The Michigan Daily - Tuesday, September 13, 1994 - 5

Jritain warns against
lifting Bosnia embargo

AN AMERICAN PSYCHO

U.S. report discloses
human rights lapses
on the home front

4 Britain warns
withdrawal of
troops will follow
the end of embargo
* Los Angeles Times
LONDON - Britain warned the
United States on yesterday that it will
remove its peacekeeping troops from
Bosnia if the United States insists on
lifting the arms embargo currently in
operation against the Muslim-led
Bosnian government.
Britain said, however, that it will
not attempt to veto any American
Wove at the United Nations to end
the sanctions but rather will abstain,
on the grounds the United States
would go ahead with such an action
unilaterally.
F Pollowing a vote by the U.S. Con-
gress, the Clinton administration has
set a deadline of Oct. 15 for the
Bosnian Serb rebels to accept an in-
ternational peace plan that gives them
nly 49 percent of the geographical
.rea of the country or see the weapons
embargo lifted.
The Serbs overwhelmingly re-
jected the peace plan in a referendum
last month.
"If the U.N. was to decide to start
supplying arms to one of the combat-
ants in this war," said British Defense
Secretary Malcolm Rifkind, "there is
no way in which U.N. forces could

remain in Bosnia on a bipartisan ba-
sis."
Britain and France, which have
the most troops serving under the
U.N. peace-keeping mandate in the
former Yugoslavia, have opposed a
lifting of the arms embargo, arguing
that it would only intensify the war.
Lifting the embargo would reunite
the Serbs, Rifkind said, and invite
Russian hostility.
In a weekend meeting, European
foreign ministers condemned the pos-
sible U.S. decision to end the em-
bargo.
German Foreign Minister Klaus
Kinkel declared: "Lifting the embargo
would give rise to incalculable risks
and should only be considered as a
solution of last resort. It should not be
imposed unless we are sure our peace-
making efforts have failed."
And French Foreign Minister
Alain Juppe added that ending the
embargo was "an absurdity."
The British argue that if the arms
embargo is lifted the war will inten-
sify and the position of U.N. peace-
keeping forces will be untenable.
Britain and France are making
contingent plans to evacuate their
troops from Bosnia - an operation
expected to take three months. Their
withdrawal would mean an end of the
U.N. protection force that has been
set up in the former Yugoslavia.

Officials cite police
brutality, death
penalty, attacks on
abortion rights
activists as areas of
concern
The Washington Post
WASHINGTON - The State De-
partment released the United States'
first accounting to an international
body of its own human rights prac-
tices yesterday, and simultaneously
issued a candid acknowledgment of
human rights lapses that was held up
for over a month because of concerns
that it would fuel anti-American pro-
paganda abroad.
While human rights protections at
home have advanced over the years,
many challenges and problems re-
main," conceded the department in a
preface released at the same time as
the report to the United Nations Hu-
man Rights Committee.
Among the more recent human
rights "areas of concern" cited by the
department were police brutality, the
death penalty, attacks on abortion rights
activists, language rights infringements
and gender discrimination.
The State Department regularly
issues judgmental reports on human
rights records of nations around the
world, but never before has assessed
the record here. It did so in a 213-page
compliance report prepared to con-
form with the 1966 International Cov-
enant on Civil and Political Rights,
which the United States did not sign
until two years ago.
However, the 10-page preface ac-
knowledging human rights violations
at home was not included when the
report was submitted on July 28 - a
year after it was due.
Instead, in releasing the report
yesterday, the department attached
the preface written by John Shattuck,
an assistant secretary of state who
heads the Bureau of Democracy, Hu-
man Rights and Labor. The preface
had been the subject of an intra-agency
dispute over its language, department
sources said.
The main body of the report is

largely a compendium of state and
federal statutes and case law that was
written to conform to a narrowly-
prescribed format required by the U.N.
rights committee.
In contrast, the preface is a more
subjective and self-critical analysis
of this country's triumphs and fail-
ures in protecting individual human
rights.
"It is of little use to proclaim
principles of human rights protec-
tion at the international level unless
they can be meaningfully realized
and enforced domestically,"
Shattuck said in calling attention to
some of the darker chapters of
American history in the field of in-
dividual rights.
Throughout its history, Shattuck
said, this country has experienced
"egregious human rights violations in
(the) ongoing struggle for justice,"
including enslavement of blacks and
then racial discrimination against
them, destruction of Native Ameri-
can culture and societies, ill treatment
of immigrants and the ongoing denial
of full rights to women.
Department sources said that dis-
agreements "both in substance and
style" over the preface were not re-
solved until late Friday.
Some officials involved in approv-
ing the report were said to have ob-
jected to Shattuck's preface because
they felt it would be exploited for
anti-American propaganda purposes
by countries like China and Cuba that
have regularly been criticized in the
department's annual reports on hu-
man rights records worldwide.
Critics say Washington never fully
accepted international scrutiny of its
own human rights record, because the
Bush administration had conditioned
its acceptance on a series of restric-
tions designed to ensure that U.S. law
would not be affected by the treaty.
Most of the nations that signed did so
with restrictions or qualifications,
human rights activists here concede.
One of the caveats imposed by
the Bush administration holds that
any treaty provision that goes be-
yond U.S. law or practice will be
considered null.

UUUGLAKAMNTUaily
Bret Easton Ellis, author of "Less Than Zero," signs copies of his newest
book "The Informers," at Borders Books & Music yesterday.


Clinton may call reservists for anticipated Haiti invasion

The Washington Post
 WASHINGTON - President
Clinton may have to call "several
hundred" military reservists to active
duty to take part in the anticipated
'vasion of Haiti, senior U.S. offi-
wials said yesterday, amid planning
that included a "walkthrough" exer-
cise by top aides of the proposed
military action.
""As military plans went forward,
Clinton's national security adviser
Ahthony Lake made the case for use
of U.S. power in Haiti by saying that
the nation's "essential reliability" was
at stake. "Having exhausted all other
Smedies, we must make it clear that
e mean what we say" about remov-
ing Haiti's military leaders, Lake said
in a speech here last night to the

Council on Foreign Relations.
"Our actions in Haiti will send a
message far beyond our region, to all
who seriously threaten our interests,"
Lake said.
In related developments, the ad-
ministration has begun intensive con-
sultations on Haiti with key leaders
on Capitol Hill, aimed at heading off
growing restiveness about the wis-
dom of an invasion, officials said.
Secretary of State Warren Christo-
pher announced that 17 countries, in-
cluding Israel and three West Euro-
pean nations, have agreed to contrib-
ute a total of at least 1,500 troops and
police personnel to help a U.S.-led
invasion force after it has secured
control of Haiti.
And the aircraftcarrierUSS America

will sail later this week to Haitian wa-
ters, Defense officials said.It will be the
second carrier slated for Haitian duty,
joining the USS DwightD. Eisenhower.
Clinton has been given several
options for activating military reserves
for Haitian duty but has not decided
among them, a senior official said. A
callup would be necessary because
restructuring of the armed forces has
caused reservist functions in such ar-
eas as logistics and support to be
integrated closely with the operations
of active-duty units.
"In some cases, the active-duty
soldier cannot do his job without the
reservist," the official said. Pentagon
sources said Clinton is considering
asking reservists to volunteer, rather
than formally calling them to duty.

The roles played by reservists and
other elements of a projected 20,000-
member invasion force were part of
an "inter-agency walkthrough" of
planning for the invasion and its af-
termath conducted Sunday at Fort
NcNair in Washington. It involved
going through a day-by-day scenario
of detailed actions that would be taken
leading up to a military intervention
in the Caribbean island nation and for
several weeks afterward.
The exercise covered both goals
set for the invasion force and such
post-invasion tasks as maintaining
public order and safety, delivering
food and medical aid to the Haitian
people, and preparing the way for the
return of deposed civilian President
Jean-Bertrand Aristide.

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