;6- The Michigan Daily - Tuesday, November 5, 1996
Officials de fend
missile launches
at Iraqi targets

NATION/WORLD


WASHINGTON (AP) - The pilots
of two U.S. fighter jets were justified in
firing high-speed missiles at Iraqi radar
sites because they had reason to believe
they were being targeted by Iraqi mis-
siles, Defense Secretary William Perry
said yesterday.
Perry said that he did not know
whether faulty cockpit equipment
might be involved or whether the Iraqis
were playing cat and mouse with their
radar systems. An investigation was
under way, he said.
in the meantime, allied flights over
Iraq's southern no-fly zone will contin-
ue, Perry added, even though Saddam
Hussein's forces have been "quite
quiet" in the past
week. i
in separate Sadd
incidents, the
pilots of U.S. Air Hussein
Force F-16s
fired high-speed clear wa
missiles when
they got warning ae ady
signals in their
cockpits that
they had been De
locked on" by
Iraqi surface-to-

HARM missile, a radiation-seeking mis-
sile, toward the source of that radiation."
Even though it now appears that no
Iraqi missiles were launched, both
pilots acted appropriately. Their rules of
engagement allow quick responses to
potentially hostile acts, Perry said.
Asked whether Saddam's move to
rebuild his air defenses caused him any
worry, Perry responded, "No." He said
allied aircraft would continue to moni-
tor the zone carefully.
"Saddam Hussein has a very clear
warning already - the fact that we con-
duct 100 sorties a day over this area and
we conduct them with airplanes that are
very well armed and are quite capable
of defending
themselves,"

m

aiml
has a very
riing
- William Perry
fense Secretary

Perry said.
The latest fir-
ing occurred at 4
a.m. Ann Arbor
time about 25
miles from where
the earlier firing
took place. Both
occurred just
south of the 32nd
parallel, Perry

Rwandan refugees who fled Zaire a few days ago wait at a transit camp in the outskirts of Gisenyi, Rwanda, next to the
Zairian border. They are waiting for buses to take them to their towns in Rwanda.
Zairian rebels halt warfare,
declare temporary cease-fife

air missile sites, Pentagon officials said.
The first such firing occurred early
Saturday and the second yesterday.
Perry said he had no reports on pos-
sible damage caused by the missiles.-
Iraq denied the missile firings
occurred, characterizing the reports as a
campaign ploy by the Clinton adminis-
tration;
"Fabricating this false report is part
of American-style electioneering," an
Iraqi Foreign Ministry official was
quoted yesterday by the official Iraqi
News Agency. "It seems that, for the
second time, fabricators of this report
have the urge to divert the attention of
American voters from their domestic
scandals by creating false problems
abroad."
Perry told reporters at the Pentagon
that "these incidents did occur."
"In both cases, the F-16 warning
tear alerted (the pilots) that they were
being tracked by a surface-to-air mis-
sile system and ... they launched a

said.
In both cases, the pilots returned
safely to their base in Saudi Arabia.
White House spokesperson Mike
McCurry said President Clinton was
briefed on the missile firings and ana-
lysts were trying to "determine why
we've had a second incident."
In a statement Sunday about the first
incident, the Pentagon said "subse-
quent analysis did not support the initial
indications of radar activity" on the part
of the Iraqis.
Since the end of the Gulf War in
1991, the United States and its allies
have maintained a no-fly zone over
southern Iraq.
The U.S. missile firings were the first
of their kind since Sept. 4, when Iraqi
forces confronted U.S. flyers twice as
they began their patrols over an expand-
ed no-fly zone for Iraqi aircraft.
Washington had unilaterally extended
the zone the day before 60 miles north-
ward to the 33rd parallel, taking it to the
outskirts of Baghdad.

KIGALI, Rwanda (AP) - With the
international community threatening to
intervene, Zairian Tutsi rebels declared
a cease-fire yesterday in eastern Zaire
and agreed to allow aid agencies to try
to get Hutu refugees home to Burundi
and Rwanda. ,1
Fighting between Tutsi-led rebels and
Zairian troops has forced hundreds of
thousands of refugees to flee their U.N.
camps, venturing deeper into Zaire and
farther from the reach of aid workers.
Diplomats and aid groups met yester-
day in two African capitals to discuss
what to do next.
The recent cross-border warfare
began three weeks ago, choking off
road and air routes for emergency food
into the region and pushing aid workers
last week to evacuate.
In a statement read on British
Broadcasting Corp. radio, Tutsi
spokesperson Laurent Kabila said the
cease-fire took effect yesterday morn-
ing. "We declare a unilateral cease-fire
starting immediately for three weeks,"
Kabila said.
In Rwanda, news came that the
capital of eastern Zaire, Goma, was
quiet after four days of gun and mor-
tar fire.
The 1.2 million refugees have desta-
bilized the lakes region along Zaire's
border with Burundi, Rwanda and
Uganda, spreading political and ethnic
fighting. Whether the refugees will vol-
untarily return home - of if safe pas-

sage is guaranteed - is unknown.
The Hutu refugees followed their
defeated army into exile in July 1994
after Rwanda's former Hutu extremist
government slaughtered at least
500,000 people, mostly Tutsis.
The Hutus have refused to return,
fearing reprisals for the genocide. In the
past few weeks, rebels have overrun the
camps where the Hutus live north and
south of Lake Kivu.
French Foreign Minister Herve de
Charette urged
European
nations, thea
United States,
Canada and the .
Organization of unila eral
African Unity fi
to meet imme-
diately and Imm ai
"organize the
possible means three we
to temporarily
secure" eastern -
Zaire to feed the Zairian Tuts
refugees.
Charette did not specify what measures'

gone on too long. You saw the result of
it," he said referring to the war. "We
have to do everything so that they can
come back home."
De Mello said there was no need for
military intervention in eastern Zaire.
"We've had similar experiences in
many different situations. You don't
necessarily need to guard them if there
exists a set of guarantees and agree-
ments with those who are in control of
a given territory."

clare a
Icease-
Ing
'ely for
eks "
Laurent Kabila

U .S .
Ambassador to
Rwanda, Robert
r i b b i n s,
endorsed the idea
of a humanitarian
corridor to return
refugees and
agreed that no
military force
was needed.
Regional for-
eign ministers
were meeting in
Nairobi yesterday

High court.
upholds
prayer
decision
WASHINGTON (AP) - The
Supreme Court, dodging a grenade in
the battle over school prayer, rejected
Mississippi's bid yesterday to let stu-
dents lead group prayers in public
school classrooms, at assemblies and
sports events.
But confusion still reigns over just
what the Constitution allows, and
school officials nationwide remain
caught in the middle of what then
National School Boards Association
calls "religious warfare."
The justices, acting without com-
ment, let stand rulings that declared the
1994 Mississippi law a violation of the
constitutionally required separation of
church and state.
Yesterday's action was not a ruling
on the merits of the Mississippi law and
set no national precedent. But it was a.
defeat for Mississippi officials who had
hoped to revive the state law
The action also could be a setback
for those outside Mississippi who argue
that student-initiated prayers are consti-
tutional in various public school set-
tings.
"I hope lower courts won't read into
the court's action any disapproval of
legitimate student-initiated prayer and
worship, such as prayer clubs," said Jay
Sekulow of the American Center for
Law and Justice.
"The way the (Mississippi) statute
was worded was problematic at the out-
set," Sekulow said. "Official sanction
was all over it."
The invalidated Mississippi law
would have allowed "invocations,
benedictions or nonsectarian, non-
proselytizing student-initiated volun-
tary prayer" at "school-related student
events." 0
T. Hunt Cole Jr., the special assistant
attorney general who had filed the
state's spurned high court appeal, said,
"Our arguments on constitutional
issues are over. There's nothing more
we can do"
Republican leaders in Congress have
proposed amending the Constitution to
allow more opportunities for prayer in
public schools. President Clinton says.
such an amendment is unnecessary, buo
Republican nominee Bob Dole sup
ports it.
Since a 1962 Supreme Court ruling,
organized school prayers have been
barred from public schools. But that
landmark case involved prayer sessions
sponsored and led by public school
officials, not students.
The court, of course, never has
banned individual prayer from public
schools. Students remain free to prayot
before lunch, before tests or even dur-
ing class if they do so in an unobtrusive
way.
The justices in 1992 strengthened the
ban on officially sponsored worship in
public schools by prohibiting clergy-
led prayers at public school graduation
ceremonies.
But the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of
Appeals - in a decision that still is
binding law in Mississippi, Louisiana
and Texas - subsequently ruled thao
the 1992 decision did not apply tograd-
uation prayers planned and led by grad-

uating seniors.
The Supreme Court silently left that
ruling intact in 1993. But another feder-
al appeals court has declared such stu-
dent-led graduation prayers unlawful.
The National School Boards
Association last year told the justices in
another dispute that the nation's public
schools "are currently the site of reli-
gious warfare" and that "school boards
are caught in the middle and do not
know which way to turn."
Contacted yesterday, NASB
Executive Director Anne Bryant said "a
lack of clarity from the courts" was
"forcing school boards to be judges and
juries - not a good place for them to
be."

31

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he was suggesting.
U.N. envoy Sergio Vierra de Mello,
assistant U.N. High Commissioner for
Refugees, arrived in Kigali to meet with
Rwandan officials about the creation of
a "humanitarian corridor" to allow food
to pass safely to refugees and for them
to safely return home.
"They must return, this exile has

__

to prepare for a summit of east African,
leaders called by Kenyan President
Daniel arap Moi to tackle the crisis,
which threatens to destabilize the entire
region.
However, an adviser to Zaire's ailing
President Mobutu Sese Soko said Zaire
would not take part in the summit
Tuesday as long as Rwanda pretends
that its army is not involved in the area
alongside local Tutsi rebels.
Mobutu has been in Switzerland
since an operation in August. The Paris
daily Le Monde reported that Mobutu,
Zaire's ruler for 31 years, suffers from
prostate cancer that has spread to his
bones. Late Monday, he left flew from
Geneva to Nice, France.
Rwandan President Pasteur
Bizimungu said in a statement addressed
to the Rwandan refugees, "Your place is
in Rwanda and nowhere else."
"Rwanda needs all of its children to
return and to rebuild their beautiful
country, where everyone takes his right-
ful place, receives his fair share, is pro-
tected by the same rights, and has the
same duties," he said.
He asked for international help to
repatriate the refugees and to guarantee
a cease-fire.
The Zairian government has said that
one of the reasons the Rwandan army
attacked eastern Zaire was to clear the
border area of Hutu refugees, among
whom are former government soldiers
who continue to launch cross-border
attacks on Rwanda.
The new Rwandan government is
aware that refugee camps breed discon-
tent and rebellion. The Tutsi-led gov-
ernment was founded after an invasion
of Rwanda in 1990 launched from
camps in Uganda.

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