Services
available
to counsel
students
By KAREN KLEIN
and KATIE WILCOX
Leaving home for the first time can
be a difficult experience, and some
students have difficulty adjusting to
high academic pressure and Univer-
sity life.
The University's Counseling Ser-
vices on the third floor of the
Michigan Union tries to help students,
adjust to their new surroundings.
THEY OFFER short-term in-
dividual and group counseling and
educational workshops, and the initial
visit is free. They also provide infor-
mation and referral to other campus
and community resources for long-
term or specialized counseling.
All counseling sessions are con-
fidential, but the staff works as a
team by meeting regularly and
collaborating on each case.
The 35 professional workers see ap-
proximately 1,300 new students every
year and between 5,000 and 6,000
returning students. Most clients are
undergraduates.
MOST PROBLEMS that the coun-
selors deal with are stress related.
Anxiety about grades, sexuality,
and socializing are the most common
concerns.
"(The University of) Michigan
requires that you grow up in a hurry.
It's common for people to feel like just
a social security number. There's no
one here to hold your hand," said Dr.
Cy Briefer, director of the University
Health Services.
HOMESICKNESS OFTEN appears
in the form of fatigue, headaches, or
depression, Briefer said.
A substance abuse program is also
available at Counseling Services. As a
See SCHOOL, Page 13
The Michigan Daily - Thursday, September 5, 1985 - Page B3
Recruiters try to
boost minority
enolilment
By MARLA GOLD
and CHRISTY RIEDEL
Low minority enrollment, which
has plagued the University for over a
decade, has recently prompted of-
ficials to step up recruiting efforts to
attract more minority students.
"What's starting to occur...is a
move to develop a strategy through
which the whole University gets in-
volved" (in increasing minority
enrollment), said Monique
Washington, assistant director of ad-
missions.
WASHINGTON SAID that the ad-
missions office has set up numerous
programs which involve faculty,
alumni, and University students to
fight low enrollment.
Students are the most important
asset, she said. "There is a real need
to get students more involved in these
efforts. Students are our best
recruiters," she added.
One program which involves
students is "Each One Reach One,''
sponsored by the admissions office, in
which minority University students
correspond with perspective minority
students who are seniors in high
school.
LAST YEAR THE University
recruited 14 students through this
program. Although the number soun-
ds like a handful, each number makes
a difference, said Dave Robinson, an
assistant admissions officer.
The interest in minority enrollment
was spawned from the Black Action
Movement strike of 1970, when
students and faculty boycotted
classes, held demonstrations, and
picketed in protest of the low black
enrollment figure. University officials
pledged to increase black enrollment
to 10 percent by 1973.
That goal has still not been met.
Black enrollment peaked in 1976 at 7.6
percent, but has fallen off to the 1984-
85 figure of 5.1 percent.
NOW, BLACK STUDENT
enrollment is only part of the concern.
The University is also striving to in-
crease the numbers for Hispanics and
Native Americans.
Last year, Hispanics accounted for
1.7 percent of the enrollment - the
highest ever for this group - and
Native American enrollment was 0.4
percent. Asian students, who are not
considered an underrepresented
minority, comprised 4 percent of total
enrollment.
Economics is one of the factors that
forces students to shy away from the
University. Robinson said that
although admissions "is knocking it-
self out" to get minority students to
attend the University, inadequate
financial aid packages often
discourage minorities from choosing
the University.
"THEY CAN GO TO schools that
are more competitive and get sub-
stantial financial aid funds," Robin-
son said.
The lack of minority faculty as role
models, and the image of the Univer-
sity as a cold, racist institution also
discourage minority students from at-
tending.
Black students complain of finding
racist comments in bathroom walls
and in study carrols at the library.
They also speak of being the target of
racial slurs and of being harrassed
because they are black.
OTHER MINORITIES say they feel
isolated and often are unable to fit into
the mainstream.
Although recruitment is important,
retention is equally important.
For black students, little over 50
percent will ever graduate. The reten-
tion rates for Hispanic and Native
See 'U', Page 11
B t pDaily Photo by DAN HABIB
Bottoms up
University graduates "booze it up" during their commencement ceremony. 7,000 students graduated with the
class of 1985.
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Alumni
reach
for the
By STEVE HERZ
Most entering freshmen think of the Wolverine football
team when asked about the University's claim to fame.
But look through the annals of old yearbooks and the fame
extends far beyond - even to the moon.
University graduates have left their mark in every
field, from the highest office in the land to the highest
point man has ever reached.
WHEN JAMES McDIVITT ('57) and Edward White
('59) went into space on the flight of Gemini 4 in 1965, they
had no idea that fellow astronaut and fellow Wolverine
Jack Lousma ('59) would start the first University outer-
space alumni club on the moon during his voyage on the
space shuttle Columbia in 1981.
And on Earth, former president Gerald Ford received
his bachelor's degree on the football field at Michigan
Stadium, where he captained the 1934 football team.
Few people realize that the Chicago Tribune tabbed a
University graduate for the Oval Office in 1948 with its un-
forgettable headline: "Dewey beats Truman." When the
polls showed otherwise, and Harry Truman captured the
presidency, Thomas Dewey's claim rested with his for-
mer job as editor of The Michigan Daily in 1923.
FORMER EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Tom Hayden ('61) went
on to a more lucrative job, but not before starting students
for a Democratic Society on campus and becoming well-
known as a Vietnam protestor and one of the notorious
Chicago Seven. He now lives in California with his wife
Jane Fonda, and is a state legislator.
One of the least known graduates saved about 90
thousand Hungarian Jews during the Holocaust. His name
is Raoul Wallenberg, and he is one of only two people ever
named an honorary U.S. citizen.
The University has sent many of its graduates into
politics. Aside from Ford, who was president and vice
president, William Day (1870) served as Secretary of
State under William McKinley. Day later was appointed
to the Supreme Court and served for 21 years.
While Day was earning a living behind the bench,
another Wolverine was making a name for himself in the
court room. 1888 graduate Clarence Darrow changed the
course of history when he convinced a court in the bible
belt town of Dayton, Tennessee, that man descended from
the ape. The case, concerning the teachings of Charles
Darwin, later became known as the Scopes Monkey Trial.
See 'U', Page 13
'U'steadily expanding
stars
Executive officers make the important 'U' decisions
By KERY MURAKAMI
Once in a while you'll see them
eating lunch in the MUG. But usually,
the University's executive officers
are found tucked away in their offices
in the - Fleming Administration
Building or the Michigan Union.
They make the decisions at this in-
stitution. The Board of Regents has
the final say, but day in and day out,
the executive officers (EOs) are "the
bosses."
SITTING AT THE HEAD of the
table at the weekly meetings of the
administrators is Harold Shapiro,
president of the University. Shapiro,
who lives in the big white house with
the kept-up lawn on South University,
is also a nationally-renowned
economist, called on at state
budgetary hearings to not only
forecast the University's economic
outlook but also forecast the state's
economy.
Shapiro's right-hand man is Billy
Frye, vice president for academic af-
fairs and provost. Among other
things, Frye is responsible for
drawing up budget models to present
to the regents when they decide on the
University's budget.
Since much of the University's
budget depends on the state's
allocation, Frye works closely with
Richard Kennedy, vice president for
state relations and secretary of the
University.
KENNEDY HEADS the Univer-
sity's band of lobbyists at the state
and federal capitals. He is the chief
liason between the University and
lawmakers in Lansing, trying to
secure as much of the state's higher
education allocations as possible each
year.
Jon Cosovich, vice president for
development and University
relations, is responsible for hitting
alumni and corporations for gifts and
grants. He is currently trying to raise
$160 million in gifts and donations as
part of the project Campaign for
Michigan. He has so far raised over
$95 million.
James Brinkerhoff, chief financial
administrator at the University, is
responsible for the University's
business transactions, such as its in-
vestments.
SETTING UP OFFICE just before
the term begins is Linda Wilson,-fresh
from the University of Illinois at
Champaign-Urbana. Wilson will
replace Dr. Alfred Sussman as the
University vice president for resear-
ch.
At the University of Michigan,
much of the prestige and salary for
faculty comes from the research they
do. Wilson is in charge of overseeing
the experimenting and data collecting
Sussman was also vice president for
graduate studies. At the time of this
writing, a search committee was still
interviewing people for the job.
HENRY JOHNSON, vice president
for student services, oversees all
student activities and services like
student counseling programs. John-
son caused an uproar last February
when he told a Metropolitan Detroit
magazine reporter that the University
downplayed rape on campus for fear
of hurting its image.
Later, in conjunction with the
woman's issues committee of MSA,
Johnson presented recommendations
to the other executive officers for
several rape prevention and coun-
seling programs. A decision to
allocate $75,000 and one researcher to
investigate and assess the problem
was approved.
since 184J
By KATIE WILCOX
Once, streetcars criss-crossed Ann
Arbor's streets, plagued on football
Saturdays by mobs of boisterous
students who escaped the conductor's
demand for fare and often managed to
derail the car.
This antic was a far cry from the
original goal of the University,
however, begun by an unlikely trio.
JUDGE AUGUSTUS WOODWARD,
Father Gabriel Richard, and the
Reverend John Monteith founded this
institution, surprising the public with
their radical idea that the state should
have the responsibility of educating
its youth.
The Territory of Michigan, as the
state was then called, chose Ann Ar-
bor as the site for the campus after
town residents donated 40 acres to the
project, rallied by the idea that an in-
stitution of higher education would
bring culture and expansion to the
2,000-resident town.
The Catholepistemiad of
Michigania was founded in 1817. For-
tunately, its name was changed to the
University of Michigan before it was
dedicated.
THE FIRST SEVEN students mar-
ched into classes in 1841, over 25 years
after the school's founding. Along
with 23 preparatory students, they
moved into the Main Building - now
Mason Hall.
Water was pumped by hand outside,
and mandatory chapel began at 5
every morning. Tuition was $7.50 per
term.
One of the students' biggest
problems was that the Diag was mud,
and every time it rained, the campus
flooded badly.
THE FIRST SET of University
buildings were luxurious mansions for
the professors. These houses came
complete with libraries, studies, and
bedroom suites.
The only one standing today is the
white president's house on South
University. It was renovated at the
request of James Angell - president
from 1871 to 1909 - to install a flush
toilet. He would not move in until this
change was completed.
Henry Tappan's term as president
was one of the most controversial. He
reigned from 1852 until 1863 when he
was dismissed by the Board of Regen-
ts.
HIS REVOLUTIONARY ideas in-
cluded the establishment of a
graduate school, and research done'
by professors. The regents also
believed his stance on religion was too
lenient.
Because of Tappan's ideas, the
1opening
The first men's dorm was finally
built in 1938, despite the vehement
protests of the landlords seeing their
thriving business go down the drain.
The University was comprised of
young white males during Tappan's
reign who crowded the trolley to Yp-
silanti to Eastern University each
weekend. Eastern trained a horde of
young women as elementary school
teachers then.
FOLLOWING TAPPAN was
president Erastus Haven. In 1868 he
accepted the first two black students
to the University. This historic
moment was tame compared to in-
terim-President Henry Frieze's ad-
mission two years later of Madelon
Stockwell, the University's first
woman. Accordingly, her fellow
students either ignored or taunted her
in class.
Stockwell, an all-women dorm, is
named after her.
James Angell was president from
1871 to 1909, and was considered the
model president by his colleagues.
Under his leadership, the University
expanded to become the largest in the
country. The Michigan Union, built
with funds raised by male students,
and 49 other buildings, were built.
ATTENDING CHAPEL became
voluntary, a move that boosted
Angell's popularity among students.
The president and his wife also held
gatherings at their home for students,
and knew many by their first names.
Mrs. Angell even made chicken soup
once for a sick student.
When the University was accused of
being an elitist institution in 1887,
Angell reminded his accusors that 45
percent of the student body came
from families supported by fathers
who did manual labor. The largest
number were farmers' children.
As more women started gaining
admission to the University, the ad-
ministration imposed a strict dress
code and a 10 p.m. curfew.
ALSO, WOMEN were not allowed
to walk in the front doors of the
Michigan Union until the 1950s. The
clause in the Union membership by-
laws barring women from becoming
lifetime members of the Union was
finally dropped in 1972.
By the. 1950s, North Campus was
added, and the University returned to
its youthful self with the world's first
panty-raid.
In 1962, Students for a Democratic
Society was formed, and in 1965 some
professors and faculty refused to hold
classes as a protest to the Vietnam
war.
Prtcnaakai.with te a Ae-
Harold Shapiro Billy Frye
Richard Kennedy
u
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