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Pagp 2 - The Michigan Daily - Wednesday, October 15, 1986
Discovering new cells
'U' alumnus wins Nobel Prize in medicine
By ELIZABETH ATKINS
with wire reports
University alumnus Stanley
Cohen has been named a co-winner
of the Nobel Prize in medicine for
discoveries of "growth factors" in
human and animal tissue, officials
announced Monday.
Cohen, a biochemist, will share
the $290,000 cash prize with
Italian-American biologist Rita
Levi-Montalcini. Their discovery of
proteins regulating cell growth
"opened new fields of widespread
importance to basic science," the
Nobel Assembly of Stockholm's
Karolinska Institute said.
"THE 'GROWTH factors'
involve a new class of molecules
that stimulate new cells to grow,"
Cohen said. "We discovered the new
growth factors in the nerves and
epidermis."
Members of the committee
which chose the winners said the
discovery may lead to better
understanding of such disease states
as developmental malformations,
degenerative changes in senile
dementia, delayed wound healing,
something else."
COHEN was born in Brooklyn,
N.Y., and earned his bachelor's
degree'at Brooklyn College. He
'I lucked out. I made (the discoveries) while I was
studying something else.'
-Stanley Cohen,
1986 Nobel Prize winner
Colorado in Boulder and
Washington University in St.
Louis. He currently teaches in the
Department of Biological
Chemistry at Vanderbilt University
in Nashville.
Cohen is the sixth University
alumnus to win a Nobel Prize,
according to Sue Burris, assistant
editor of "Michigan Alumnus"
magazine. Others are Thomas
Weller, 1954 Nobel in medicine;
Marshall Nerenberg, 1968 Nobel in
medicine; Samuel C. C. Ting,
1976 Nobel in physics; Lawrence
Klein, 1980 Nobel in economics;
and Jerome Karle, 1985 Nobel in
chemistry.
Levi-Montalcini is director of
the cellular biology laboratory at
the National Council of Scientific
Research in Rome and is considered
one of Italy's leading scientists.
and tumor diseases. The growth
factors may also prove useful in
repairing skine and the cornea after
surgery or burn injuries.
"I lucked out," Cohen, 63, told
reporters in Nashville. "I made (the
discoveries) while I was studying
earned his master's degree at
Oberlin College.
Cohen graduated from the
University of Michigan in1949
with a doctorate in biological
chemistry. Since then, he has
taught at the University of
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HEALTH & FITNESS
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By STEVE BLONDER
New "designated-donor" blood
centers are springing up across the
country in response to the public's
growing concern over the purity of
the nation's blood supply, but Red
Cross officials say the service is
impractical and fuels unfounded
paranoia about contracting diseases.
Dr. Joseph Feldschuh, president
of Daxor Corporation, which started
the first designated-donor blood
Fitmess
center 12 years ago, said the blood
in the programs is stored at minus
120 degrees Fahrenheit until the
donor directs that it be used. It takes
about an hour for the blood to
thaw, he said, and the center is open
24 hours a day.
THE COST is $150 per year.
Part of the reason these centers
have emerged is that the public does
not know that all blood is screened
for disease before it is used. Red
Cross Public Relations Officer
Norene Peterson said the fear that it
is possible to contract hepatitis or
AIDS from blood transfusions is
unfounded as long as blood centers
carefully screen all donated blood.
"There is no danger in using
blood from a Red Cross blood
bank," she said. "On all of the
blood that is donated, we do
syphilis, hepatitis, and Htlv 3
(AIDS virus) tests."
DR. JERRY Grey, medical
director of the Blood Bank at St.
Joseph Mercy Hospital, said that
"no medical evidence exists - to
suggest that blood from directed
donations is safer than blood from
volunteer donations."
Feldschuh, however, said there is
a significant risk of receiving
infections from blood transfusions
provided by a general blood bank.
"The safest blood you can get is
your own blood," he said. "With
blood banks, there is a problem
with the screening. More tests are
available than are being used."
Feldschuh said that of the
200,000 cases of hepatitis from
blood transfusions reported each
year, 60,000 are serious, and 10,000
tol3,000 result in death. "Although
the risk of AIDS is low, no
foolproof test exists to fully screen
out the disease," he said.
TWO CASES of AIDS
resulting from blood transfusions
were recently reported, but both
occurred before blood centers began
checking donations for the AIDS
virus.
Greg MacGregor, director of
public information at the New York
Blood Center, said one out of every
250,000 transfusions leads to
AIDS, and 8.3 percent of all
transfusions causesyhepatitis.
"However, you have a 10 percent
chance of getting hepatitis if you
stay overnight in any hospital
regardless if you receive a
transfusion," he said.
Neal Fry, the Red Cross's
regional representative of donor
resources, said programs like
Feldschuh's "would have the effect
of shooting community blood
programs" because the number of
donors to general blood banks
would decrease if people use the
designated donor program.
FELDSCHUH countered that
programs such as his will actually
help solve the current blood
shortage. "Right now only three
percent of the population donates
blood," he said, and blood left over
from designated donor programs is
given to community blood
programs. "Also, we serve to lessen
the burden on community blood
programs by making less people
dependent on them."
Fry also criticized the programs
because the blood cannot be used in
emergencies since it takes so long
for it to defrost.
IN BRIEF
COMPILED FROM ASSOCIATED PRESS REPORTS
El Salvador death toll rises
SAN SALVADOR, El Salvador-With the official death toll nearing
1,000, rescue workers continued their search for survivors of the
earthquake that devastated El Salvador's capital.
President Jose Duarte late Monday put the number of known dead
from Friday's disaster at 976. He said 8,176 people were injured and that
tens of thousands left homeless were left living in makeshift tents and
shacks in streets, parks and fields.
Among the newly listed dead was Harry Jacobson, 73, a native of
Racine, Wisc., and owner of the Gran Hotel San Salvador, the third
American known to have died in the quake. Jacobson died in the
wrechage of his own building, rescuers said.
On Monday, rescuers pulled three more survivors out from the Ruben
Dario building. The two women and one man were quickly wrapped in
inflatable bags to simulate the pressure on their bodies during the days of
entombment in order to prevent shock.
Four days of blistering heat have enveloped parts of the downtown
area in the stench of decomposing bodies, but tired rescue workers
expressed hope they might find other survivors.
"We always believe there is the possibility of people being alive,"
said Urs Ochsenbein of the Swiss rescue team.
Serial killer attacks transients
LOS ANGELES-A serial killer apparently has begun to prey late at
night'on drifters and other lone men on streets throughout the city in a
fast-developing case that one detective says has victims "popping up all
over the place."
Homicide detectives were trying to determine whether two more bodies
found Monday-including the brother of All-Pro football great James
Lofton-might be the same person tentatively tied to nine other
killings, said police Lt. Dan Cooke.
The first killer, the so-called "Southside Slayer" who also remains
at large, has been targeting prostitutes in south-central Los Angeles.
There is no apparent connection between the two crime sprees which,
together, have taken the lives of more than two dozen people, Cooke
said.
One notable difference between the two serial killers is the rate of the
deaths. The 17 Southside Slayer murders began just over three years ago
and have been sporadic, with some killings separated by months of
inactivity.
Michigan mandin jungle
QUITO, Ecuador-A father prepared to bring the body of his son back
to the United States after a quest for Incan gold turned into a nightmare of
death in a South American jungle.
Crews searching the Los Lianganates mountains on Monday found the
body of David Groover, 37, of White Cloud, Mich. An Ecuadorean hired.
as a porter, Edison Cristobal Guevara, 20, was found alive in the same
area and hospitalized in the town of Pillaro.
Groover was on of two Michigan men who became lost in a jungle
while on an expedition earlier this month for treasure and artifacts, family:
members said.
Bill Johnson, 37, of Rockford, Mich., remained hospitalized yesterday
in Quito with an arm injury and suffering from exhaustion and
dehydration.
"They're recuperating and are doing fine;" U.S. Embassy
spokeswoman Pamela Corey said yesterday of Johnson and Guevara.
Corey said David Groover died of hunger and exposure.
Pre-school enrollment rises
WASHINGTON-- Enrollment in kindergarten and nursery schools is
at record levels as births edge upward, a trend that Census Bureau officials
say will shortly reverse the long-term decline in elelmentary school
enrollment.
"In 1985 there were more children attending pre-primary school than
ever before," including 2.5 million tots in nursery school and 3.8 million
in kindergarten, the Census Bureau reported yesterday.
"Parents are enrolling their children at earlier ages for the educational
benefits," explained statistician Rosalind Bruno of the Census Burea.
"The increase in kindergarten and nursery school enrollment in the
1980s because of increased population indicates an imminent reversal of
the long-term trend of decline in elementary school enrollment," she
wrote in the Bureau's annual report on school enrollment.
. Enrollment in pre-schools has grown significantly since 1965, even in
the face of the so-called Baby Bust, when birth rates declined sharply.
The low number of births in the 1960s and 1970s was balanced by a
rapidly increasing share of children who were sent to nursery school and
kindergarten.
Blanchard irks flood victims
LANSING-Official estimates of Michigan's agricultural flood damge
'jumped to nearly $289 million yesterday while politicians debated the
best way to help farmers who lost this year's havests.
A Republican state senator and the GOP candidate for governor
promoted outright grants as an alternative to Democratic Gov. James
Blanchard's zero-interest disaster loan proposal. And some farmers
complained that Blanchard was wrong to limit assistance to farmers who
suffered weather-related losses.
"I think flooding is a poor way to weed out farmers to go out of
business," farmer Jim Greenhoe of Carson City told GOP gubernatorial
candidate William Lucas. "Being a bunch of farmers we have no pull in
Lansing."
Disaster officials yeaterday boosted their official Michigan flood
damage estimate to nearly $400 million, federal coordinating officer Ron
Buddecke said
Blanchard had said farmers pushed to the brink of bankruptcy for
reasons other than severe weather damage should not qualify his proposed
special loans at zero interest with no payments until the fourth year.
Vol. XCVII - No:30
The Michigan Daily (ISSN 0745-967 X) is published Monday
through Friday during the fall and winter terms. Subscription rates:
September through April-$18 in Ann Arbor; S35 outside the city.
One term-$10 in town; $20 outside the city.
The Michigan Daily is a member of The Associated Press and
subscribes to Pacific News Service and the Los Angeles Times
Syndicate.
14
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MSA critiques Yale code
(Continued from Page 1)
streamline the campus community."
The assembly "hopes the
situation on our campus never be-
comes as unjust as yours, and
Alpha Xi Delta would also like
to welcome the following
pledges:
Julie Gendich
Lynn Gettleman
Megan Shannon
Reflections on Beauty
Achieving Beauty Through Education
supports you in any efforts you
may take to change your current
system," the letter said.
The University Council, the
body that has been working for
more than two years to write a code
at this University, is currently
addressing the issue of civil
liberties and political dissent.
THE ASSEMBLY also de-
layed its formal response last night
to the Emergency Procedures-the
part of the proposed code dealing
with violent crimes-because the
Student Rights Committee did not
finish the response. Members are
"working on it at the pace that the
document demands," said commitee
chair Ken Weine.
Weine said he hopes the re-
'cnn 'rull he rach by next TuesC-
Editor in Chief...........................ERIC MA1TSON
Managing Editor....................RACHEL GOTTLIEB
News Editor..........................JERRY MARKON
City Editor.............................CHRISTY RIEDEL
Features Editor .............AMY MINDELL
NEWS STAFF: FranincAlen, Elizabeth Atkins, Eve
Becker, Melissa Birks, Laura Bischoff, Rebecca
Blumenstein, Brian Bcoet, Marc Carrel, Dov Cohen,
Tim Daly, John Dunning, Rob Earle, Ellen Fiedelholtz,
Martin Frank, Lisa Green, Stephen Gregory, Jim
Hershiser, Mary Chris Jaklevic, Steve Knopper, Philip
I. Levy, Michael Lustig, Andy Mills, Kery Murakami,
Eugene Pak, Martha Sevetson, Wendy Sharp, Susanne
SkubikNaomi Wax.
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OPINION PAGE STAFF: Rosemary Chinnock, Tim
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Rush, Adam Schefter, Adam Schrager, Scott Shaffer,
Scott Sloat, Pet Steinert, Douglas Volan, Bill Zolla.
Photo Editor.......................ANDI SCHREIBER
PHOTO STAFF: Leslie Boorstein, Jae Kim, Scott
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