard taxied into its path.
The head of SAS flight operations, Lars Myd-
land, told a news conference yesterday that the
SAS aircraft was going 155 mph and was about
halfway down the runway when it started to lift
off.
By yesterday evening all 118 bodies had been
recovered, 38 of them identified, the ANSA news
agency said. DNA would have to be used for
those burned beyond recognition, prosecutor
Celestina Gravina said.
The dead included 62 Italians, 21 Swedes, 16

Danes, six Finns, three Norwegians, two Ger-
mans and a British national, officials said. Four
of the Italian dead were airport workers in the
baggage depot, and a fifth remained hospitalized
in serious condition with burns over 80 percent
of his body.
Experts from Italy, Sweden, Germany and the
U.S. were helping with the investigation.
Gravina and D'Ambrosio said investigators
would look beyond the absence of ground radar
and to other possible safety issues, including
signs on the taxiways that may have been hard to
see.
Ground radar is not required at airports, and
SAS President Jorgen Lindegaard told a news
conference in Milan yesterday that SAS doesn't

require airports to have it operating for its planes
to take off and land.
Italy's main pilot's union, however, said radar
was obligatory for them.
Premier Silvio Berlusconi promised a rigorous
investigation, saying it was "incomprehensible
that the airport of one of the most important
European cities be touched by suspicions of neg-
ligence, omissions, or worse."
Two black boxes from the SAS plane were
recovered: the flight data recorder and an another
device that records equipment maintenance
information. The cockpit voice recorder hasn't
been found, said Adalberto Pellegrino, a
spokesman for ANSV, the national agency for
flight safety.

ATTACKS
Continued from Page 1
able to carry out strikes more or less
around the clock as we wish," Rums-
feld said at the Pentagon.
Rumsfeld said, however, some risk
remains to coalition pilots from heli-
copters, a small number of fighter jets
and surface-to-air missiles.
Rumsfeld and Joint Chiefs Chairman
Richard Myers opened their news con-
ference with before-and-after pictures of
Taliban targets. Each grainy aerial shot
of a terrorist camp or military site was
followed by a second - the target now
cratered or smoke-streaked.
The home of Taliban supreme leader
Mullah Mohammed Omar, about nine
miles outside Kandahar, was struck for
the third time, Taliban sources said.
There was a dwindling number of tar-
gets left to strike in the Taliban's paltry
military or bin Laden's network, a fact
that increased. speculation about Bush's
next move. Rumsfeld said Bush has not
ruled out the use of ground forces; Bush
would not would not say whether he
was considering them.
U.S. officials said the administration
will aid the various anti-Taliban militias,
broadly suggesting opposition forces
could get American air cover. Special
forces, already at work in Afghanistan,
could be used to support opposition
forces, the officials said.
As if to underscore that strategy,
fighting between the anti-Taliban north-
ern alliance and regime forces intensi-
fied on the third day of U.S.-led strikes.
The clashes occurred along the river
separating Tajikistan from Afghanistan.
British Prime Minister Tony Blair,
who lent his forces in Sunday's initial

Crippling the terrorist network
More than 80 percent of the targets were hit through the first two days of air strikes against
Afghanistan military officiais say Below are locations and categories of forces hit

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Garrison
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SOURCE: Department of Defense

AP

raids, said, "We are obviously closer to
achieving our objectives."
In Pakistan, Afghanistan's neighbor
and a fragile player in Bush's coalition,
the government tightened security in the
capital and arrested three Muslim cler-
ics who organized anti-American
demonstrations. Four people, including

a 13-year-old boy, died in new violence.
On the death of the U.N.-affiliated
workers, Rumsfeld said America regret-
ted the loss of lives, but he did not apol-
ogize; "If there were an easy way to root
terrorist networks out of countries that
harbor them, it would be a blessing, but
there is not," he said.

UM School of Music Musical Theatre Dept.


AL-QAIDA
Continued from Page 1
It was the second video released by al-Qaida since Sun-
day, when the United States began its military offensive
against terrorism, dubbed Operation Enduring Freedom.
Abu Gheith warned that the new war against the United
States will target all American facilities and personnel. He
said that Americans "must know" that the Islamic world
will not allow its brethren to come under attack.
"The jihad today is a duty of every Muslim. ... God says
fight. ... The American interests are everywhere, all over the
world. Every Muslim has to play his real and true role to
uphold his religion. And fighting and jihad are a duty," he
said.
The al-Qaida spokesman, an unknown figure until his
appearance at bin Laden's side Sunday, praised the men who

bombed the World Trade Center and the Pentagon for doing
"a good deed" by moving the battle onto American soil.
For all the bravado, abu Gheith's message to the Muslim
world also hinted at angry desperation. The proclamation,
which followed three days of air assaults on Afghanistan by
U.S. and British warplanes, complained about having to live
"under this bombardment"'
Neither the White House nor the State Department had
any immediate comment on the al-Qaida statement. Indeed,
Secretary of State Colin L. Powell did not see the first bin
Laden statement Sunday, State Department spokesman
Richard Boucher said Tuesday.
But some U.S. analysts predicted that the new threat
could eventually backfire on the notorious extremist move-
ment, first by reinforcing the resolve of the international
coalition confronting al-Qaida and then by showing the
group's inability to follow through on its threats.

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SURVEY
Continued from Page 1
effects of the Sept. I1 attacks include
an increase in the willingness to give
up some civil liberties in exchange for
security. Sixty-six percent of Ameri-
cans who responded that they were
not affected by the incidents said they
are willing to give up some freedoms.
The study also shows that the majori-
ty of Americans support random
searches of public places by police.
The majority of respondents also
reported feeling depressed, and expe-
riencing trouble with sleep loss and
concentration. Only 21 percent of
Americans said they felt hopeful
about the future.
But the study also shows that Ameri-
cans are uniting behind their country
after the tragedy. Nine out of 10 people
said they are proud to be an American.
"We can only infer explanations for
that," Traugott said, "but it could be
that people who are now more inse-

care feel the need to rally around
their country because they expect the
government to be able to help."
The study also found that people
feel more favorable toward minority
groups that last year, although
researchers could not definitively
attribute that sentiment to the attacks.
There seems to be a more positive
attitude towards various racial and
ethnic groups," said Prof. James Jack-
son. "We're not saying that the event
caused it, (but) one that could be is
that this event that has occurred is a
bringing together of people toward a
common enemy. It could be a real
change as to how people define what
real Americans are."
The study showed that people are
viewing whites, blacks, Hispanics,
Asian Americans and Jewish Ameri-
cans more favorably.
Although the study shows a dra-
matic difference between the popular-
ity of those groups and that of
Muslim Americans and Arab Ameri-

cans, there was also a dramatic differ-
ence between the popularity of Mus-
lim Americans and Arab Americans
and Muslims and Arabs not affiliated
with the United States.
"When 'American' is attached to
the names, the ratings are higher than
the equivalent group in the Middle
East," Jackson said. "They are more
positive to people that they think are
linked to the United States ... People
are differentiating."
Jackson added that there are no com-
parison figures to show whether, or how
much, the positive attitude toward Mus-
lim Americans and Arab Americans
- decreased after the attacks.
The survey also said that, in general,
Americans understand the complexity
of the attacks and are not looking for
one simple solution, answer, or reason.
"As a nation, we are not making the
mistake of seizing on a single simple
answer to a very complex question,'
said University psychologist Robert
Kahn. "And that's reassuring."

SEARCH,
Continued from Page 1
search process. They could not speak confidentially with
individual candidates, and they could not make individual
background checks on candidates.
"We were therefore forced to rely on the recommendation
of the Presidential Advisory Committee," Power said. "Fortu-
nately, their recommendation of Lee Bollinger was one that
the board was pleased to accept."
Power said he and other regents felt the court injunction
seriously impeded their ability to determine the best president
for the University. Power said the ordeal was one of "bad
process, good result."
"There is no doubt whatsoever that the way in which the
Michigan Open Meetings Act was applied to the University
of Michigan ... had a chilling effect on the willingness of
able University leaders to allow their names to go forward as
candidates, Power said.
By the time the search committee had narrowed its pool of

said communities value their administrators, as evidenced by
the regents' attempt to offer Bollinger a more lucrative com-
pensation package if he stayed at Michigan.
Sen. Alma Wheeler Smith (D-Salem Twp.) contends open
searches do not compromise the quality of the candidate
pool. "We got Lee Bollinger and he's so good that he's been
in demand by the top two Ivy League schools in the country,
so the process works," said Smith, whose constituency
includes the University. "It is not an unhealthy process.
But Sen. Schwarz, a University alum, said he disagrees. "I
believe that the number and quality of candidates who are
willing to go through a private search are considerably higher
and the quality is considerably better," he said.
"They put their careers at considerable risk" by going
through a public search, Schwarz said.
Closed searches do have their downsides, Power admitted.
"There is a risk in that because I think that at the end of the
day a board needs to be sure that the candidates are accept-
able to a university," Power said.
Power said he feels the ideal solution lies in the gray area
1,n~irc~n-mmi~tI j tennr rosed searches. He said search-

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