NATION/WORLD
The Michigan Daily - Monday, October 2, 1998
7
U.S., North Korea resume talks
Los Angeles Tunes
WASHINGTON --U.. and North
Korean negotiators met in New York
yesterday for the first time in 16
months, resuming high-stakes talks that
a jittery West hopes will rein in the her-
mit nation's growing missile develop-
ment and export programs.
The two-day session comes just
more than a month a tier the Communist
regime surprised and angered its neigh-
bors, as well as Washington, by launch-
ing a satellite that the United States ini-
tially believed to be a ballistic missile.
Although the solid-fueled third
stage of the rocket failed and the small
satellite payload was destroyed, the
rocket flew in an arc over Japan, raising
fears in Tokyo of unexpected military
vulnerability.
"The three-stage (rocket) means
they are much further along than we
had thought, much further along," in
etlrts to build long-range missiles, a
senior U.S. official warned.
ie called the Pyongyang regime
"the only government in the world that's
truly dangerous" to world peace
because of its known nuclear potential
and immediate military threat to South
Korea, where the United States main-
tains 37,000 troops.
The CIA has told (oniress it did
not foresee Pyongyan's ability to
build a three-si agec rocket and that it
considers North Korea's missile-
development program the most
advanced of any hostile state, ahead
of both Iran and Iraq.
In addition, CIA officials warned
that later this y ear North Korea may test
a 'epo DI ong-2 intercontinental ballis-
tic missile with a potential range of up
to 3,0U miles able to reach Alaska
and ! lawaii.
Intelligence officials also say
North Korea earns desperately
needed hard currency by selling an
est imated SI billion a year of bal-
listic-missi Ie technology and equip-
ment to such countries as Iran and
Syria. Another past customer is
Pakistan, which detonated several
underground nuclear devices in
May in response to similar tests by
India.
The Aug. 31 launch by North Korea
weakened alrea dy lukewarm congres-
siona support for a landmark 94 pact
that essenially pays Pyongyang to stop
producing plutonium, which can be
used for nuclear weapons.
"The three-sage (rocket) meas they
are much further along.3."
- An unnamed senior U.S. official
Under the so-called framework
agreement. the United States promised
to provide North Korea with 500,000
tons of fuel oil a year. South Korea and
Japan agreed to pay the bulk of the esti-
mated S4.5 billion for construction of
two light-water nuclear power plants to
replace North Korea's plutonium-pro-
ducingreactors.
But, angered by the rocket launch
as well as the recent discovery of a
vast underground site in the North
that I .S. intelligence officials believe
is being used for nuclear weapons
development, Congress has refused
to appropriate any money for the pro-
gram next year.
The White hlouse insists that the
1994 pact is the only effective mecha-
nism to restrain Pyongyang's nuclear
program and warns that a failure to
meet U .S. commitments could incite
Kim Jong II's regime to resume produc-
tion of plutonium.
As a result, President Clinton
used his executive authority
Wednesday to shift l5 million from
anti-terrorism, nonproli fration and
other programs to a program to buy
150,001 tons of heax y fuel for North
Korea. So far this year, North Korea
has received 216,000 tons; a State
Department spokesperson said the
shortfall from the agreed-upon
500,000 tons was being met by ship-
ments from other countries.
A I .S. team is heading to North
Korea in coming weeks in an effort to
gain access to the underground site
where nuclear weapons development is
suspected, a senior administration otfi-
cial said yesterday
The missile talks in a mid-
Manhattan oil ice building are the first
since June 1996. and the U.S. delega-
tion was led by Assistant Secretary of
State Robert Einhorn. The Korean
group was led by I lan Chang On, a U.S.
expert in Pyongyang's Foreign
Ministry.
Before Jack became a lantern
United Nations Security Council President reads a statement on Kosovo last
night condemning the massacre of ethnic Albanians in Kosovo.
White House
'discusses airstries
Tl'he Washington Post
President Clinton's chief foreign
policy advisers went to Capitol I lill
yesterday to lay out the administra-
tion's case for airstrikes against
Yugoslavia for its military campaign
in Kosovo province and came away
with strong although not unanimous
support from the Senate, according
to lawmakers.
After a two-hour, closed-door
briefing, Secretary of Defense
William Cohen and Secretary of
State Madeleine Albright told
reporters that NAto was ready to act
to stop Serb attacks on the etlhnic
Albanian majority in Kosovo it' a
diplomatic solution was not reached
soon.
"'Ihe combined threat of the use of
force and diplomacy is the best way
of proceeding," Albright said. The
United States has been "working to
get NATO ready and NATO( is pre-
pared to act," she added.
Cohen outlined a number of steps
that the Serbs must take to avoid a mil-
itary strike, including pulling back
their armed forces and police, allow-
ing delivery of humanitarian aid, per-
mitting return of displaced persons
and negotiating a settlement of the
hostilities.
He said Yugoslav President
Slobodan Milosevic should under-
stand he faces a "credible military
threat" if he fails to meet these terms.
Asked about the deadline for com-
pliance, Cohen said, "Soon."
The session, which was also attend-
ed by Clinton's national security advis-
er, Samuel "Sandy" Berger, attracting
most of the Senate in what participants
described as a reflection of the high
level of concern over Kosovo and the
U.S. response to its plight. House
members will be briefed on the subject
today.
Sen. Joseph Lieberman (D-Conn.)
said after the session that he was sur-
prised by the high degree of support
from both parties for tough NAIO
action. While support was not unani-
mous, he said, most of the criticism
came from senators who "thought we
were losing our credibility by six
months of wavering" over what to do.
Some others wanted to give diploma-
cy more of a chance or worried over
the financial cost, he said.
"A clear majority of those who
spoke were supportive ... I was quite
encouraged," said Lieberman, an
Armed Services Committee member
who describes himself as a "hawk"
when it comes to military action
against Yugoslavia.
Lieberman said Sen. Richard
Lugar (R-Ind.) a senior member of
the Foreign Relations Committee,
suggested that Congress might
pass a resolution of support for
airstrikes before it adjourns in a
week or so. The administration
entourage, in line with its view
that congressional approval is not
required for such military action,
said it would welcome such a vote
but was not officially requesting
it. Lieberman said.
NATHAN RUFFER/ Daily
Surrounded by a festive fall scene and decorated scarecrow, seven-year old Christine Pate finds a pumpkin at Dixboro General Store to show her mother. Now that
October has come, Pate is preparing for Halloween,
Arguments begi in Mike Espytra
The W ashington Post
WASI INGTON Former agriculture secre-
tary Mike Espy knew he wasn't supposed to
accept plane rides, sporting tickets and other gift,
from lobbyists, independent counsel Donald
Smaltz said in opening arguments yesterday at
Espy's trial. And yet he did so repeatedly, Smalt/
charged, disdaining ethics laws as "a bunch of
junk."
Smaltz's comments started a day of rhetorical
jabs at the start of Espy's trial on 38 felony
charges of corruption in U.S. District Court here.
prompting a rebuttal by defense lawyer Ted Wells,
who accused prosecutors of stretching the truth to
build an unfair case. Although Espy made mis-
takes, Wells said, he took gifts out of friendship
and not to grant favors "Ile is not a crook,"Wells
repeatedly declared.
Fs:py, who was President Clinton's first secre-
tary of agriculture, listened attentively at the
defense table as Smallz and Wells spent much of
the day giving jurors a preview of a trial expected
to last eiuht weeks. So many witnesses will be
called that U.S. District Judge Ricardo Urbina is
taking the unusual step of putting their names and
pictures in a special notebook so jurors can recall
everyone-
Yesterday, however, was a day for the lawyers to
showcase their oratorical skills.
"Mr. Espy wasn't really concerned about his ethical
responsibilities.'said Smaltz, whose S17.4 million
investigation into Espy's dealings has led to more than
a dozen convictions of companies and individuals. To
the contrary.Smaltz said, Espy openly derided them as
junk in a conversation early in his tenure with a fellow
high-level Clinton administration official.
Smaltz did not name the official. however, oth-
ers familiar with Smaltz's investigation identified
the person as Carol Browner, administrator of the
Environmental Protection Agency. Smaltz plans to
call her as a witness, possibly today.
In his opening statement. Smaltz walked through a
detailed account of Espy's gift-taking from his
appointment as secretary in January 1993 until his
forced resignation in December 1994.
Chart after chart --flashed on monitors for the
jurors to see -listed items from such companies
as Tyson Foods Inc., the Arkansas-based,.poultry
giant; Sun-Diamond Growers of California, one
of the nation's largest agricultural cooperatives;
and Quaker Oats Co. of Chicago.
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FDA approves new pill for gum disease
IA
WASHINGTON (AP) -- Millions of
Americans with advanced gum disease
are about to get the first pill to fight the
leading cause of tooth loss.
The government's approval of
Periostat won't end the scraping away
of hardened plaque that patients now
endure, but the pill did significantly
improve their gums in tests --and
might make dental visits less painful.
"This is a whole new concept" in
treating gum disease, said Dr. Sebastian
Ciancio. past president of the American
Academy of Periodontology, who stud-
ied Periostat at the State University of
New York, Buftalo. "For the first time,
we have a di-ug that helps the body
begin to heal."
IUntil now, periodontal treatments
have focused just on attacking the bac-
teria that cause g.um disease.
But scientists at SfJNY's Stonybrook
campus accidentally discovered that
bacteria aren't the whole problem. The
mouth reacts to the germs with inflam-
mation that literally breaks down the
gums and eventually the bones that hold
teeth in place.
Periostat suppresses the enzyme
responsible for that breakdown, so the
pill --together with scraping away
hardened bacteria ----helps slow, or per-
haps even halt, gum disease.
Finding that enzyme's role "was the
eureka discovery," recalled lead
researcher Dr. Lorne Golub. Using
Periostat daily, "it looks like we've
arrested the disease in cases where
patients were told by their dentists that
they were probably going to lose their
teeth."
Manufacturer CollaGenex
Pharmaceuticals announced the Food
and Drug Administration's approval of
Periostat yesterday, saying the pill -
available by prescription only ----will be
on pharmacy shelves within two
months.
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BILL
Continued from Page 1
tion ballot -- the first county wide pro-
posal of its kind in the state of Michigan
- would raise $3.5 million, with half
going to purchase development rights
on agricultural land. The rest of the
funds would be allocated to urban revi-
ballot proposals pass. Michigan will
become a model for states across the
nation.
"This is a unique opportunity for city
and country to work together," Laurie
said. "People will not move to new
areas being developed and will be
forced to reinvest in our cities."
Agriculture is the second largest sec-
our big tractor. How do you explain
urban sprawl to a 7-year-old?"
Archer said strong cities ensure
viable markets for Michigan's agricul-
tural products. He said he hopes Clean
Michigan and Proposal 1 will be the
start of a long-term dialogue.
"On the week of Oct. 12, each of (the
12 core cities' mayors) have made a
Michigan Initiative because the state
can afford to devote more funds to envi-
ronmental causes in a time of strong
economic growth.
"I am bothered by the idea that some
of these "brown" sites are left dir.ty,
Engler said. "We can afford to borrow
the money, we're putting in place a fund
source for the next couple years while