I
NATION/WORLD
The Michigan Daily - Tuesday, September 24, 1996 - 7
Old garbage pit is clue
to fraternity's history
AP PHOTO
Supporters of late Murtaza Bhutto, the brother of Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto, gather for condolences at the entrance of the
residency. The entrance is decorated with posters of Bhutto's brother Shahnawaz Bhutto, left, who was poisoned in 1985.
*Gunmen kill 21 worshippers
t Sunni mosque in Pakistan
BERKELEY, Calif. (AP) - They
sometimes ate cheap cuts of meat,
probably smothered with ketchup -
and had the stomach medicines to show
for it.
They lived in fear of being taken
down to the basement and dunked in
"the tub," and were punctilious about
personal hygiene.
They drank beer - quite a lot of it,
apparently - but also sipped coffee
from dainty demitasse cups embell-
ished with their house crest.
Meet the young men of Zeta Psi,
circa 1920 - fraternity brothers whose
lives and times are being studied by
archaeology students combing through
the contents of a garbage pit left by the
not-so-ancient Greeks.
Does 70-year-old trash qualify as
archaeological research?
Yes, says Laurie Wilkie, the
University of California-Berkeley
assistant professor of anthropology
directing the analysis.
"They're part of the puzzle in terms
of understanding how California came
to be this ... land of the dream," Wilkie
said.
The trove of trash came to light by
accident. In the summer of 1995,
Wilkie looked out of her office -
which is in what was the Zeta Psi house
until they moved to another building in
1957 - and saw the garbage being
unearthed by a construction crew clear-
ing the way for a new building.
She sprang into action, stopping the
bulldozers for a brief excavation.
During the following school year, her
students studied the relics and dug up
written and photographic records of the
time as they tried to put together a pic-
ture of turn-of-the-century fraternity life.
"The sorts of things that we end up
studying archaeologically are things
that don't really get talked about in his-
torical documents," she said.
For instance, among the artifacts was
formal china decorated with the frater-
nity crest, including demitasse coffee
cups.
The china indicates a since-lost din-
ing formality as well as an effort to
reinforce community spirit through the
use of the crest, placed on the cups so it
would face right-handed drinkers.
Wilkie notes those niceties clash with
the modern stereotype of party-hearty
"frat rats."
"You have to remember that ... these
are individuals who are from the upper
middle and upper class and part of the
fraternity setting was these were young
men getting ready to go out and start on
(There wasn't)
any of that
monkey business"
-John Thomas Beales
Zeta Psi brother
their own," she said.
Still, there was evidence the brothers
weren't averse to a party or two.
The trash pit yielded a number of
alcohol-related bottles, most made
between 1917 and 1925 despite
Prohibition, which ran from 1919 to
1933.
Some of the beer may have been the
"near-beer" legal under Prohibition and
at any rate, the cache amounts to only
about 20 six-packs. But a diary, kept on
a rotating basis by freshmen at one
point, indicates that at least some occa-
sionally indulged.
A record of a quiet Sunday found that
"most of the few fellows who are here
were nursing a great, big, large,
immense, huge, colossal, and stupen-
dous head."
Ninety-year-old John Thomas
Beales, who served as manager of the
Zeta Psi house before graduating in
1929 and still lives in the east Sar
Francisco Bay area, recalled those days
with a chuckle.
"People would patronize the bootleg-
gers down in Emeryville. Or even some
of the doctors would issue prescriptions
to buy prescription whisky," he said.
"But not in the house. We never permit-
ted it in the house."
Drink may have flowed freely, but the
food wasn't always so choice.
Analysis of meat bones found
showed several were from poorer cuts
of meat. That - along with the abui_-
dance of flavor enhancer and sauce bot
tIes found - led Wilkie and her crev to
theorize school meals had the same rep-
utation then they enjoy now.
They also found a number of bottles
that had contained medicines for upset
stomach.
But Beales defended the frat fare.
"Ketchup was a normal thing. We
loved corned beef hash. What more db
you want with corned beef hash than
ketchup?" he asked.
Also found in the pit were items of
feminine dress, notably a hat pin and
some beads. Those seemed anomalot
in light of the strict prohibitions on
women in the house, until researchers
found old pictures of young men
dressed up in women's clothing, proba
bly for skits or parties.
Beales trenchantly declared he was-
n't aware of "any of that monkey busi'
ness." But Wilkie theorized that skits in
skirts may have been one of the ways
the young men worked on male bond-~
ing.
The fraternity's initiation rites remain-
a secret, but Wilkie's students did dis-
cover written records showing that new
pledges feared being "tubbed," dunket
in a cast iron wash tub in the basement
They also found evidence of fastidi-
ous personal habits.
* Boys from a religous
school killed while
they prayed
Gos Angeles Times
NEW DELHI - Rivalry between
two Muslim sects in Pakistan erupted
-again in murderous violence yester-
day as masked gunmen opened fire
on worshippers at a Sunni mosque,
slaying 21 people, many of them boys
from a religious school, as they
prayed.
The blood bath in Multan, a city in
the eastern province of Punjab, came
one day after the killing of a leader of
tlie minority Shiite sect in a town 60
,miles to the south.
-. Infuriated by the attack on their
sanctuary, Sunnis in Multan came out
on the streets to stone Shiite neigh-
borhoods, shout anti-Shiite slogans
and block roads with burning tires,
':itnesses said.
@7 The back-to-back incidents high-
lighted the increasingly hostile relations
JACKSON
Continued from Page 1
The upcoming elections will have a
-rofound effect on the country, Jackson
said. He said he is working to steer those
effects in the right directions, a responsi-
bility too important to set aside.
"It's my ministry. It's my mission. I
think this is important," Jackson said. "I
think the strength of our nation is at stake,
that all of my work for all of my life is at
stake, that 1996 could become like 1896,
the end or the reversal of our gains."
One of his key beliefs, Jackson said,
is that someone must reach out to
younger voters.
"The youth have the numbers, the
energy, the innocence and so much
potential for change," he said.
Education and higher education
issues should be stressed the most,
Jackson said.
"There are many qualifiable youth
who are denied opportunity for lack of
aid," he said.
Jackson said a move must be made to
between militants of the two rival
branches of Islam in a country founded
nearly a half-century ago so the sub-
continent's Muslims would have a state
of their own.
Elsewhere in Pakistan, in the town of
Larkana, ancestral home of the family of
Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto, police
battled followers of her estranged broth-
er and political rival Murtaza, who was
slain by police in Karachi on Friday in
still murky circumstances.
Some commentators predicted
Murtaza Bhutto's death would further
erode the mandate of his sister, whose
leadership of Pakistan since 1993 has
seen a sharp downturn in the economy
and increasing lawlessness in much of
the country.
Witnesses said early morning prayers
had just started at Multan's Masjid Al-
Khair when the armed men invaded the
mosque and showered the worshippers
with submachine-gun fire. The gunmen,
said to number four, managed to escape.
All of the victims were Sunnis, the
majority denomination in Pakistan.
According to hospital officials, many of
the slain worshippers were students,
ages 10 to 16, from the religious school
next to the mosque. At least 33 people
were wounded in the fusillade, many of
them seriously, and the death toll was
expected to rise.
The matting where the Sunnis had
been been praying was soaked with
blood. The dead, their faces covered
with cloths, were wheeled away in
handcarts. Friends and survivors
sobbed at the sight.
There was no immediate claim of
responsibility, but authorities said they
believed the attack was in retaliation for
the murder of the Shiite leader in
Bawahalpur the previous day.
Since August, tit-for-tat attacks
between Sunnis and Shiites have
occurred in Punjab, the port city of
Karachi on the Arabian Sea and in
the lawless North West Frontier
Province. The last was the deadliest:
more than 100 people were killed in
running battles there earlier this
month.
London police raid hideouts
focus on youth. "There must be much
more investment in universities," he
said. "The present focus is to build
first-class jails at the expense of
schools. The very emphasis of using
jails to lock youth up after the fact,
rather than lift them up before the fact,
is a misguided directon.
"It says much about the cynical view
that many leaders have of youth."
He said the youth today cannot be
characterized by apathy. "Some stu-
dents are removed and cushioned and
soft, but some are active," he said.
"I see young people coming on,"
Jackson said, citing his son, U.S. Rep.
Jesse Jackson Jr., 31, and others.
But more youth activism and involve-
ment are necessities, Jackson said.
"Students must register and vote. If
you don't register, you can't get to class.
If you don't get to class, you can't grad-
uate," he said. "If you don't register to
vote, you can't get in a political class
and you cannot therefore impact upon
the political process.
"Every student that registers for class
must register to vote."
Jackson said student activism should
be directed at "voter registration, voter
participation at every level, bottom-up,
not just top-down, rejection of drugs and
violent culture, having an ethic that's
higher than immediate gratification."
Jackson takes his commitment to
America's youth very seriously, he said.
He was visibly upset when he found out
he was running more than an hour late
for his address at Hill Auditorium yes-
terday.
"Somebody's got to run the ship,"
Jackson told his coordinating team.
"Tell me if I'm talking to people too
long. People have got classes to go to.
They can't sit around waiting for me all
day."
When Jackson left campus yesterday,
he didn't head off for a vacation. He
was bound for another stop in a long
string of speaking engagements.
Jackson plans to work in five more
states this week alone. He said the pace
will not slow down for him, as what's at
stake is too important.
He must keep going and keep hope
alive.
10 tons of explosives
seized from IRA
The Washington Post
LONDON - Police seized about 10
tons of explosives in dawn raids on sus-
pected Irish Republican Army hideouts
yesterday, during which they arrested
five men and fatally shot another in
West London.
Authorities said they believe the
seizures prevented "imminent" attacks
of a "significant" scale, noting that the
quantity of explosives taken yesterday
was six times larger than that which the
IRA used to devastate Manchester's
central shopping area in June.
It was the third major police haul of
what were believed to be IRA bombs
and bomb-making materials since the
terrorist organization, based in
Northern Ireland, ended an 18-month
cease-fire in February by exploding a
powerful bomb in London's Docklands
office and apartment complex.
The West London raid was the first
of the series to involve gunfire. Police,
acting under Britain's strict rules of pre-
trial secrecy, did not disclose details of
the shooting, which took place outside a
Astronaut
Lucid says
goodbye
SPACE CENTER, Houston (AP) -
Astronaut Shannon Lucid gave her col-
leagues aboard the Russian space sta-
tion Mir a farewell embrace yesterday
and then floated into shuttle Atlantis,
the hatch closing behind her for the ride
home.
The shuttle was to undock from Mir
last night and return to Earth on
Thursday, ending Lucid's record-break-
ing stay of 188 days in space.
"I'm really happy and I also feel just
a little sad," said Lucid, who holds the
space endurance record for a woman
and an American. "This has been my
home for six months, and I've had a
great time here. But obviously I'm
very, very anxious to go back to my
real home back in Houston, Texas, with
my family."
guest house in the Hammersmith sec-
tion of London -just west of the cen-
tral city - or the name of the dead
man.
Despite the string of raids, law
enforcement sources said they could
not be confident that they have disabled
seriously the destructive capacity of the
well-organized paramilitary group,
which operates in independent cells
across the British mainland and in
Northern Ireland.
"I have no doubt that today's opera-
tion has frustrated an attempt" by the
IRA to "carry out significant and immi-
nent attacks on the mainland with the
possibility, indeed the probability, of
grave loss of life, serious damage and
disruption to mainland cities," Sir Paul
Condon, chief of the Metropolitan
Police, told a news conference.
Most of the seized materials -
including fertilizer explosives and the
chemical explosive Semtex - were
taken during a raid on a warehouse
storage facility in North London.
Police also recovered three
Kalashnikov rifles, two handguns, and
trucks and other vehicles that they said
likely would have been used to deliver
the bombs.
Police provided no details about pos-
sible targets.
During the past two decades, the IRA
has set off hundreds of bombs, wreak-
ing billions of dollars in property dani
age as part of its campaign to force
Britain to relinquish control of
Northern Ireland.
The illegal organization - which has
a legal political wing called Sinn Fein=
- declared a cessation of hostilities on
Aug. 31, 1995 and was soon joined by
terrorist organizations from Northern
Ireland's Protestant "loyalist" commu=
nity, which favors continued British
rule in the province.
The IRA abruptly reversed course in
February, declaring its impatience with
the British response to the cease-fire.
As a result, Sinn Fein has been exciud=
ed from multi-party talks which have
resumed in Belfast under the chairman-
ship of former U.S. Senate Majority
Leader George Mitchell.
Those discussions - involving both
Catholic and Protestant parties - art
designed to lead to a permanent settle,
ment of the sectarian strife that has
claimed more than 3,000 lives in the
past 25 years. They have yet to achieve
substantive progress, however.
SERVICES
Continued from Page 1
V niversity.
Harris said the University seemed
like an ideal place, back when he was at
a small Farmington Hills college and
looking to transfer.
"All the things that I would need, they
offered in their brochure," he said.
Because Harris relies on his periph-
eral vision, even minimal reading tasks
are difficult. After reading one para-
graph on a closed-circuit television, eye
fhtigue usually sets in.
During his first year, the office had
more people in place to accomodate
disabled students, Harris said. But "last
year and this year it's been worse."
According to SSD rules, visually
impaired students are required to check
with the Recording for the Blind and
Dyslexic lending library in New Jersey
before turning in class material to the
University's reader service program to
,be taped.
Sam Goodin, SSD director,
-explained the office's procedure. "We
~ get the books, we start to record and we
give it to them two weeks prior to when
However, students say this procedure
isn't always followed. Harris had to stay
in Ann Arbor over winter break last
year to complete his classes.d Hedid not
get some of his early readings~ until
October. "I went from that semester to
the next without resting my eyes," he
said.
Slow Improvements
"The problems with my books have
been my main reason for staying this
long" said Day, who refers to himself
with a smile as a sixth-year senior. He is
afflicted with congenital cataracts and
glaucoma, but still has some eyesight in
his right eye.
He says of the University's visually
impaired program, "It's better than it
was in 1991."
Meyer said the start of each school
year is the most hectic. "A lot of (vol-
unteers) don't stay in Ann Arbor over
the summer and we have to rush,"
Meyer said. "Fall semester's worse."
Currently the program has more than
40 volunteers reading 30 books and 10
coursepacks.
Last year the program's move from
Haven Hall to West Quad caused confu-
materials for some students, Meyer
said.
Goodin said the student can also be
responsiblewhen readingsare taped
after their due date. "Are there other
instances where students don't do their
piece? Yes," he said. "They need to do
their end of the thing also"
Goodin noted that often the students
do not hand in their syllabuses to the
office early enough for them to tape the
readings by their due dates.
"We are not the ones who prepare the
syllabi," Day said. "I myself have
already tried to get materials to them in a
timely fashion. It is stupid and irrespon-
sible to want to commit academic sui-
cide. It's absolutely ridiculous," he said.
A Fair Shot
Visually impaired students say they
don't want to fight - they just want a
fair shot at an education.
"(Visually impaired) students are not
getting the same educational opportuni-
ties as sighted students," Rose said.
"This is why we continue (to have
problems)," Day said. "No one hears
our voices. It's easy to ignore us until
the U.S. Department of Education gets
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