The Michigan Daily - Tuesday, March 6, 1984 - Page 5 Lebanon's factions try to resolve differences BEIRUT, Lebanon (AP) - After four months of negotiating and fighting, Lebanon's factions have removed the first obstacle to reconciling their dif- ferences. Now they must heal the divisions and hatreds that have mired Lebanon in nine years of civil war. ;With the announcement yesterday that it was cancelling its troop with- drPwal pact with Israel, the gover- ment of President Amin Gemayel has opened the way for resumption of the "stational reconciliation talks" that fopndered last year on Syria's objec- tions to the Israeli-Lebanese pact. NOW THE leaders of Lebanon's arring factions are ready to go back to S;tzerland to try and settle their own dif- ferences. For although Lebanon has been caught up in the conflict between Syria and Israel, and even that between the United States and the Soviet Union, the roots of this tiny country's civil war are ii its own special and religious inequalities. in part, the fight that began with the 1i75-76 civil war was motivated by a, desire among the nation's Moslems to remove the minority Christians from the position of political dominance they hiAe held since Lebanon's founding in 1943. iASED ON the last national census -?taken in 1932 by the French who then ruled Lebanon and were the Christians' allies - an unwritten agreement was reached to give Christians a greater share of power to match what was thought to be their percentage of the population. Since 1943, the impoverished Shiite Moslems have become the largest single religious sect, estimated at about 45 percent of Lebanon's people. THE ANCIENT enmity of the minority Druse toward the Christians has been exacerbated as the Christians have maneuvered to stay in power an- d preserve their ties to the West. Thus the outbreak of war last Sep- tember began with Shiite Moslem militiamen fighting the army of the Christian-dominated government, and Druse militiamen battling right-wing Christianimilitas. The three-week war ended with a cease-fire Sept. 26. Though it formally held for months, it was violated almost daily. It took more than a month for leaders of the various factions to agree to meet in Geneva, Switzerland. Two agreements were reached. First, that Lebanon was "Arab" in character. Second, that President Gemayel was to try to work out an alternative to the May 17 agreement for withdrawal of Israeli troops in exchange for security guarantees for Israel's northern bor- der. Seven men accused of MSU rape back in court LANSING - Seven young men accused of gang raping a Michigan State University student in the fall of 1982 will be back in court facing reduced charges of third-degree criminal sexual conduct. The trial is scheduled to start with jury selection at Ingham County Circuit Court in Mason. THE ALLEGED rape occured at a dormitory party in November 1982. The alleged victim was a 17-year-old MSU freshman at the time. Six of her alleged assailants were MSU students, one of them a counselor. The seventh attended Ferris State College. Third-degree criminal sexual con- duct carries a maximum penalty of 15 years in prison, compared to life for fir- stadegree criminal sexual conduct. EAST LANSING District Judge Daniel Tschirhart threw out first- degree criminal sexual conduct charges against the seven following a tumultuous hearing, noting the young woman had not sought help during the incident nor tried to escape when she had an opportunity. Tschirhart called her testimony "in- credible." IN ORDERING the men tried on reduced charges, Giddings criticized the emphasis placed by Tschirhart on the woman's alleged failure to resist. Giddings said "because the actions of this 17-year-old university freshman differed from the carefully considered conduct one might expect of 4 magistrate under the circumstances.. the alleged victim's version as to what occurred must therefore be 'in- credible."' The Supreme Court ruled yesterday that Nativity scenes stitutionally required separation of church and state. The de court okay From AP and UPI WASHINGTON - Communities nationwide may put Christ in Christmas by including Nativity scenes in officially spon- sored holiday displays, the Supreme Court said yesterday. The court tuled 5-4 that Pawtucket, R.I. did not violate the constitutionally required separation of church and state when it included a scene depicting the biblical version of Jesus Christ's birth among its annual Christmas decorations. TWO LOWER courts had struck down the city's 40-year tradition of displaying the scene. The Constitution does not require "complete separation of church and state," Chief Justice Warren Burger wrote for the majority. Burger said Nativity scenes - at least when included along with depictions of Santa Claus, reindeer, snowmen and AP Photo like this one in Pawtucket, R.I., do not violate the con- cision overturned a previous 1981 verdict. is Nativity scenes iGemayel abrogates pact the like - are no more unconstitutional than printing "In God We Trust" on U.S. currency, reciting "One Nation Under God" in the Pledge of Allegiance to the American flag, or displaying religious paintings in government museums. "TO FORBID the use of this one passive symbol - the creche . . . would be a stilted over-reaction contrary to our history and to our holdings," Burger added. The justices reversed a lower court ruling that banned in- clusion of a nativity scene in a city Christmas display in downtown Pawtucket. The display was challenged by a tax- payer's group and the American Civil Liberties Union. Burt Neuborne, legal director for the ACLU, called the decision "part of an obvious movement by the court towards a more sympathetic view of government involvement in religion.' (Continued from Page 1) noeessary steps toward security arrangements that would ensure sovereignty, security and stability in southern Lebanon, prevent infiltration aeross the southern border and bring about the withdrawal of Israeli forces from all Lebanese territory," the Cabinet's statement said. IN JERUSALEM, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir condemned the abrogation of the accord as a "death sentence to Lebanese indepen- dfnce and sovereignty" and vowed Israel would decide "the best ways" to guard against terrorism in southern Lebanon. fin Washington, White House spokesman Larry Speakes said, "We regret the decision by the government of Lebanon." The cancellation represented a major setback for U.S. policy in Lebanon. But Speakes said the United States "does not intend to abandon" the Lebanese and will continue diplomatic efforts in the region. Mneimne said the Cabinet considered the U.S.-mediated accord, which was never ratified, "void as if it never existed and agreed to the cancellation of everything depending on it." Syrian president Hafezl Assad called Gemayel by telephone from Damascus and congratulated him, Jackson comes to campaign in state (Continued from Page 1) rally at Saginaw High School. In Flint, Jackson planned to visit a get- out-the-vote office and receive a key to the city. It was not immediately clear Hart still a 'darkhorse' (Continued from Page 1) revised his schedule to devote most of the next three days to the region. One of the commercials opens with the comment, "Some 'people say the South isn't ready for change," and then moves to one of Hart's favorite themes that this is a time for change requiring new leadership, according to Hart spokeswoman Kathy Bushkin. IN WASHINGTON, Hart's campaign director, Oliver Henkel, was asked whether the Colorado senator now leads the pack. "I don't think we are the front-runner by any stretch of the imagination," he said. Henkel said Hart will campaign mainly in Massachusetts, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida during the next 10 days, although stops in Wyoming and Oklahoma also are scheduled. Besides the Maine scalp, Hart had another encouragement in Boston - a new Boston Globe pollshowing him leading Mondale 41 percent to 29 per- cent in the Massachusetts primary. In January, Hart had 3 percent in the same newspaper's poll. ' THE POLL was based on telephone interviews with 611 Democrats and in- dependents over four days, beginning last Wednesday, the day after the New Hampshire primary. whether the key would be presented by Mayor James Sharp. Jackson backers believe Sharp's recent election resulted from a visit by their candidate. JACKSON planned to wind up the day with a 6 p.m. rally at Pontiac Central High School and an 8 p.m. rally in Detroit. Riddle said Mondale's failures in New Hampshire and Maine will result in many people "moving into our camp." "I think we're in position to surprise a lot of people in the State of Michigan in our target cities" such as Detroit, Flin- t, Lansing and Grand Rapids, he said. "I know if we get a turnout, that SHORT OR LONG Hairstyles for Men and Women DASCOLA STYLISTS Liberty off State . 668-9329 Maple Village ...761-2733 Jesse's in a position to pull one of the largest political upsets of the season" Riddle said. Jackson backers said their candidate may return to Michigan at least once more before the March 17 cuacuses. Meese 's money ties probed co 0 (Continued from Page 1) were made, McKean was named to the U.S. Postal Service Board of Gover- nors. Metzenbaum also said Thomas Barrack, a California developer and rancher, would be asked about a deal he arranged in 1982 to help Meese sell the La Mesa home to Howard. IN 1983, President Reagan named Barrack an assistant secretary of the interior. He was later nominated to a higher position at the Commerce Department but withdrew from con- Sdrtion without explanation. b S=d Metzebaumargues the answers about his finances bear on whether Meese, who was chief of staff of Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign, can function as an independent attor- ney general. Meese was suffering heavy financial problems in 1981 and 1982 because of trouble selling his California house gim m while paying on his new $300,000 home in McLean, Va. He missed paying up to 15 months of house payments. The loan from McKean helped tide Meese over his financial problems, but Metzenbaum has questioned the propriety of the help because Meese missed paying interest on the loan for more than two years. JOSTEN' S GOLD RING qmmm SALE _- INDIVIDUAL THEATRES 5th A. w b"r' 761-9700 .. / , Gotan Eye fora FashionM 54 Y4!7 4 The Michigan Daily needs models, / writers, etc. for # the Annual: Fashion Supplement.} $1.50 TUESDAY ALL DAY DAILY 1 P.M. SHOWS MON. THRU FRI. ACADEMY AWARD NOM. INCL. BEST PICTURE (PG) DAILY, 1:00, 7:00, 9:25 "WOODY'S FUNNIEST FILM IN YEARS" CHRISTOPHER POTTER Ann Arbor News 6 WOODY ALLEN'S BltOADWAY' DANNY ROSE - (PG) n V Stop by Ulrich's and see a Josten's representative on Monday, March 5 through Friday, March 9, 11:00 a.m.- 4:00 p.m. He will be glad to show you the entire line of rings from Josten's. During this week you can get $10, to $20 off 10K gold rings and $25 off all 14K gold rings.