2 - The Michigan Daily - Tuesday, January 23, 2001 NATION/WORLD Girls face more pressure to drink WASHINGTON (AP) - 'Ihe tremendous pres- sures of peers who drink and teen-age parties appear to have more influence on teen girls than boys as they wrestle with the decision of whether to drink, a federal study found. The study, released today, was conducted by a research branch of the National Institutes of Health. Bruce Simons-Morton, who led the study, wrote in a report that "peer pressure was positively associ- ated with drinking for girls and not boys." The data were developed from confidential sur- veys on drinking and smoking given to 4,200 teens in Maryland's junior high schools. The notion that girls may be swayed by their friends more easily than boys is supported by many experts who have studied the subject. "I'm not surprised at all. Girls go through this tremendous emotional and hormonal change as you they go to seventh grade," said Shannon McLinden, an author on the subject and a speaker on teen-age confidence. "The change comes a: a time when being your own person and trying to stand on your own feet is really important.:" The new study also showed that for boys and girls, "Teens who said their parents would be upset if they were caught drinking or smoking were much less likely to drink or smoke, and the opposite is also true." - Bruce Simons-Morton Leader of the National Institutes of Health study on alcohol use ACROSS THE NAMiON McCain introduces campaign reform WASHINGTON - Sen. John McCain filed legislation yesterday to curb the influence of money in political campaigns, saying he would press politely for a quick vote even though the measure is not on President Bush's agenda. "I also have a mandate,' he said. Sen. Russell Feingold (D-Wis.) the leading Democratic supporter of the legis- lation, said, "This is not a challenge to our new president. The measure would outlaw large, unregulated "soft money" donations frm corporations, unions and individuals. Similar bills have died in the Senate in recent years at the hands of filibusters supported by the GOP leadership. McCain, Feingold and others told a news conference they were on the verge of having the strength to avoid that fate this year, if it came to that. The drive for passage has gained support after the 2000 elections and McCain (R-Ariz.) who challenged Bush in the presidential primaries, returned from the fall campaign determined to press for passage of his signature issue. Officials said they would use a new organization, "Americans for Reform," to lobby in Washington and outside the capital. As part of the effort, these officials, who spoke on condition of anony * , said McCain and Feingold will attend a town hall meeting in Little Rock, A, the top indicator of whether youngsters begin drink- ing or smoking is whether they have friends who do, Simons-Morton said. The conclusion remains true regardless of whether the friends are overtly pressur- ing the teen-ager, the study reports. "We found that the single most important factor is the behavior of their five closest friends," said Simons-Morton. "These teens are nine times more likely to smoke than early adolescents who had no friends that smoke or drink" The finding suggests that traditional images of peer pressure - a dare given at a party, or a joke made at the expense of a nondrinker - may not always be the prime catalyst for a young person's decision. Instead, Simons-Morton said, many teens seem to mimic the behavior of friends. Also impacting the situation: most teens who drink and smoke think their parents don't care. "Teens who said their parents would be upset if they were caught drinking or smoking were much less likely to drink or smoke, and the opposite is also true," Simons-Morton saida In step with other recent studies, Simons-Morton also found that parents involved in their children's lives - engaging in regular conversations, attending after-school events, listening to their problems - were less likely to have children who drank or smoke. Martin opposes freshimanl eligibility SACUA Continued from Page 1. fessional careers as athletes have stopped or are completed. Martin said that he and University Provost Nancy Cantor both would like to help these former University athletes. Martin also mentioned that one of the biggest challenges experienced by current University athletes is that they have difficulty in fitting classes around their rigorous training pro- grams. The NCAA requires University coaches to limit practice time to 20 hours per week. "I think it's important that we bridge the athletic campus with the academic campus," Martin said. In spite of these pending improve- ments, members of the Senate Assem- bly audience expressed conern about athletic students' behavior and the ath- letic admissions process. "It seems to me there should be a connection between the right to be on a team and behavior of a student," Behavioral Sciences Prof. and Director of the University Forum on Health Policy Marilynn Rosenthal said to Martin at'the meeting. Martin said that of all things that the athletic department has no control over, ' "student behavior is number one." Psychology Prof. Emeritus Donald Brown asked Martin, "Can't some- thing more be done to raise the stan- dards?" "I do not disagree with you," Martin said to Brown. Martin said that he has asked recruiters to try to use higher standards. "There is no question," Martin said. "I would do away with freshman eligi- bility." CFO Robert Kasdin discussed the need to more carefully use Human Resources Management at the Universi- EY ty. "There's a real commitment to make Human Resources Management a strategic part of the University," Kas- din said. Kasdin said he would like to see the Human Resources groups at the Univer- sity work together with faculty and staff on issues such as recruiting and hiring. "Rather than seeing Human Resources as a group to get around, we'd like to see them as a partner,"' Kasdin said. "We're in great financial health and we'll stay there as long as we work at it," Kasdin said. The Life Science Initiative was another focus of the assembly's discus- sion with Kasdin. "Is the funding for the Life Sciences Initiative and Institute negatively affecting other parts of the University that may not be directly involved in the Institute?" Medical School Prof. Alphonse Burdi asked. Kasdin said that although there is no question that every dollar used on the Life Science Initiative could be used on other colleges. But Kasdin said to realize that the Life Science Initiative is truly an interdisciplinary institute. on Jan. 29, sponsored by the group. California still t g to avoid blackouts SACRAMENTO, Calif. - Trans- mission problems aggravated Califor- nia's power crisis yesterday as the state continued its struggle to keep the lights on. Stage 3 alerts - the most severe and the prelude to rolling blackouts - remained in effect, marking the seventh straight day with electrici- ty reserves near or below 1.5 per- cent. The Independent System Operator was expecting to avoid blackouts like those that darkened thousands of busi- nesses and homes for several hours last week. Credit was given to conser- vation and the return to service of sev- eral newly repaired plants in Southern California. But the transfer of power between south and north was slowed when the three major conduits were jammed at a bottleneck consisting of just two 500,000-volt lines in central Califor- nia. "The ISO is caught in the middle, caught in a system not improved in three years," ISO spokesman Patrick Dorinson said. Blackouts occurred briefly Sunday for as many as 75,000 customersin Northern California, but they weie caused by a spike in power fron - gon, not from shortages. Jackson applauds, challenges Bush CHICAGO -- The Rev. Jesse Jack- son made good on his promise'-o quickly return to public life, going before a cheering audience yesterday to call on President Bush to improve fund- ing for public schools and maintain affirmative action programs. Jackson's challenges came days r the civil rights leader acknowledged an extramarital affair in which he fathiefid a now 20-month-old daughter. He said yesterday he would work jo protect abortion, support public d"ca- tion and worker's rights and end the death penalty. He applauded Bush for choosing a racially diverse cabinet, but asked hii not to weaken affirmative action progr0. :: 1 +",~ AROUN THEWORL Japan may face looming recession TOKYO - Economists say Japan's chances of avoiding its second reces- sion in 18 months are getting dicier by the day, and were worsened over the weekend by another political scandal that promises to slow action on mea- sures to keep the lackluster economy moving. "I think there's a growing possibili- ty the Japanese economy will see a hard landing," said Yi Chang, analyst with Sumitomo Marine Asset Man- agement. "Economic policy is in a political checkmate." That sense of political check- mate was compounded by allega- tions that Fukushiro Nukaga, state minister for economic and fiscal affairs, received $129,000 from a scandal-tainted insurer of small companies. Nukaga has denied any impropriety and says his secretary made a mistake. He resigned today and became the third member of Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori's Cabinet to quit under 4 cloud in nine months. The damaging disclosures threaten to make passage this year of Japan's national budget more difficult. T y could also undermine efforts to,qp up stock prices in advance of the March 31 end of the fiscal year 1n order to salvage company and bank balance sheets. Putin tells troops it's time to go MOSCOW - Russian Pres*j Vladimir V. Putin put his domesti security agency, known as the FSB, I charge of the stagnant war effort in Chechnya yesterday, telling the army it was time for most of its troopstq pack up and start heading home. Putin portrayed the change in coin mand as a logical development, with the emphasis in the rebel republicngw shifting to special operations 'n.l crime-fighting. - Conmpiledfioin Dail wire ivpotts. 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