Tonit: Chance of snow afte
midnight. Low 150.
Tomorrow: Cloudy, snow accu
mulation. High in upper 20s.

WIra

*rni

-F

One hundred six yearf oe dftonalfreedom

Tuesday
January 14, 1997

../~
..;
,. .. o>.,... . a ,,.

I

Class of '00
leans right,
frowns on
casual sex
B Chris Metinko
Daily Staff Reporter
First-year students across the country are leaning
more to the right, frowning on casual sex and spend-
ing their tuition dollars more carefully.
4d students entering college think higher than
of themselves, according to an annual survey
released Monday by the University of California at
Los Angeles.
The survey, which
Casual Sex? includes students from
A UCLA study of first- the University of
year students found Michigan and 493 other
support for casual sex colleges and universities,
is at a low of 41.6 is conducted annually by
percent - down from the Higher Education
51.9 percent in 1987. Research Institute at the
UCLA Graduate School
s of Education and
Information Studies.
The survey showed
that a record 33.1 percent
of first-year students said
41,6 financial aid played a
"very important" part in

- ~ *4

'U'

scientists

find evidence
of black holes

Detections to give
insight into origin and
evolution of galaxies
By Heather Kamins.
Daily Staff Reporter
University researchers have found
evidence of three previously undetected
massive black holes centered in nearby
galaxies, lending proof to theories that
the holes exist in every galaxy.
The findings, announced yesterday
at a meeting of the American
Astronomical Society in Toronto, are
expected to provide insight into the ori-
gin and evolution of galaxies.
University astronomy Prof. Douglas
Richstone led an international team of
12 astronomers to detect "celestial fin-

University post-doctoral fellow and
research team member Karl Gebhardt.
"When we look into the past we see
these objects as quasars. Quasars are
black holes that are being fed by lots of
material. It cools as it eats up all the
material around it. When we look at
galaxies today, we do not see quasars. It
turns into a (fossilized quasar), a quiet
black hole," Gebhardt said.
By examining the different galaxy
models, scientists can determine how
the black holes developed.
"(The new information) allows us to
understand galaxy formation and
galaxy evolution," Gebhardt said.
"Various formation models tie
together what we see today."
The new data gives scientists the
ability to calculate the mass of the black

V " Il" I *4.

their cllepe se lin

1987 1992 1996 l bulflull,
compared to 27.7 percent
in 1995. First-year stu-
dg who expect to work at least part-time during
theTreducation also rose 1.6 percent to 41.1 percent.
"Students are getting outside jobs and making
greater investments in advance of their education,"
said Linda Sax, assistant professor of education at
UCLA and associate director of the study.
The study also showed that aside from financial
concerns, many first-year students feel "over-
whelmed" and pressured to do well in school in order
to get ahead in life.
All of this added stress might explain the survey's
le t healthy finding, Sax said. Smoking among first-
y students is up frorr last year, and has reached pre-
1970 levels. But alcohol consumption declined, she
said.
"Smoking is not taken as seriously. It's more of a
long-term risk," Sax said. "Students don't think long-
term. Students think in terms of drinking and driving,
short-term."
Many University first-year students agreed with the
survey's findings about stress.
"There are a lot of adjustments. Study was so dif-
feWt, professors are so different, style of teaching

g e r p r i n t s,"
unique star pat-
terns that indi-
cate the pres-
ence of black
holes.
Yesterday's
announcement
supports Albert
Einstein's
hypothesis of
the existence of
black holes in
his theory of
general relativi-
ty.

What we are
trying to
determine is the
formation of the
galaxies.
- Karl Gebhardt

holes and sug-
gests that a black
hole's mass is
proportional to
the mass of its
host galaxy,
Richstone said.
The new infor-
mation makes
great strides in
confirming the
team's prior
unsubstantiated
belief that almost
every large

Research

team member


JENNIFER BRADLEY-SWIFT/Daily
RC first-year student Monica Hellner sorts books in the Shapiro library. Hellner said, like surveyed students, she
works at the library because she feels financial pressures in college.

was so different," said LSA first-year student Deven
Patodia, who said he has encountered outside pres-
sure. "My parents send me here, aiding me. I have to
justify the financial burden they've taken."
Engineering first-year student Doug Densmore
agreed. "I feel overwhelmed a lot ... there are outside
pressures and pressures from themselves."
"I feel mentally overwhelmed," said Brooke Jennett,
an LSA first-year student.

However, several first-year students didn't sound
too concerned with the price of their education.
"I picked (the University) mainly because of its
engineering department," said Densmore, who said
money didn't play much of a role in his decision.
Social attitudes also appear to be changing. Only
41.6 percent found casual sex - sex between people
who have known each other for a short time - to be
See SURVEY, Page 5

Black holes form when matter gath-
ers at a single point and becomes so
dense that nothing can escape, and the
point becomes black and unseen.
"Black holes (occur) when so much
mass is packed into such a small place
that the gravity gets so strong that it is
too small for even light to escape,"
University associate astronomy Prof.
Gary Bernstein said yesterday.
The team's new technique of search-
ing for black holes allowed the scien-
tists to do more than just detect the sig-
nal from a black hole.
"What we are trying to determine is
the formation of the galaxies," said

galaxy has a black hole at its center.
"The implication of the results are
that every galaxy has a massive black
hole in it," Richstone said.
Richstone said he does not think the
team's research results will convince
disbelievers of the existence of black
holes.
"This discovery does not improve
substantially the case for the existence
of black holes," Richstone said.
"If you did not want to believe then
you still will not believe. Rather this
discussion is predicated on the exis-
tence of black holes and shows that they
exist in every galaxy. Also it (demon-
See BLACK HOLES, Page 7

High court
looks at
Clinton vs.
Jones case
Los Angeles Times
WASHINGTON - The Supreme
Court justices ended a frustrating hour-
long argument yesterday in the case of
Bill Clinton vs. Paula Jones sounding
divided and uncertain over whether her
seal harassment lawsuit should go
f+ard while he remains in office.
The case poses novel and difficult
legal questions: Should the president be
entirely immune from all civil suits
while in office or forced to answer to all
such suits, just like any other citizen? Or
should the rule be somewhere in
between, perhaps allowing some pre-
trial depositions but blocking an actual
trial?
Adopting either extreme position -
tc immunity or none - obviously
troubled the jus-
tices, yet the
lawyers for each
Y side offered little
help in laying out a
reasonable middle
ground.
Tomorrow, the
high court will
meet privately to
discuss the case,
Jones vote on the out-
come and begin
the task of writing a majority opinion.
The ruling, due by the end of June, is
especially hard to forecast, but the most
likely outcome remains some sort of


w .
,, .P

XA

Y

mfxfml..

S

Ann Arbor resi-
dent Greg Elliot
enjoys a cigar at
Maison Edwards
tobacco shop
yesterday. The
tobacco supply
store, located in
Nickels Arcade,
offers a variety of
cigars and pipe
blends and is
popular among
University stu-
dents.
JEANNIE SERVAAS/Daily

Powers inch
toward Hebron
withdrawal deal
Los Angeles Times
JERUSALEM - Israel and the Palestinians inched closer
yesterday to an accord on the Israeli redeployment from the
West Bank city of Hebron as negotiators struggled to find
language acceptable to both sides in a draft of the emerging
agreement and an accompanying letter of guarantee from the
United States.
Officials involved in the intensive sessions said the nego-
tiating teams have made what one called "painfully slow"
progress toward completing the draft agreements. But they
said a long-overdue deal on the pullout was still not com-
plete.
Some participants, including Israeli Defense Minister
Yitzhak
Mordecai, said
the agreement Therem e
could be signed
as early as an agreement in
today, but oth-
ers pointed to conceptual terms.
the start-and-
stall history of-- U.S. official
the Hebron
talks and said they were hesitant to make predictions.
"There may be an agreement in conceptual terms, but until
it's written down, signed and sealed, there really is no agree-
ment, a U.S. official said.
US. special envoy Dennis Ross, who delayed a planned
departure from the region Sunday amid reports of progress in
the talks, is considering returning to Washington today if the
agreement was not reached, U.S. officials said.
Late yesterday, Ross held discussions with Israeli Prime
Minister Benjamin Netanyahu while the negotiating teams
resumed their-wrangling at a Jerusalem hotel over the wording
of a U.S. letter of guarantee for both sides. The document, sep-
arate from the Hebron agreement itself, will contain a list of
steps each side must take as the peace process goes forward.
One U.S. official, clearly weary of the laborious negotia-
tnn, Ai-nr l.4kA *thent.-narnlnra hptwnmn lcrnpli n

Students hop on cigar bandwagon

By Brian Campbell
Daily Staff Reporter
Following a recent rise in cigarette smoking
among young people, cigar sales have risen
dramatically in recent years, leaving party
store and cigar shop owners puzzled by the
sudden jump in popularity and scrambling to
keep store shelves stocked.

tobacco shop in Nickels Arcade, where several
students stop to lounge and enjoy a smoke, said
he's noticed a significant climb in business.
"Oh yes, there's been a big increase," he
said. "It started about three years ago. It keeps
increasing, all the time."
While older, professional men continue to
make up a large portion of the cigar market,

said. "I find the experience to be rather ele-
gant."
Cigars were first observed by Spanish
explorers who encountered Central and South
American natives smoking tobacco leaves in
corn husks. Cigars were handmade throughout
Europe and America until the beginning of this
century, when they began to be mass-produced

I.

i


I