Bluebonnet Bowl
supplement inside
Ninety-Two Years
of
Editorial Freedom
.: 'I P
Litr
. IaiIg
SHIVER
Mostly cloudy, windy, and
cold today with snow
showers. A high near 30
and a low in the low 0s ex-
pected.
.If rI n L A A-L: M 11 - - ---
Vol. XCII, No. 74
C.opyright I '1,I (ne M~ichliganl Daily
Ann Arbor, Michigan-Wednesday, December 9, 1981
Ten Cents
Eiqht Pages olus Suoolemen#
Eiaht oo. nliy SL nIrm.t -. --a--
,rN ccr c +
Many working mothers troubled, researcherfinds
I"
By KATHY KROHN
Mrs. R finds being a mother stifling. She
claims that it doesn't allow her to pursue her
goals or find a satisfying career.
Sometimes, she takes her frustration out on-
her young son. At other times, she releases her
anger by vacuuming for many hours on end. In
this way she drains herself of the strength to be
angry, but this doesn't solve her problem.
Mrs. R-a pseudonym for a subject of a
recent doctoral study-is what University
psychologist Marcia Plunkett calls a "conflic-
ted" mother. Plunkett interviewed 20 working
mothers, including Mrs. R, for her study,
"Working Mothers of Young Children."
CONFLICTED mothers are parents that
have a lot of underlying, often unconscious,
anger and turmoil in their lives that only sur-
faced when they became mothers, Plunkett
said.
This anger may be aroused by the fact that
many "conflicted" mothers feel depressed if
they are not working, she explained. Mothers
may thus feel suffocated when they stay home
to take care of their children instead of getting
jobs, Plunkett added.
"When a woman returns to work to uncon-
sciously escape the conflicts aroused in the
mother/child relationship, both the job and the
child may suffer," explained Plunkett, who is a
clinical psychologist in the University's
psychiatry department and also the mother of
a 2-year-old child.
AN ESTIMATED two out of every five
mothers of preschool children in the nation are
currently in the work force, according to
Plunkett. This has given rise to much social
science research on how maternal employment
affects child development. Plunkett attempted
to address the issue by focusing on the mother
instead of the child.
In-depth interviews with 20 working mothers
of young children showed that all the mothers
"felt guilty at times and confessed to feeling
occasionally tired and overwhelmed." But they
all said they preferred to work as they brought
up their children because of the social contact
they have with other adults, the chance to
exercise their professional skills, and the
feeling of independence and competency they
get at a job.
Many of the women in Plunkett's group were
labeled as "conflicted," claiming that
motherhood had disrupted their happiness,
their careers, and their marriages.
BUT PLUNKETT found that some women
she studied could be described as "gratified."
These women expressed relatively more en-
joyment and satisfaction about being, mothers
than did the "conflicted" mothers.
Mrs. B-a "grqtified" mother-finds that
motherhood has increased her energy and her
optimism, and claims that it has not upset her
long-term goals. Mrs. B, as opposed to many of
the other women surveyed by Plunkett, does
not feel confined in being a mother. For Mrs. B,
reading, doing artwork, and spending time
with her family take priority over her
housework. She claims that she is flexible, not
harried or exhausted.
"I do not complain about my work to my son
or suggest.that I dislike my work or the people I
work with. What I do helps to make me a more
interesting person and one more satisfied with
See STUDY, Page 5
I
MSA will ask 'U'
to include sanctions
in its hazing policy
Greece,
suspends its
pt artieip ation
By BETH ALLEN
The. Michigan Student Assembly
agreed last night to delay action on the
newly proposed University hazing
guidelines because the guidelines did
not include sanctions against violators.
The guidelines are the product of a
committee of sorority and fraternity
members organized by the Student
Organizations, Activities and
Programs office in April 1980 and were
presented to MSA in their final form
last week after being approved by the
University's executive officers.
HAZING IS defined in the guidelines
as "willful acts, with or without the
consent of the individual" that include
physical and mental harm,
degradation, forced consumption of a
substance, mandatory servitude,
-impairment of civil liberties and
academic performance, and all
violations of the law.
MSA tabled the proposed guidelines
instead of sending them back to the
University's executive officers with the
student government's endorsement and
instead agreed to form a committee to
investigate the guidelines more closely.
Many MSA members voiced concern
that the guidelines contain no specific
sanctions against persons or groups
who participate in hazing activities.
MSA VICE President Amy Hartmann.
called the proposed guidelines "a, very
passive solution to an important
problem" and suggested forming the
committee. She said she believed that
MSA's anti-hazing position is clear to
the student population and that MSA
might be able to suggest some san-
ctions to the Office of Student Services.
Curt rules
C rul
uni1versitys
religious
* bans
v v°
Immediate endorsement is an easy
way out, Hartmann said.
MSA President Jon Feiger said
'delaying action on the proposed
guidelines was "the best thing that
could happen" and that MSA is not
stalling a decision on the guidelines by
forming an ihvestigative committee.
Student Organizations Coordinator
Lisa Mandel said MSA cannot revoke
recognition of MSA-recognized
organizations - such as fraternities or
sororities - and MSA would have to
change its rules of recognition "to
specifically state that hazing would be
grounds for a group to lose
recognition."
Mandel also noted that many frater-
nities and sororities are not recognized
MSA organizations, and MSA does not
have control over the acitons of those
groups.
Other universities have been able to
adopt hazing guidelines, Mandel said,
because their fraternities and sororities
are more closely affiliated to those
schools than are such organizations at
this University.
Mandel was active in the original
committee that drafted the guidelines
along with Chris Carlsen of the Student
Organizations, Activities , and
Programs Office and the Office of
Student Services.
"It's a shame it took so long," Mandel
said, adding that the committee
"played around" until it had more
members.
The group decided to write its first
draft without additional members last
winter.
in NATO
BRUSSELS, Belgium (AP) - Greece
announced yesterday a "partial
suspension" of its participation in
NATO's military wing and the allian-
ce's top planner said the Soviet Union is
continuing .to develop its "war
machine."
Greece's new socialist Premier An-
dreas Papandreou, who had said during
his. election campaign in October he
would pull. his country out of the
military wing, announced the restricted
participation, citing Greece's conflicts
with neighboring NATO Member
Turkey.
GREEK SOURCES said earlier in the
day there was no question of Greece
withdrawing from the military struc-
ture of the 15-member alliance, but
Papandreou then called a news con-
ference that he said was to clear up
"substantial misinformation."
Papandreou, who. is also defense
minister, said he told the other
ministers at NATO's year-end annual
review, "We are forced to consider a
process of disengagement from
agreements that are prejudicial" to
Greece.
He declined to elaborate on "partial
suspension" and "disengagement," but
attacked an agreement reached by
Greece's previous conservative
government that provided for Greece
and Turkey to share control of disputed
air space over the Aegean Sea.
"WE DO NOT accept this agreement
that is militarily and politically unac-
ceptable," he said.
Papandreou said he asked the 13
other NATO defense ministers to
guarantee Greek security against a
military attack from Turkey.
"I documented the fact that Turkey,
while an ally in NATO, does indeed pose
a threat to Greece's territorial in
tegrity," he said.
A TURKISH spokesman said Turkish
Defense Minister Haluk Bayulken had
told Papandreou at the ministers'
meeting that a Turkish attack on
Greece was unthinkable.
Daily Photo by BRIAN MASCK
.One of many
With finals just around the corner, students are starting to crowd the
libraries \to catch up on all that unfinished work. Jeffery Miller is lucky
enough to get one of the carrels in the Graduate Library before they become
too few and far between.
From AP and UPI
WASHINGTON - State universities
that permit student groups to use cam-
pus facilities must allow those groups to
hold religious worship and study
sessions there, the Supreme Court ruled
yesterday.
The court ruled 8-1 that a ban im-
posed by the University of Missouri at
Kansas City on the'use of a student cen-
ter for religious purposes violated
studerts' constitutional right of free
speech.
"THE UNIVERSITY of Missouri has
discriminated against student groups
and speakers based on their desire to
use a generally open forum to engage in
religious worship and discussion,"
Justice Lewis Powell wrote for the
majority.
"These are forms of speech and
association protected by the First
Amendment," Powell said, noting the
university recognizes more than 100
student groups.
"The university has opened its
facilities for use by student groups, and
the question is whether it can now ex-
clude groups because of the content of
their speech," Powell said. "In this
context, we are unpersuaded that the
primary effect of the public forum,
open to all forms of discourse, would'be
to advance religion."
UNIVERSITY officials had said
allowing meetings by a religious
student organization called Corner-
stone would violate the Constitution's
"establishment" clause that bars
states from advancing religion.
The court, with only Justice Byron
White dissenting, affirmed an Eighth
U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals decision
that the university's ban was uncon-
stitutional.
White argued his colleagues, in
judging the state university's required
religious neutrality, ignored the
"religious content" of the students'
services.
. WHITE SAID that if the majority is
correct, the court should review its 1962
school prayer decision, its ban on the
mandatory posting of the Ten Com-
mnandments in Kentucky's public
schools, and other religion cases.
But the decision gave no clues of any
upcoming changes in the court's 19-
year-old ban on organized prayer in
public elementary and secondary
schools. The court has consistently
treated elementary and secondary
schools differently from colleges in
religion cases.
Powell said in a footnote: "Univer-
sity students are, of course, young
adults. They are less impressionable
than younger students and should be
able to appreciate that the university's
policy is one of neutrality toward
religion."
University of Missouri Cornerstone
students had lost their suit in federal
district court, which ruled the univer-
sity had a compelling interest to keep
church and state strictly separated. On
review, however, the Eighth U.S. Cir-
cuit Court of Appeals invalidated the
university's policy.
In Kansas City, Mo., Cornerstone
spokesman Jonathan Williams said his
first response was "hallelujah."
City pigeon con trol
guidelines propose d
By STACY POWELL
The Ann Arbor Pigeon Control Com-
mittee proposed last night a set of
guidelines for controlling the city's
pigeon population.
The proposal, which will be submit-
ted to the Ann Arbor City Council next
Monday, is designed to limit the
methods used by city residents to
reduce the number of pigeons in the
city.
THE COMMITTEE, which was for-
med by the City Council in late Septem-
ber after citizens protested the use of
the lethal chemical Avitrol to reduce
Ann Arbor's pigeon population, outlined
several possible solutions ' in its
proposal.
"Anybody who applies to the City to
control pigeons will first have to
present some evidence that a problem
exists," said Eileen Liska-Stevens,
committee member and an official of
the Huron Valley Humane Society.
The pigeon control problem first
arose when the business community
and the University used an exter-
minator to kill pigeons which were
roosting on city buildings.
AS A long-term solution; the ,panel
recommended "pigeon proofing" to
control the city's pigeon population.
Pigeon proofing consists of wiring and
screening known pigeon roosting sites
and then putting wooden barriers on the
ledges where they perch to prtect the
buildings.
Short-term solutions recommended
on the proposal include setting up elec-
See CITY, Page 5
Chicago president to speak
at winter commencement
JNIVERSITY OF Chicago President Hanna Hol-
born Gray and sculptor Isamu Noguchi will be
awarded honorary degrees by the University at
winter commencement Dec. 20. Gray will be
+ha main trotk. pr a t m..n A.. a i44an ram..an ..ki
Lycoming is located in Williamsport, Pa. Approximately
1,000 people, many waving banners and flags, showed up,
for Albert Stoner's presentation. The physics class is nor-
mally attended by about 20 students. Most students attempt
much less demanding projects, said Richard Erickson,
professor and chairman of the Astronomy and Physics
Department and Stoner's adviser. Erickson said the project
proved, "Something like this could be done in. principle. I'm
not sure just what he's come up with, but I know from con-
versations I've had with him, it seems like he's done quite a
bit of work." It wasn't known whether any nuclear arms
evnerts had inSnDPtd the esian TTcino a nintp
of the groups : . . has the millions of dollars to manufacture
even one or the gifted engineers to operate the intricate
machinery necessary," Stoner said. Q
Race that by again
Virginia may be for lovers, but not if they're green and
hard-shelled, concludes a $10,000 study by the city on the
sex habits of loggerhead turtles. But then again. . . "Who
cares if it do or don't," says Danville Mayor Charles
Harris. Harris is among those who think it was a little bit
silly for the taxnavers to study the nrivate nraetices nf
studying the loggerhead turtle, which does not practice
reproduction or anything else in the flat country of tobacco-
growing southern Virginia. The city, Harris said, suggested
studies of sludge disposal at its sewage treatifient plant, in-
dustrial sites' or local highways. But the EPA liked
loggerhead turtles, so the School of Marine Science at the
College of William and Mary did the study - in Tidewater,
a long way from Danville but the likeliest place to find the
big, flesh-eating turtles that are said to nest and live along
the Atlantic Ocean from Brazil to Cape Cod. Researchers
scanned the Virginia beaches from the air, but they found
no naCtinil nInp.tzr
I I
I
i