Page 4-B-Thursday, September 4, 1980-The Michigan Daily

I

The University through the ages

By SARA ANSPACH
and DAVID MEYER
The University, from its early
beginning as a tiny public college of the
Michigan Territory to its current status
as one of the nation's most respected
institutions of higher learning, has
meant a great deal of things to the
students, faculty and administrators
that have experienced and shaped its
163 year history.
Back in 1817, three men-a judge, a
Catholic priest, and a Protestant
clergyman in the half French town of
Detroit had many ideas about higher
education. They felt a University
should not only teach the arts and
humanities but also economics and the
natural sciences. Because the Univer-
sity was founded in this area, it was
allowed the freedom to experiment with
new types of education that established
Eastern schools did not enjoy.
THEY ALSO BELIEVED the
University should not be an "isolated
tower of learning," but the head of a
statewide system of education, and it
ought to be supported by public
taxation.
Patterned -after these ideas, the
University was established in October
of that year, but it wasn't until 1841 that
the college was ready to start offering
courses. The seven students were
required to take a classical curriculum
that included rhetoric, grammar,
Latin, Greek, algebra, geometry and
natural science.
In the first days of the University the
student body lived and attended classes
in an earlier Mason Hall. Paying $7.50
per term for room (they ate at boarding
houses in town), the students were
awakened every morning at 5 a.m. and
were required to be back in the dorm, by
9 p.m. At this time tuition was a
miniscule $2-$6 per term (these fees
applied to "in-territory and out-of-
territory" students respectively).
The first admission requirements
dictated that students pass certain
proficiency levels in the classics,
be abe to pay the $10.00 entrance fee,
and "furnish satisfactory testimonials
of good mor-al character."
Although the new university could be
termed "successful," it had already
experienced a number of problems by
1851 that would appear again in its
history. Author Howard Peckham, in
The Making of the University of
Michigan, summed up these problems:

finally responded. The Medical School,
however, insisted on separate lectures.
The University admitted two blacks
two years earlier, three years after the
Civil War. The milestone was slightly
marred by the fact that the University
did not record them as being black.
The first student newspaper, the
University Chronicle, began
publicatign in 1867. The Chronicle came
out bi-weekly until a new student
newspaper, the Michigan Daily, was
published in 1889. By the turn of the cen-
tury the Daily was the largest student
newspaper in the country.
JAMES ANGELL succeeded Haven
as University presidents in 1871.
During his presidency, the University
grew both in size and prestige. Not only
were 50 buildings constructed, but also
increasing numbers of prestigious
scholars joined the faculty. Angell ser-
ved as president for 38 years. During
his tenure, the University established.
the Michigan football team.
At the beginning of the twentieth cen-
tury, a very important change occurred
in the grading structure. Up until 1907,
a student either was "passed," "not
passed" or "conditioned." Gradually,
with the founding of a Phi Beta Kappa
honorary society, the A to E evaluation
system was established.
The years before World War I were
generally quiet, with the exception of
an incident that occurred in 1908. The
manager of the Star Theater in Ann Ar-
bor announced that he did not care for
student patronage. The next night, ar-
med with vegetables, eggs, and bricks,
about a thousand students stormed the
theater. They threw their ammunition
at the walls and tore up the seats.
Charges were dropped once the student
body paid $1000 in damages.
SCHOOL SPIRIT was high in the
early 1900's and classes were closely-
knit. Today, a class of engineers from
1949 still reunites on a regular basis.
This era also brought the simultaneous
construction of the Michigan Union and
Hill Auditorium.
During the First World War the
University was filled with young
cadets. Temporary military buildings
sprung up as many students joined the
armed services or campus reserves.
The University had always con-
sidered drinking a major problem
among students, but prohibition fever
swept the University about the same

INw wlqmmp

The University Marching Band in 1902

trousers to class instead of the suits and
ties worn before. During these troubled
years, the University benefited from
substantial, federal funding through
Roosevelt's New Deal programs.
DURING WORLD WAR II the
University offered programs to train
officers and other military personnel.
The Engineering Defense Training
Program included parts of LSA and the
Business Administration school, in ad-
dition to the College of Engineering.
After the war, enrollment continued
to rise with many new students taking
advantage of the GI Bill. These new
students were older and more mature
than their previous counterparts. Many
were married and more interested in

ministration and decided instead to
hold a "teach-in" on the war. More than
2500 students attended the affair.
When the time came for the Univer-
sity to build a new administration
building in the late sixties, the large
number of campus protests prompted
the University to structure the building
almost like a fortress with its concrete
walls and small windows.
STUDENT PROTESTS peaked in
1970, when the Black Action Movement
(BAM) held a nine-day strike,
protesting the treatment of blacks at
the University. Parts of the University
closed down completely, and one other
day more than half the student body did
not attend classes in support of BAM

'U' schools and
college's diverse'
By BETH ROSENBERG Education. The University of Pe-
If you don't already know it, the Uni- nsylvania was ranked number one.
versity boasts 17 schools and colleges, James . Filgas, admissions and
many of which are among first rank. student services director, said 80 to 85
Since the University structure is decen-'per cent of those admitted to the un-
tralized, the colleges and schools, each dergraduate school are from the
directed by a dean, maintain their own University. Students enter the progra
program policies and standards. As a after two years of study and an in-I
result, admissions criteria and course troduction to economics and math.
offerings can vary widely among the The program is very structured and
schools Enrollment varies as well, allows for few electives in an un-
.froin 291 in the School of Library Scien- dergraduate program. Accounting,
ce to 16,000 in the School of Literature, finance, industrial relations, and real
Science and the Arts. What follows is a estate are some of the areas of study.
brief description of each school and The school also offers a comprehensive
college. Further information on each master's degree program.
can be obtained at the respective unit Dentistry
offices. The dentistry program at the Univer-
Architecture and Urban Planning sity is designed to meet the changinj
While they spend long hours working concepts of dental practice, accordin
on North Campus, architecture studen- to Donald Strachan, assistant dean o
ts have a low attrition rate because of admissions.
The undergraduate business program was picked
second in the country by both business-school deans
and personnel executives of big businesses in a study at
the University of Virginia published.-in the June 30, 1980
edition of the Chronicle of Higher Education. The Uni
versity of Pennsylvania was ranked number one.

Doily Photo
THE UNIVERSITY LAW SCHOOL features the most beautiful library on graduates alike. But the Law School is not just reknowned for its archi-
campus. This ornate structure is frequented by law students and under- tecture; it's one of the top five law schools in the'country.

* 1) political medling by the state
legislature,
" 2) financial squeezing until a crisis
is reached,
" 3) intrusion from the Board of
Regents on matters that 'should be of
faculty concern,
" 4) factionalism among the faculty,
* 5) rowdy or lawless student
behavior outside of class, and
" 6) irritations between Ann Arbor
and the University.
When the Michigan Territory became
a state in 1837, the University was
enlarged and moved from Detroit to
Ann Arbor. The University was then
established on a 40 acre plot which
currently constitutes the core of central
campus.
THE CONCEPT that a professor
should engage in research in addition to
teaching originated in the mid-19th cen-
tury when Henry Tappan became
Presient of the University. Under his
administration, moreover, the Univer-
sity expanded by establishing graduate
schools in medicine and law.
T~~~~~~---------------------, na~iw.1 L.

time a state amendment was up for
adoption. A poll taken in 1916 among
students indicated almost 80 per cent
favored prohibition.
THE TWENTIES were rowdy years
for Michigan students. Fraternities
boomed, and the football season
became the year's highlight as
Michigan won the Big Ten champion-
ship in 1922 and 1923. This was also the
decade of jazz, and every weekend
students gathered at Drakes Sandwich
Shop to dance.

careers than collegiate "antics."
. The 1950's was a period of growth and
expansion for the University as North
Campus was added to the Ann Arbor
school and the Dearborn and Flint
campuses were established.
SOME BRASH MEN from West Quad
and South Quad made the headlines
during this decade when they marched
across campus and raided the women's
dormitories, emerging with their un-
derwear. This was alleged to be the fir-
st "panty raid" on any campus and was

demands. After the ninth day of the
strike, President Robben Fleming
agreed to negotiate with the strikers,
and later the University decided to sup-
ply the necessary funds for a program
aimed at attaining ten per cent
enrollment of blacks by 1973.
After the BAM protests in the early
seventies, students quieted down. The
generation ten years before them called
them apathetic and materialistic, as
the younger, more conservative group
concentrated more on entering
professional fields such as medicine,
law, and business.
Students haven't been totally silent
during the past two years, however, as
occasional issues have sparked student
enthusiasm. During the last weeks of
1979's school year, students expressed
outrage at the University's investments
in "racist" South Africa, and stormed a
Regents' meeting to express their
anger. Last year, demonstrations
against the proposed registration for
the draft, the Iranian terrorists, and in
support of the Equal Rights Amen-

high admission standards. Assistant
Dean Herbert Johe said the school looks
for students willing to make a commit-
ment to their studies.
"We try to give students a well-
rounded and basic understanding of ar-
chitecture," he said. Students go
through a core program which consists
of design, structures, environmental
technology, history, visuals, and con-
struction, with equal emphasis in all
areas.
Two years of liberal arts studies is
required for admittance to the two-year
undergraduate program.
Art
It's hard to draw any conclusions
about the art school without looking at
the whole picture. For instance, studen-
ts can concentrate on graphics, in-
dustrial 'or interior design, art
education, photography, and fine arts
such as ceramics, painting, and sculp-
ture. Film-making, jewelry, weaving
and textile design, and printmaking
courses also are offered.
Wendel Heers, associate dean of the
School of Art, said students admitted to
the school have a high level of art
ability. He said a portfolio of artwork
must be submitted to the admissions
committee - something not all art
schools do.
Accredited by the National
Association of Schools of Art, the school
has an enrollment of about 500 students.
A four-year program is offered which
requires almost half the credit hours to
be in other areas, such as LSA.
Business Administration
The School of Business Ad-
ministration, located across the street

Ranked with the University of North
Carolina-Chapel Hill as the number o'ne
dental school in the nation, the program
accepts 150 first-year students.
Because the University is state-
supported, 'preference is given to
Michigan residents, with less than 10
per cent of each class composed of n6n-
residents.
Other admittance criteria include
scores on the Dental Admission Test,
recommendation from the un-
dergraduate college, and quality of pre-
professional education.
Eighty first-year dental hygiene
students also are admitted to the
University. All dental students receive
a great deal of "hands-on" experience,
according to Strachan, including clos
faculty supervision while examinin
patients.
Education
Undergraduate students in education
may be admitted to the school after
their sophomore year, except for
those in the physical education
program who may be admitted as
freshpersons.
Programs are offered in elementary,
secondary, special, occupational, or
physical education. Master's degree
and Ph.D. programs are also offered.;
Engineering
Engineering has received an upsurge
in interest in recent years because 6f
abundant opportunities for er4-
ployment. Nearly all graduates receive
immediate job offers, according :to
students.
High ability in math, physics, arid
chemistry is necessary to students
competing in the college.

Some brash men from West Quad and South Quad made
heqdlines during the 1950 's when they marched across
campus and raided the women 's dormitories, emerging
with their underwear.

Housing for students became a
problem during the twenties. Students
lived in town rooming houses or homes
with friends since there was little

imitated throughout the country.
In 1962 the Students for a Democratic
Society (SDS) was formed. During the
next decade, this- group became a