2 - The Michigan Daily - Tuesday, November 9, 1993

Yeltsin approves draft shortening lawmakers'
terms, strengthening Russian presidential job

Mich. legislators reject.
Democratic proposal
to oppose NAFTA

a

MOSCOW (AP).- Boris Yeltsin
set out his design for the new post-
Soviet Russia yesterday, with a draft
constitution that bolsters his presi-
dency and keeps a tight rein on
Russia's restive regions.
The constitution lets Yeltsin serve
out his five-year term until 1996 but
sets lawmakers' terms at two years.
The shorter terms and Yeltsin's
retreat from a promise to hold early
presidential elections in June have.
fed criticism that he is strengthening
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his own power at the expense of the
legislative branch.
Since disbanding parliament and
crushing resisters in early October,
Yeltsin has wielded virtually abso-
lute power.
Supporters say the president
should serve outhis term for stability's
sake.
They say parliament should turn
overmore rapidly to ensure a smoother
transition while Russia undergoes tu-
multuous changes.
Parliament will be chosen in elec-
tions on Dec. 12, the same day as the
referendum on the constitution.
There is some anxiety that the new
parliament's legitimacy may be com-
promised by a short campaign, the
recentpolitical violence, andYeltsin's
banning of several hard-line parties
and publications.
The old Supreme Soviet legisla-
ture had five-year terms, and Yeltsin
stepped outside the constitution and
disbanded it to stop it from blocking
his free-market reforms and eroding
his authority.
He has long sought a new consti-
tution to reflect the changes Russia
has undergone since the 1991 Soviet
collapse and provide a framework for

more.
The new document codifies much
of what the post-Soviet legislature or
Yeltsin already did by amendment or
decree, such as abolishing censor-
ship, guaranteeing privacy, and en-
suring the right to buy and sell land.
According to a working draftmade
public early this month, the president
could declare a state of emergency
and temporarily cutback on civil free-
doms.
It said that laws spelling out the
conditions under which he can de-
clare a state of emergency have to be
passed by the new parliament.
The draft also gives the president
the right to disband the lower cham-
ber if it rejects his candidate forprime
minister three times.
A constitutional convention
Yeltsin handpicked in June has been
drafting the charter.
His spokesperson Anatoly
Krasikov said he could not comment
on any changes, and that the full text
of the draft would be published today.
A presidential aide, who spoke on
condition of anonymity, said the only
major amendment was to abolish re-
gional citizenships, meaning people
would be citizens of the Russian Fed-
eration only.
The leadership in Moscow wants
to clamp down on separatist move-

ments like those that tore apart the
SovietUnion and have caused fight-
ing around Russia's periphery.
The old Soviet constitution de-
clared regions "sovereign," but that
meant virtually nothing under the
highly centralized Communist re-
gime. Now, many regional leaders
are claiming varying degrees of real
autonomy.
Yeltsin presented regional lead-
ers with a working draft of the con-
stitution last week and said he was
determined to hold the Russian Fed-
eration together.
"Recognition of sovereign rights
of some parts of the state makes it
not a federation, but a confedera-
tion," he said then.
"I am standing for the nations'
right for self-determination, but ...
excluding the right to secede from
Russia."
He also used that occasion to
back away from pledges to hold
early presidential elections.
In the parliamentary race, elec-
tion officials said 21 parties submit-
ted the required lists of 100,000 or
more voter signatures to take part in
the election.
The signatures were being
checked anal qualifying parties
would be announced this week,
Russian election officials said.

LANSING (AP)-- Democratic
efforts to push onto the House floor
a resolution that would oppose the
North American Free Trade Agree-
ment failed in committee yesterday.
The resolution would have been
a formal statement of opposition to
NAFTA, a pact that would join the
United States, Canada and Mexico
in the world's largest trading block.
Congress is expected to vote Nov.
17 on the trade agreement which is
strongly supported by President
Clinton.
Rep. Michael Goschka, a Re-
publican and former steel worker,
was ambivalent in casting the decid-
ing vote against the resolution in the
House Oversight and Ethics Com-
mittee. The resolution lost 6-2.
Goschka had favored an amend-
ment to delete a portion of the reso-
lution that cited NAFTA's adverse
impact on agriculture,
When the amendment was de-
feated, Goschka joined Rep. Frank
Fitzgerald (R-Grand Ledge) in vot-
ing against the resolution.
"In the strongest way I want to
protect jobs," Goschka said. "(But)
my agricultural prospective tells me
not throw out the baby with the bath

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RACE
Continued from page 1
appear to have been attached incor-
rectly. "Our leading theory is that the
tabs are degrading in the heat. The
interconnects are becoming disgraded
and instead of acting like resistors,
they are dissipating power," said Dan
Ross, the team'spublic relations man-
ager.
"As the potential energy dissipates
as heat, it further heats the tabs and
thereby further degrades them," he
added.
Due to the array difficulties, Maize
and Blue is only using about half as
much power as the other vehicles in
the race.

Team members said it is not pos-
sible to rectify the situation during the
race, adding that the car's telemetry
system allowed them to detect the
problem and avoid more serious prob-
lems.
Engineering senior Birgir De La
Pefia urged other team members to
look at the bright side of the situation.
"Just look at the fact we're run-
ning alongside teams that are getting
200 to 300 watts more power than us.
It says a lot for our team and our
vehicle's design."
Team Manager Andy ,Carmody
left the campsite to search for Prof.
Green, who designed the type of solar
cells used on Maize and Blue, and
alsocoordinates the World Solar Chal-
lenge.

On the reddish clay earth, cattle
graze on wispy brown grass and scrub
brush that claw into a stark blue sky
with washed out green and yellow-
leafed limbs.
The 5 p.m. mandatory pullover
found the Maize and Blue team set-
ting up camp along an arid Bonnie
Creek.
During the race's first two days,
Maize and Blue covered 662.2 miles,
breaking the record set by a vehicle
from the Engineering College of Biel
in 1990.
Eleven other teams also surpassed
Biel's record-making first-day run.
Six of these teams finished further
south on Australia's primary outback
highway. Of the top 15 teams, seven
are from Japan, five from the United

water."
Fitzgerald said he opposed the
resolution because he believed it was
proposed for political reasons. Six
Democrats favored the measure. The
resolution needed seven votes to be
sent to the House floor.
Representatives of the Michigan
Farm Bureau, Michigan Chamber of
Commerce and Michigan Retailers
Association all testified in favor of
NAFTA. "For retailers it's an issue of
expanding markets," said Peter
Kuhnmuench, spokesperson for the
retailers association. "It would in-
crease the availability of goods and
consumers."
NAFTA would give 90 million
Mexican consumers access to Ameri-
can goods, he said.
But resolution sponsor Rep. Kirk
Profit (D-Ypsilanti) said NAFTA
could result in the loss of manufactur-1
ing jobs to Mexico. Profit's district
includes Ypsilanti Township where
the General Motors Corp. closed a
plant and consolidated its operations
with an Arlington, Texas, facility.
"I am not interested in sacrificing
our quality of life so Mexico can
bring itself up to our standard," Profit
said.
States, two from Australia and one
from Switzerland.
Yesterday, the University's team
was passed by entries from two of its
compatriots -California Polytech-
nic University at Pomona and George
Washington University.
Forty-two of the original 52 teams
are camped further north. Team Mos-
cow is the only team to have been
disqualified thus far. This occurred
when it were unable to maintain the
minimum speed requirement of 38
kph.
Several other race entries also ex-
perienced problems with the heat.
Leader Honda's Dream required a
motor replacement, and the Swiss
Spirit of Biel III had a wheel mount
failure.
clientelle, we have torespond to that,"
he said.
Jason hinted at ideas such as in-
formation tables at the bars, or serv-
ing non-alcoholic beverages for allot-
ted periods of time during that week.
Most of the bars on campus serve
alcohol-free beer including O'Douls,49
Excel, St. Pauli Girl, Sharp's, and
Kaliber.
politics that usually surround candi-
dates and parties.
Lee met with some of the mem-
bers of already established parties,
but could not find one that met his
expectations.
"People are usually forced to con-
form toparty views or vote their way,"
Lee said. "I think I have a greater
understanding for students of what's
it's like to be here."
Lee said he wants to change the
way MSA uses students' money to
pay for events such as Diag concerts
that only publicize the assembly.

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BARS
Continued from page 1
that part of the business community
for their support in future years," said
Randy Sklar, a member of the Alco-
hol Awareness Week Committee.
Randy suggested that in the fu-
ture, local bars could donate money to
bring lecturers and workshops tocam-
pus.

And while the will to participate
was present, bar owner Mouradmain-
tained his business-as-usual attitude.
"We won't be against it. We sup-
port any alcohol awareness, but, we
serve (alcohol) as it's a restaurant,
and restaurants serve alcohol,"
Mourad said.
Arellano also expressed interest
in getting involved. "If it's some-
thing to do with respect to our

m _____________>::___,___


MSA
Continued from page 1
enough about them to make a deci-
sion like that."
Many students said they wanted
to be a part of MSA regardless of a
party affiliation, but find the chal-


BY

GKE GREEN
NATIONALLY RENOWNED SPEAKER AT OVER 200 COLLEGE CAMPUSES

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lenge of running a campaign without
a recognized name has harder than
they imagined.
Winnicki, an LSA sophomore,
admitted he would have preferred to
run with a party, but was unable to get
a group of people together in time.
"We tried everything, but we're
happier this way," Winnicki said. "We
know we're not political. We're on
the outside of it. We want to get in-
side."
Some students, like LSA junior
Kyu Lee, said they preferred to run as
independents in order to be free of the
11

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