The Michigan Daily - Thursday, September 29, 1994 - 7

IT'S YOUR MOVE

Rebel Haitians emerge in

wake of U.S.

The Baltimore Sun
PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti -For
Daniel Voltaire, they were three years
lost, three years on the run.
He scampered like a hunted ani-
mal through sugar cane fields. He
lived day and night in tin huts in tiny
towns. He tried desperately to escape
the terror of a life as an exile in his
own country.
But he could never outrun the fear.
"Fear is no good," he said. "It is so
terrible to explain. Every day you
know that the soldiers are coming to
get you. That was a bad, bad experi-
ence."
For now, the nightmare is over.
Slowly, some 300,000 men and
women are reappearing after being
forced into hiding three years ago
following the coup that ousted Presi-
dent Jean-Bertrand Aristide.
This is a country with a bloody
past, where political winners wreak
vengeance on the losers. For many,

survival means fl
moving on an inf(
railroad one step a
forces, giving up j
stay alive.
Now it is time
With the return
terday, Aristide's
ers are to resurfac
The mayor o
Evans Paul, also i
out of hiding soon
But there are t
others, couriers an
of Aristide's, wh
cult decisions int
and who have eme
ows into a light ca
occupation.
Tuesday, some
courtyard of Aris
on the outskirts o
Around them,
weeds with mach
women swept th

occupation
[eeing to the hills, while others inside scrubbed three
ormal underground years of grime from the marble floors.
head of the security The laughter of children echoed in the
obs and families to hallways.
U.S. soldiers guarded the gates
to return. and the surrounding countryside.
of Parliament yes- The white stucco villa is still big
senatorial support- and beautiful, even if the place is
e publicly. stripped of nearly everything. Even
f Port-Au-Prince, the toilets are gone.
s expected to come Voltaire, a member of Aristide's
n. private security detail, remembers the
ens of thousands of place well, when the villa would be
d guards and friends abuzz with dignitaries and friends.
o have made diffi- And he remembers the day of the
the past few days, coup, when soldiers chased him in a
rged from the shad- car, shooting at him three times.
st by a U.S. military "I hid in the sugar cane fields," he
said. "And then I went from town to
e of them met in the town. For two years I lived in one place,
stide's private villa and one day, some man said he was
f the capital. going to call the police because I never
dozens of men cut went outside. I told him I was a thief. It
hetes. Hundreds of was better to be known as a thief than a
e dirt with brooms, Lavalas, an Aristide supporter."

CHRIS WOLF/Daily
LSA Senior Richard Kobavashi plays Shogi with foreign exchange student Jonathan Ostella in Gratzi's, yesterday.
SBubome, pneumo ni-c plagues
lil India;ll 1409 cas16es suspected



Newsday
MADRAS, India - Though the
Indian government has gone to great
lengths to downplay concerns about
the nation's pneumonic plague epi-
emic, cases of the disease have now
appeared in 10 of the country's 25
states, including locales more than
1,000 miles from Surat, the outbreak's
epicenter.
Just four days ago, health authori-
ties in the western state of
Maharashtra, whose capital is
Bombay, swore that the pneumonic
form of the disease would never cross
the border from Gujarat, where Surat
*s located. Yesterday, Maharashtra's
health office conceded that 216 bu-
bonic plague victims and 117 pneu-
monic plague victims had been lo-
cated.
Bubonic plague, spread by fleas
carried by rats, broke out last month
in eastern Maharashtra state, near the
town of Beed - an area that had been
hit by severe earthquakes last year.
The first cases of the pneumonic form
fthe disease apparently reached Beed
earlier, this week.
Pneumonic plague, which first
appeared in Surat in the wake of last
month's especially heavy monsoon
season, occurs when the disease
reaches the lungs and causes pneu-
monia. It is then spread by droplets
released into the air with a cough or a
sneeze.
Even under ideal situations, in

which health care infrastructures are
well-supplied and capable of respond-
ing swiftly to such a crisis, pneu-
216 bubonic plague
and 117 pneumonic
plague reported In
Maharashtra, India
monic plague control can prove daunt-
ing. But in India, where about 900
million live in an area one-third the
size of the United States, earning a
per capita annual income ofjust $270,
the task seems overwhelming.
Yesterday, India's National Insti-
tute of Communicable Disease put
the number of plague cases suspected
overall at 1,400, and the government
ordered the urgent importation of five
tons of tetracycline hydrochloride -
enough to make 20 million capsules
of the antibiotic that combats plague.
Indian health officials also ex-
pressed particular concern yester-
day that seven confirmed plague
victims had surfaced in the region
surrounding Calcutta, 950 miles east
of Surat. Calcutta, with a popula-
tion of 4.3 million, is considered
one of India's dirtiest cities and au-
thorities were concerned that the
disease could spread quickly within
its sprawling slums.
Two of the plague cases involved
migrant laborers who had fled Surat,

returned home and come down with
the disease. The "Yersinia pesti" bac-
teria that causes plague incubates in
the human body for two to seven
days, so many of the more than
400,000 people who have fled Surat
in recent days have become unwitting
carriers.
The disease broke out in Surat, a
diamond mining and polishing cen-
ter, in the wake of a monsoon season
in which flood levels reached roof-
tops and all sewage systems over-
flowed.
When the fetid water receded in
mid-September, health authorities
said, a layer of odiferous animal car-
casses, human waste and garbage was
left behind. The city failed to clean
the mess in a timely fashion, health
experts said, allowing for a rat inva-
sion.
I The plague that followed was
initally denied by government authori-
ties, and the state police Rapid Action
Force did not intercede to maintain
order and stem the exodus of poten-
tially plague-infected citizens until
Sunday.
Yesterday, central government
authorities finally conceded that the
plague was spreading. Health Secre-
tary M. Dayal admitted that pneu-
monic plague cases have also sur-
faced in the nation's capital, New
Delhi, as well as the large cities of
Madras, Varanasi, Orissa,
Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar.

HAITI
Continued from page 1
would only perpetuate the culture of
impunity that has long protected the
army and its allies.
U.S. troops have surrounded the
Parliament building since Tuesday,
building razor-wire barricades to keep
crowds at least a block away and
parking humvee vehicles with ma-
chine guns at key intersections. While
military police patrolled the streets,
soldiers in combat gear deployed on
the roof. U.S. Embassy spokesman
Stan Schrager said no U.S. troops
were inside.
The Parliament, considered by
many to be a weak and corrupt insti-
tution that has never played a signifi-
cant role in the nation's institutional
life, had not met for a year because it
had been unable to form a quorum. A
dozen members who were supporters
of Aristide fled the country and a
dozen more were hiding inside the
country.
Yesterday the U.S. government
flew the 12 in exile back to Port-au-
Prince to participate in the session,
and 54 of the 82 deputies were present.
Only 11 of the 27 senators, the mini-
mum for a quorum, were present.

Many legislators who supported the
coup against Aristide refused to at-
tend, in some cases to protest the
massive U.S. presence around the
building.
Inside, the meeting was peaceful.
Many legislators, especially those who
had been in exile, embraced col-
leagues, and there were cheers from
the galleries.
Sen. Firmin Jean-Louis opened
the session in the traditional way, by
removing a ceremonial black fedora
and placing it on a desk. He ended the
session by replacing it on his head.
Outside, crowds of people ebbed
and flowed around the building, and,
under the watchful eye of U.S. troops,
taunted Haitian police and soldiers,
as they have since American forces
began arriving nine days ago. Few in
the crowd seemed to favor any type of
amnesty for the military, who are hated
by most Haitians because of the vio-
lence and repression they have vis-
ited on the civilian population.
"They should be handcuffed and
killed or at least put in jail," said
Emile Lapeur, 22. "They are respon-
sible for the Haitian crisis, they de-
stroyed democracy."
"They should stand trial at least,"
concurred Abel Henry, 32. "We are
here to celebrate freedom, which

Cedras took away. Exile is too good
for him."
After a crowd of several thousand
gathered around the Parliament build-
ing, dancing and chanting, "You can't
shoot us now," at the Haitian police, a
group of several hundred Aristide
supporters ran through the streets to-
ward the Normandie bar, a favorite of
the paramilitary group known as the
Front for the Advancement and
Progress of Haiti (FRAPH). As they
ran and danced, they sang a song in
Creole that began: "Cedras does not
want democracy," and ended with an
obscenity.
As they neared the bar, where
armed allies of the military gather to
eat and plot, a pickup truck drove by
and men in the back fired on the
demonstrators, killing one man,
Sinclair Joseph with three shots in the
chest and wounding another.
The shots immediately set off
panic in the crowd as people fled in
droves. U.S. troops dived for cover,
their M-16 assault rifles and machine
guns at the ready. U.S. helicopters
buzzed the area, and three humvees
and a contingent of American troops
arrived on the scene within minutes.
They talked to a Haitian police of-
ficer, then asked the crowds to dis-
perse.


i

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