Page 2- The Michigan Daily - Wednesday, October 22, 1986
Nicaraguans blast U.S. at trial
MANAGUA, Nicaragua (AP)---
The Sandinista government opened
its case against Eugene Hasenfus,
the first American captured in the
Washington-backed rebel war, with
a scathing review of the history of
U.S.-Nicaraguan relations.
No details of the government's
evidence against Hasenfus were
revealed in the 14-page accusation
read Monday in a "People's
Tribunal" that specializes in
judging those charged with coun-
terrevolutionary acts. -
In a sweltering courtroom packed
with reporters, Hasenfus sat stonily
Ozone lay
WASHINGTON (AP)--Wha-
tever is causing protective ozone to
disappear over the South Pole
probably isn't the sun and the wind,
according to scientists on the frozen
continent.
They said Monday they believe a
chemical process is behind the
puzzling, recently discovered drop
in ozone concentrations every
October. But they are not ready to
at a table with court president
Reynaldo Monterrey. He listened
as he was formally charge with
terrorism, criminal association, and
violating the public order and
security on behalf of the U.S.
government.
"I have nothing to say until I
talk with my lawyer," said Has -
enfus, dressed in a black T-shirt,
dirty blue jeans, and combat boots
without laces, after the accusation
was read first in Spanish, then in
English.
The 45-year-old American from
Marinette, Wis. was captured Oct. 6
after Sandinista soldiers shot down
a C-123 military transport plane
carrying supplies to rebels fighting
the leftist Sandinista government.
Two other Americans and a third
man, still unidentified, were killed.
Hasenfus, who met for the first
time with defense attorney Enrique
Botelo Borgen after the session, has
two days to enter a plea. The
lawyer said he would ask per-
mission to talk with his client
again today.
Justice Minister Rodrigo Reyes
gave the court a four-page document.
identified as Hasenfus' confession,
as well as a recommendation that
the American be sentenced to 30
years in prison, the maximum
penalty for the charges.
"In flying over Nicaraguan
territory with the object of
supplying forces financed and
directed by the North American
government who act against the
legally constituted government of
Nicaragua...(Hasenfus) is carrying
out acts that impair the
independence, the sovereignty, and
the integrity of the nation," said the
accusation read by Monterrey.
IN BRIEF
COMPILED FROM ASSOCIATED PRESS REPORTS
U. S. vows military strength
WASHINGTON-President Reagan, expressing confidence the
United States and theSoviet Union will reach an arms agreement,
pledged yesterday during a visit by West German Chancellor Helmut:
Kohl that the accord will be based on allied strength and not "weaknes:
or timidity."
Reagan greeted Kohl at an elaborate welcoming ceremony on the
White House South Lawn, and both said that Reagan's meeting with
Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in Iceland provided the basis for
further nuclear arms reduction talks.
"When the next agreement is finally reached with the Soviet.
Union-and I say when, not if-it will not be the result of weakness dr
timidity on the part of Western nations," Reagan promised. "It will
flow from strength, realism, and unity."
Kohl has said he would oppose ay agreement that would leave
Europe vulnerable to the overwhelmingly superior conventional forces:
of the Soviet bloc.
American abducted in Beirut
BEIRUT, Lebanon-An underground group yesterday claimed it.
kidnapped a 56-year-old American and alleged he worked for the CIA anil
the Israeli secret service. The United States denied the charges.
The Revolutionary Justice Organization, a group believed made up
of Shiite Moslems loyal to Iran, identified the hostage as Edward Tracy
of Vermont.
If Tracy's abduction is confirmed, he would be the seventh American
missing in Lebanon. The Revolutionary Justice Organization claims tp
hold one of the previous American kidnap victims.
The group made its claim in a handwritten note in Arabic delivered,
to the Beirut office of a Western news agency. The statement was
accompanied by a photograph of Tracy and a photocopy of his passport.
The white-haired Tracy writes illustrated children's books. He was
one of the fewer than a dozen Americans who remained in west Beirut
after the latest exodus of foreigners in April.
er depletion puzzles s
blame man-made chemicals yet. Protection Agency estimates that
The Antarctic discoveries, each one percent decline in ozone at
confirmed earlier this year, set off a high altitudes means 200,000 more
flurry of scientific and govern- skin cancers around the globe every
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mental activity because ozone is
necessary to support life as we
know it, and the "hole" was the
first concrete evidence of damage to
the ozone layer despite more than a
decade of warnings from some
scientists.
The ozone dropoff also appears
to be occurring over the North
Pole, another study has shown.
The formation of ozone-a
pollutant at ground level-by ultra-
violet rays high in the atmosphere
keeps most of those rays from
reaching the surface of the Earth,
where they could be deadly to some
life forms. The Environmental
year.
In a telephone hookup from the
U.S. base at McMurdo Sound to a
news conference sponsored by the
National Science Foundation,
Susan Solomon, leader of a special
expedition to study the October
ozone drop in Antarctica, said she
was "more concerned" than she had
been before the expedition, because
science has been "unable to come
up with an explanation."
But she said her group believes
it can rule out two theories put
forward to compete with the
chemical theory.
One of those two theories
proposes that the 11-year solar
cycle is somehow responsible,
through triggering chemical re-
actions that have a cumulative
effect. This would explain why the
Antarctic "hole" did not appear
before the mid-1970's."
The other postulates that slight
changes in wind patterns resulting
in an upward movement of air
scientists
masses could be responsible.
The leading competitor of these
two theories states that chloro-
flourocarbon compounds used as
refrigeration fluids are deleting
ozone around the globe, through the
release of chlorine from these long-
lived molecules when they reach
high altitudes.
One problem is that none of the
several computer models used by
scientists who believe this theory
predicted the October Antarctic
"hole"-which is actually about a
40 percent decline in ozone
concentration over much of the
continent.
If the solar cycle were driving
ozone down, large amounts of
nitrogen dioxide should be found at
altitudes where the ozone is
disappearing-but "the nitrogen
dioxide abundances inside the ozone
hole are the lowest we have
observed anywhere in the world,"
said Solomon, a chemist at the
Boulder, Colo., lab of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad-
ministration.
Oil ministers reach accord 4
GENEVA-OPEC leaders, weary on the 16th day of talks, debated a
new compromise on oil production controls yesterday that could clear
the final obstacle to a full agreement aimed at preventing another price
drop.
After 24 hours of nearly continuous backroom bargaining, the
ministers produced a series of proposals that sources said had broken, a,
key logjam.
The 13 ministers of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries were trying to agree on conditions under which they would
.extend an existing accord on production controls until Dec. 31. The
current accord expires Oct. 31.
Analysts said an extension of the accord through year's end would at
least keep oil prices from falling.
The key dispute centered on Kuwait's demand for a 10 percent
increase in its production quota starting Nov. 1. Several members
argued that Kuwait was one of the wealthiest OPEC nations and that
any production increases should be given to needier members.
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ill Street Forum presents
An Evening With Senator
f ~ Carl Levin
"Shooting Straight from the
Hill"
Senator Carl Levin will give his
overview of the hot issues currently
being debated on Capitol Hill. An open
question and answer period will follow
his address.
Thurs. Oct. 230* 7:30 p.m.
Hillel Auditorium
1429 Hill Street * 663-3336
By WENDY SHARP
One member of the committee
that is reviewing the University's
honorary degree policy has refused
to agree to keep the committee's
work secret.
Robert Malchman, a first-year
law student, was the only one of
the eight committee members who
refused to swear the committee's
work to secrecy last Friday.
Malchman said he refused because
he wants to abide by the
constitution of the Michigan.
Student Assembly.
THE ASSEMBLY appointed
Malchman and LSA senior Joseph
Kraus to the committee. According
to the MSA constitution,
appointees must report their
committee work to MSA, and
Malchman said the confidentiality
agreement prevents him doing this.
Rackham graduate school Dean
John D'Arms, chairman of the
committee, refused to comment
about Malchman's decision or the
effect it would have on the
committee's progress. Other
committee members could not be
reached or refused to comment
about Malchman's decision.
The ad hoc committee was
formed April 18 by the Board of
Regents to review the University's
current procedures for awarding
honorary degrees. The committee,
which consists of both students and
faculty, is scheduled to submit its
recommendations to University
President Harold Shapiro by the end
of this term.
IN ADDITION to problems
with MSA's constitution,
Malchman said he has personal
reservations about closed meetings.
"In general, I don't think that
committee meetings that discuss
University policy should be
closed," he said.
MSA bylaws state that "each
liason person shall submit to the
assembly written reports of the
activities of their committees. .
and shall also submit reports on
matters under the purview of their
committee whenever requested to do
so by the assembly." The bylaws
also state that MSA may request
that a committee member provide
copies of all committee materials.
MSA last week requested that
the ad hoc committee provide the
assembly with a statement of the
committee's purpose, a list of its
members, provisions for holding
open hearings or forums, a general
summary of its meetings, and an
explanation of why the committee
meetings were closed. The
resolution said MSA recognizes
that "a degree of confidentiality may
be necessary for certain aspects of
the review process."
SOME information about the
committee-its specific purpose
and its membership-are already
public. D'Arms said he favors
providing MSA with summaries of
meetings and setting up some open
hearings or forums. He added,
however, that the commitee will
have the final say.
D'Arms said meetings were
closed by an internal committee
decision and the secrecy agreement
allows for "free and frank
committee exchange.'
Malchman said he would agree
to the confidentiality pact if the
committee accepts MSA's
resolution. "As long as MSA is
happy and the committee will agree
to their resolution, then I'm going
to agree," he said.
Bad weather, pilot error
caused Mozambican crash
JOHANNESBURG, South Africa-Pilot error and bad weather
probably caused the plane crash that killed Mozambique President
Samora Machel and 33 other people, newspapers here said yesterday::
But Zambia's president blamed South Africa for the crash.
Marcelino dos Santos, No. 2 in Mozambiques's ruling FRELIMO
party and considered a possible successor, said the plane went down
"in circumstances not yet clarified."
South African-backed rebels fighting Mozambique's Marxist
government said from Lisbon that they had "no sorrow" over Machel's
death.
South African newspapers quoted the injured Soviet pilot a saying
he believed he was shot down, but the papers said pilot error and
weather apparently caused the crash.
Machel's presidential plane plowed into a slope just 200 yards
inside South Africa, about 45 miles west of Maputo, the Mozambique
capital. He was returning from a summit in Zambia, where he had
met with Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda and other black heads of
state.
I
Hifi
HEALTH & FITNESS
Miths feast on Mich. trees
BROOMALL, Pa.-Gypsy moths have destroyed 61,000 acres of
Michigan trees this year, fourth among states that reported damages
from the leaf-eating insect, a federal official said yesterday.
The moths destroyed 2.4 million acres of trees in the Northeast, an
increase of 600,000 acres over last year, said Bob Wolfe, a spokesman
for the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service.
The increase was part of a normal cyclical upswing in the gypsy
moth's population and defoliation, Wolfe said. The number of moths
and the number of acres defoliated has been climbing since the cycle
reached its ebb in 1984, when 1 million acres were devoured
throughout the northeastern United States, he said.
"We had a real high population level ip 1981, with 12 million
acres defoliated, then we had a period of population decine," Wolfe
said.
"I expect if the trend holds true, next year we'll have slightly more
than this year."
Vol. XCVII - No. 35
The Michigan Daily (ISSN 0745-967 X) is published Monday
through Friday during the fall and winter terms. Subscription rates:
September through April-$18 in Ann Arbor; $35 outside the city.
One term-$10 in town; $20 outside the city.
The Michigan Daily is a m6mber of The Associated Press and
subscribes to Pacific News Service and the Los Angeles Times
Syndicate.
Editor in Chief ................. ERIC MATSON SPORTS STAFF: Adam Benson, Jim Downey, Liam
Managing Editor...................RACHEL GOTTLIEB Flaherty, Allen Gelderloos, Chris Gordillo, Shelly
News Editor................... JERRY MARKON Hasselhuhn, Al Hedblad, Julie Hollman, John
City Editor.....................CHRISTY RIEDEL Husband, Darren Jarey. Rob Levine, Jill Marchiano.
Features Editor.... .........AMY MINDELL Christian Martin, Greg McDonald, Scott Miller, Greg
NEWS STAFF: Francie Allen, Elizabeth Atkins, Eve Molzon, Jerry Muth, Adam Ochlis, Andy Ransom, Jeff
Becker, Melissa Birks, Laura Bischoff, Rebecca Rush, Adam Schefter, Adam Schrager, Scott Shaffer,
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Tim Daly, John Dunning, Rob Earle, Ellen Fiedeiholtz,
Martin Frank, Lisa Green, Stephen Gregory, Jim Photo Editor..........................ANDI SCHREIBER
Hershiser, Mary Chris Jaklevic, Steve Knopper, Philip PHOTO STAFF: Leslie Boorstein, Jae Kim, Scott
. Levy.Mh Lustig Andy Mills, K sry Murakamn, Lituchy, John Munson. Dean Randazzo, Peter Ross,
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Skubik, Naomi Wax.
Opinion Page Editor..... .....KAREN KLEIN Business Manager........MASON FRANKLIN
Associate Opinion Page Editor......HENRY PARK Sales Manager.....................DIANE BLOOM
OPINION PAGE STAFF: Rosemary Chinnock, Tim Finance Manager...............REBECCA LAWRENCE
Huet, Gayle Kirshenbaum, Peter Mooney, Caleb Classified Manager.............GAYLA BROCKMAN
Southworth. Ass't Sales Manager..................DEBRA LEDERER
Arts Editor......................NOELLE BROWER Ass't Classified Manager.............GAYLE SHAPIRO
Associate Arts Editor................REBECCA CHUNG DISPLAY SALES: Barb Calderoni, Irit Elrand, Lisa
Music......................................BETH FERTIG Gnas, Melissa Hambrick, Alan Heyman, Julie
Film ...................KURT SERBUS Kromholz, Arne Kubek, Wendy Lewis, Jason Liss,
Books ...................SUZANNAE MISENCIK Lara arin.Sctt etalf.R.-', ('ise. ardvn
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Reflections on Beauty
Achieving Beauty Through Education1
* Special Image and
Health programs
available for your
group or organization.
* Xia Fashion collec-
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MSA.eriti
(Continued from Page 1)
justice system.
MSA HAS opposed all the
codes that have been presented to it
because "they invade student
freedoms," MSA President Kurt
Muenchow said in a recent
interview.
Muenchow said last night that
the assembly's official position is
"No Code," but he added that MSA
will reevaluate its position when
the University Council responds to
ques code
students, lax rules of evidence,
inadequate subpoena power, and
limited right to counsel.
" W E' R E challenging the
University Council to answer our
specific problems with (the
Emergency Procedures),"
Muenchow said.
Muenchow said he is worried
that when University President
Harold Shapiro sees that MSA will
continue to oppose a code, he will
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Sandi Mackrill, Image Consultant
Kerrytown * 2nd Floor a Ann Arbor
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