Page 2 - The Michigan Daily - Wednesday, February 19, 1986
IIEALTH
4
]FITNESS
'U'ponders smoking regulations
By LAURIE DeLATER
Smokers once told co-workers w
complained about their habits to "b
out." But these days non-smokers a
employers are telling cigarette p
fers what they can do with their b
ts-and they're using written polic
to sound the message.
"Smoking in the workplace
definitely one of the hottest personr
issues of the Ws," said James Thii
ithe University's personnel direct
FOR MORE than a year, a comm
tee under Thiry's direction has be
working on a policy regulati
smoking in University buildings. L
month the committee released its fi
draft, joining such scattered univ
sities as Stanford, Central Michigk
and Maryland that already ha
outlawed smoke-filled offices and cc
ference rooms.
Academia is following the lead
American industry in addressing a
of the worst health problems in 1
workplace. f Nearly 15 percent of
American companies already ha
set up programs to tackle smokii
according to a survey published
National Safety News in June 1984.
The magazine's survey shows t
majority of these firms have(
couraged employees to quit smoki
or to inform them of the health haz
ds their habit poses to co-worker
The least common strategy is t
direct mandate from managemen
"Thou shalt not smoke."
BUT that fiat is precisely what
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University has been pondering. The
proposed policy bans smoking in all
rho work areas, except where equal and
ud separate places exist for smokers and
nd non-smokers, or where the smoker is
uf- enclosed in a private office.
ut- As many as 3,130 University staff
ies members may be smokers, based on
. employment figures provided by the
ns Office of Faculty and Staff Data.
niel Prof. Dee Edington, director of the
ry, Division of Physical Education and
or. the Fitness Research Center, said a
it- random survey he conducted shows
,en that about 10 percent of the Univer-
ng sity's faculty smokes. Other research,
ast he added, indicates that smokers
rst compose 30 to 40 percent of the
er- nation's clerical, maintenance, and
an, support staffs, and 10 percent of the
ve administrative staff.
the workplace.
DONALD Thiel, the University's
assistant director of personnel for
staff benefits, saw the negative im-
pact of smoking long ago.
"I think one of the most memorable
things I saw when I first started at the
University in the '60s was a woman
(in her 50s) who came in to apply for
long-term disability," he remem-
bered.
"She could hardly breathe, she had
emphysema so bad. But she sat down
at my desk and lit up a cigarette."
THIEL later convinced his
colleagues to stop smoking in the Staff
Benefits Office and then at personnel
meetings, but it wasn't until the
University's top officers examined
the cost of health insurance and
'Smoking in the workplace is definitely one
of the hottest personnel issues of the '80s.'
-James Thiry, University personnel
director
The University's policy may be
broadened to include students and
visitors on campus before it is ap-
proved, Thiry said.
THE proposal may also get a push
from the state legislature. Sen. Jack
Faxon, (D-Southfield), introduced the
latest version of his Michigan Clean
Indoor Air Act last week. His measure
calls for a ban on smoking in
designated areas of public places.
Faxon is confident that his fourth
attempt in five years to regulate
smoking will succeed.
Part of the reason for the tur-
naround, his aides have said, is public
support for smoke-free workplaces.
The American Lung Association of
Michigan recently released a Gallup
poll, conducted late last year, that
said 79 percent of those surveyed-in-
cluding 76 percent of the
smokers-favored policies to
separate smokers and non-smokers in
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productivity losses attributedI
smokers that they accepted Thiel's
ideas as reasonable for everyone on
the University's payroll.r
Edington showed Thiry's staff
research that indicates the averaget
smoker costs his or her employer1
$300-400 every year in lost produc-
tivity.
"Smokers are absent up to twice as
much as non-smokers," he addedI
"They have more accidents and take
time to light up, go to the water foun-
tain more often, and damage fur-I
niture."1
THIRY said he doesn't know the1
exact dollar toll on the University.I
But he pointed to the University'sf
$27.7 million health insurance bill last
fiscal year and said, "if this policy hast
any impact at all, it won't be chicken1
feed."
He also believes mounting evidence
which suggests that smoke inhaled
Teens babies
WASHINGTON (AP) - Teenage
childbearing cost the nation $16.6
billion last year, and the 385,000
children who were the firstborn of
adolescents in 1985 will receive $6
billion in, welfare benefits over the
next 20 years, said a study released
yesterday.1
The first baby born to a teen-ager1
last year will receive $15,620 in
welfare payments and other gover-1
nment support by the time the child4
reaches age 20, according to the study
released by the privately finance Cen-
ter for Population Options.
By the time these babies reach age
20, the government will have spentt
$6.04 billion to support them through1
unwillingly by non-smokers can harm
them.
"Passive smoking is attached to
significant disease, including cancer
and heart disease...That's difficult to
refute," said Dr. Victor Hawthorne.
chair of the epidemiology department
at the University's School of Public
Health.
HAWTHORNE is one of a handful of
researchers in the United States who
have studied the long-term effects of
passive smoking.
Between 1972 and 1976, he and a
team of assistants documented the
respiratory ailments of about 15,000
people between the ages of 45 and 64
who were living in two communities i,
Scotland. Four thousand couples
were exposed to varying levels of
smoke.
As the grade of exposure increased,
so did the incidence of disease and
death, the researchers found. Bon-
chitis, angina, abnormal EKG, cancer,
and early death-all significantly
linked to exposure to tobacco
smoke - turned up more frequently in
the passive smokers than in non-
smokers exposed to no smoke.
HAWTHORNEsaid his findings,
updated last month, agree with the
results of at least two other studies in
the United States and with resear-
ch in Japan and Greece.
"In my mind, smoking is no dif-
ferent than an infection," he said. "If
you have some illness that you can
spread to other people, then that's a
public health problem that must be
stopped."
Legally, smokers don't have any
rights in the workplace. They are not
a protected class under Title VII of
the U.S. Civil Rights Act or Equal
Employment Opportunity Com-
mission guidelines.
YET University administrators
who support smoking in the work-
place expect that it will be challenged.
"There will be people who say,
'Hey, it's my right to smoke, and I'm
going to smoke,' " said Edington. He
hopes that non-smokers who are
bothered will use their grievance
procedures to ensure the policy is en-
forced.
He expects this resistance to go the
way of public uproar when airlines
began to relegate smokers to the back
of their planes:
"Smokers aren't complaining on
airplanes anymore, and they won't, I
imagine, at work either."
cost billions
Aid to Families with Dependent
Children, Medicaid and food stamps,
said the report entitled "Estimates of
Public Costs for Teen-age Child-
bearing."
The report said a third of the
welfare total-$2.4 billion-could have
been saved had teen-age mothers
waited until they had reached age 20
to have their first baby.
Some 1.1 million teen-age girls
become pregnant each year and 513,00
continue their pregnancies to birth,
according to health statistics. Half the
385,000 teen-agers who have their first
child each year are under age 18.
The center, founded in 1980, is
dedicated to preventing unwanted
teen-age pregnancies.
IN BRIEF
COMPILED FROM ASSOCIATED PRESS AND
UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
Israelis push into Lebanon
TYRE, Lebanon - Israeli troops and armor swarmed over south
Lebanon with air and naval support yesterday searching for two
comrades captured by Moslem guerrillas, who threatened to kill one
unless Israel withdraws.
Helicopter gunships strafed suspected guerrilla hideouts to support the
hundreds of troops on the ground. Jet fighters crisscrossed the skies,
breaking the sound barrier over Beirut, Tyre and Sidon.
Lightly armed guerrillas fought advancing Israelis in the olive groves
and tobacco fields. Lebanese radio stations claimed the resistance was
stiff, but security forces reported only scattered fighting and said the
powerful raiding force overwhelmed pockets of resistance.
A statement distributed in Beirut by the Islamic Resistance, an allian-
ce of fundamentalist Shiite Moslems that claims to hold the soldiers,
said:
"We warn the Zionist forces that they must immediately withdraw
from all the villages they have targeted in their latest invasion. Other-
wise, and within 24 hours, we will execute one of the two prisoners." It
said the 24-hour period began at 9 p.m. yesterday, and the men had been
moved to a "safe location, well beyond Israel's reach."
France sends troops to Chad
PARIS - France sent more troops into Chad yesterday as Libyan-
backed rebels called for a "final assault" against the pro-Western gover-
nment in the central African nation's 20-year-old civil war.
The French Defense Ministry said 500 "ground troops" had been sent to
Ndjamena, the Chadian capital, since the weekend from their base in the
neighboring Central African Republic.
A ministry spokesman said 200 soldiers arrived yesterday to join 300
others sent since Saturday to supervise the flow of supplies to Chadian
troops and to guard the Ndjamena airport, but he would not say if more
troops would be sent.
"I can only talk about something that has already been done, not our
plans," he said.
Reagan lobbies Congress
to extend aid to Contras
WASHINGTON - Insisting Cuban-flown helicopters cannot be fought
"with Band-Aids and mosquito nets," President Reagan began a hard
sell yesterday to send $100 million in arms, ammunition and other aid to
U.S.-backed Nicaraguan rebels.
Meeting with congressional leaders at the White House, Reagan
outlined a long-expected plan to extend a current allocation of
humanitarian assistance by $30 million and provide another $70 million
in "unrestricted" military aid for the Contras battling Nicaragua's leftist
Sandinista government.
Congressional and administration sources said a cornerstone of the
- plan - one expected to complicate the outlook for approval - is a request
the military aid be "covert" and funneled through the CIA.
Thousands evacuated in West
after killer storms strike
Thousands of people were evacuated in the West yesterday as the
heaviest rain in 31 years forced rivers out of their banks, landslides
blocked major highways and railroads, and heavy mountain snow
triggered killer avalanches.
At least seven people were killed and six were missing since the first in
a series of storms struck the West a week ago. Since then, more than 18
inches of rain has fallen on parts of California and 8 feet of snow in some
mountains.
More than 3,000 residents of northern California were in evacuation
centers with their homes flooded or threatened by slides. National Guar-
dsman were called out to help in California and northwestern Nevada,
where more people were out of their homes, and flooding also caused
damage in parts of Utah.
Nearly 50,000 people were without electricity in various northern
California counties, utilities reported. Wind gusting to 50 mph blacked out
about 2,000 customers Tuesday in parts of Oregon and earlier had caused
millions in damage in Colorado.
California Gov. George Deukmejian declared states of emergency
Tuesday in Napa, Sonoma and Humboldt counties, a preliminary step
toward making them eligible for federal disaster assistance.
Navy officer sentenced to life
NEWPORT, R.I. - A black sailor yesterday was sentenced to life in
prison for fatally stabbing a white lieutenant in the back aboard a Navy
frigate at sea.
Petty Officer 3rd Class Mitchell Garraway was spared the death
penalty by an eight-member military jury that deliberated four hours.
The same panel convicted Garraway, of Suitland, Md., on Jan. 30 of
premeditated murder in the slaying of Lt. James Sterner with a foot-long
Marine survival knife.
Garraway showed no emotion as Cmdr. Jean Kendell, president of the
jury read the sentence, which includes his dishonorable discharge and the
forfeiture of pay.
"I'm satisfied with the decision they made today, but I'm very disap-
pointed with the decision they made" on the premeditated murder con-
viction, Garraway said outside the building.
The sailor had testified he "just snapped" when he attacked the 35-
year-old officer June 16, 1985, in a dark passageway while the USS Miller
cruised off Bermuda.
The Navy has not used capital punishment since two 1849 hangings.
The last military execution was in 1961, when the Army hanged a private
for murder.
el2 t Mt{{gan'at $
Vol XCVI - No.99
The Michigan Daily (ISSN 0745-967 X) is published Monday through
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1986 MICHIGAN CLASSICS
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