The Michigan Daily - Tuesday, March 1, 1994 - 7

* 0' In Wake of the NATO Attacks'

NATO downing may change face of war

U.N. commander says
unprecedented move
demonstrates that
'NATO has teeth'
THE WASHINGTON POST
SARAJEVO, Bosnia-Herzegovina
-NATO's downing yesterday offour
Serb warplanes over Bosnia, like the
deadly mortar attack on Sarajevo's
marketplace three weeks ago, is amili-
tary action that could alter the course of
the war in this battle-scarred country.
The NATO attack in northwest
Bosnia proved to the Bosnian Serbs
and their mentors in Belgrade that
"NATO has teeth," said British army
Lt. Gen. Michael Rose, the commander
of United Nations forces in Bosnia.
With the U.N.-enforced cease-fire in
Sarajevo and yesterday's dogfight in
the Bosnian skies, both the United

"' " i T

Nations and NATO have now shown a
willingness to go beyond mere words
in their effort to end the worst conflict
in Europe since World War II.
These new roles raise the questions
of whether the United Nations has
enough personnel in Bosnia to imple-
ment the changes, and how the warring
parties will react to the new situation.
U.N. officials say that if the Bosnian
Serbs, largely seen as the main aggres-
sors in this three-sided conflict, accept
the new involvement of U.N. forces
and NATO, then yesterday's strike
against the Galeb ground attack air-
craft could provide an impulse to the
process aimed at stopping the 23-
month-old battle to divide Bosnia.
But if Serb forces take issue with
the United Nations' robust interpreta-
tion of its mission here, then they will
place themselves on a collision course

with the international community.
The result of such a confrontation
could be dire for both the Serbs and the
thousands of lightly armed U.N. sol-
diers and aid workers stretched across
the forbidding hillocks and valleys of
this mountainous land.
Until recently, the U.N. operation
in the shattered republics of what used
to be Yugoslavia has essentially tip-
toed around the combatants. Starting in
1992, the Bosnian operation's main
task has been to deliver aid to the 2.7
million people estimated to depend on
handouts to survive. Despite U.N. Se-
curity Council resolutions approving
the use of "necessary force" to deliver
aid here, U.N. troops have never shot
their way through one of the myriad
roadblocks erected by the warring sides.
Now, under the leadership of Rose,
the fourth commander of the U.N. mis-

sion here since it began, the U.N. op-
eration has adopted a more aggressive
stance. It announced Sunday, for ex-
ample, that it would no longer seek
permission for its aid convoys to cross
battlelines but would simply notify the
warning sides and proceed. Rose has
negotiated and implemented Sarajevo's
most successful cease-fire to date an
18-day truce that has brought some
peace to this crumbling capital, where
an estimated 10,000 people have died
since the war began.
NATO, too, had long taken an am-
biguous approach to involvement in
the war. It began prosecuting a "no-fly
zone" over Bosnia in April 1993, flex-
ing its muscles for the first time beyond
the territory of its member states. Butit
proceeded to allow hundreds of viola-
tions by all sides, most of them by
helicopters, to pass with impunity.



AP PHOTO
F-16s like this one overpowered Serbian aircraft in yesterday's airstrike.
Serb planes no match for F-16s

NATO
Continued from page 1
efforts to end the conflict. Bosnian
Serb forces were reported to have
launched a fierce assault on the north-
ern city of Tuzla after word spread
that four of their aircraft had been
downed.
Although Western news agencies
in Tuzla reported heavy shelling late
yesterday morning, it remained un-
clear whether the NATO action would
prompt a wide-scale intensification
of assaults around the republic.
Some analysts expect NATO's
action to have a deterrent effect on
Bosnian Serb forces, who have been
allowed to violate numerous U.N.
Security Council resolutions with
impunity, which has emboldened
them to press on with their
offensives.
Interviewed on German televi-
sion yesterday evening, Woerner
supported this view. The incident

involving the NATO attack "will
not lead to an escalation, but just the
opposite," he said.
The decision to use armed orce
against Bosnian combatants for the
first time in the 23-month-old con-
flict seems to have caught all factions
on the ground by surprise. Interna-
tional aid agencies had just within the
past few days sent back the dozens of
Bosnian field workers evacuated as a
safety precaution before a Feb. 21
NATO deadline for withdrawal of
artillery around Sarajevo.
NATO had threatened to launch
air strikes against any heavy guns left
within the 12-mile exclusion zone
and senior Bosnian Serb officers had
warned they might retaliate by taking
aid workers or foreign journalists
hostage in their event their weapons
were hit.
"I don't think anybody had ad-
vance notice this was going to hap-
pen," Ron Redmond, spokesperson
for the U.N. High Commissioner for
Refugees office in Geneva.

'i

IT'9S A BLST
"The opportunities I've
had at the Daily will be of
great importance after
graduation-and for now,
I'm having a blast!"
Alisa Rosen, Account
Executive _


LOS ANGELES TIMES
BRUSSELS, Belgium -The
*four planes downed over Bosnia-
Herzegovina by two U.S. Air Force
-16s were identified by NATO of-
icialshere as Soko G-4 Galeb attack
-ircraft and were believed to be part
of the Bosnian Serb air force.
is The "Super Galeb" was designed
=as a trainer by the former Yugoslav
government. But since the break-up
of Yugoslavia began nearly three
*years ago, it has been used by Serbian

forces in Slovenia in 1991 and in the
bombardment of the Croatian port of
Dibrovnik the following year.
The International Institute ofStra-
tegic Studies (IISS) in London re-
ports that Bosnian Serb forces have
about 20 such aircraft.
. "They haven't been flying a great
deal and of course that reduces the
performance of their pilots," noted
Ken Petri, an air warfare specialist at
the IISS. "They were certainly no
match for the F-16s."


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