Secret history:
WASHINGTON (AP) - The
State Department, FBI, and armed
services hampered the Central
Intelligence Agency in its infancy by
bickering about authority over covert
activities and other operations, ac-
cording to a long-secret CIA history
of the spy agency's early years.
The 1,000-page narrative, written
in 1953 by historian Arthur Darling,
is the first CIA document to be de-
classified and transferred to the
National Archives for release to the
public under the spy agency's histor-
ical review program.
A copy of it was delivered to
President Bush on Wednesday by
William Webster, director of the
CIA, and Don Wilson, archivist of
the United States.
Webster said other CIA records
will be declassified and transferred to
the Archives.
The declassified version of
Darling's history is accompanied by
a note from the CIA's history staff
cautioning readers that the former
Yale history professor, who was the
agency's first historian, had "a defi-
nite and sometimes controversial
point of view."
"Darling blames the State
Department, the FBI, and what he
terms the military establishment -
especially the heads of the military
intelligence services - for much of
the hardship which the early CIA
(and its predecessor, the Central
Intelligence Group) endured," the
note says.
The history staff also said the late
Allen Dulles, when he became direc-
tor of central intelligence in 1953,
"reportedly... did not concur with
Darling's conclusions and... re-
stricted access to the history."
Officials'
Darling was the agency's histo- saying i
rian from 1952 to 1954. He died in were the
1975. In a
He wrote that sniping by the mil- "They a
itary departments began as soon as in 1953
the Office of Strategic Services, fore- agency
runner of the CIA, was established their cap
by President Franklin D. Roosevelt "The
during World War II. with the
Brig. Gen. John Magruder, tial to tt
deputy director of the OSS, told should1
Darling that career military officers matic p
"lowered their horns" against the ex- he said.
pert economists, geographers, histo- "The
rians, and scientists recruited for the Departn
new spying network. glad to u
Darling conceded in his history branch
that the military might have been Services
justified in withholding information "They u
because the OSS "deserved part of its as an e
reputation for being a sieve." ments."
He quoted OSS chief William As ti
"Wild Bill" Donovan, however, as Donova
The Michigan Daily - Monday, November 27, 1989 - Page 7
bickering hurt CIA
t was the military men who
"leaky boys."
ny event, Darling wrote,
are reluctant to this moment
to give a central civilian
intelligence which exposes
pabilities in war.
result has been interference
flow of raw materials essen-
he realistic estimates which
go to the makers of diplo-
olicy and military strategy,"
Army, Navy and the
aent of State were always
use the research and analysis
of the Office of Strategic
s as a servant," he wrote.
were not willing to accept it
qual partner in final judg-
he war approached an end,
n proposed to the president
on Nov. 18, 1944, that the OSS be
turned into a permanent central intel-
ligence system.
"But this was not to happen,"
Darling wrote. "The Federal bureau
of Investigation and the armed ser-
vices accepted the invitation to com-
bat vociferously and at length.... The
Department of State proceeded with
its own plan, aided and encouraged
by the Bureau of the Budget and the
Department of Justice."
. Donovan's plan was leaked to the
press and'led to editorials denouncing
it as a "superspy system" and a
"police state" and complaints in
Congress that the government envi-
sioned creating a "super-Gestapo."
President Truman disbanded the
OSS on Sept. 20, 1945, and ordered
the State Department to take the lead
in developing a postwar intelligence
network. In doing so, wrote Darling,
he turned aside a Justice Department
plan to make the FBI the center of
the national intelligence system.
On Jan. 24, 1946, he issued a di-
rective creating the Central
Intelligence group. It was prohibited
from interfering with "internal secu-
rity functions."
"Succeeding directors of central
intelligence were to have a merry
time with J. Edgar Hoover of the
FBI," Darling wrote.
Hoover even maintained that the
FBI needed posts abroad, at least in
the Western Hemisphere, to protect
internal security. He agreed to with-
draw his agents from Latin America
but was "irate" at being required to
do so, Darling said.
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