The Michigan Daily-Wednesday, April 2, 1980-Page 5
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Research:
New image,
for nursing
students
By JULIE BROWN
A white-clad angel of mercy learning to work
in a hospital may be the traditional image of a
nursing student, but today's nursing students
also conduct their own research projects..
University students enrolled in one of four
master's degree programs - including com-
munity health, medical-surgical, parent-child,
and psychiatric nursing - are required to take
research design courses and do an individual
research project.
TWO STUDENTS chose to study attitudes and
behavior concerning breast feeding. Gladys
Knoll and Carol Correia interviewed women who
had recently given birth at St. Joseph Mercy
Hospital.
"We interviewed women on the second post-
partum day who had decided to breast feed,"
Knoll said. She and Correia also interviewe4 the
subjects 12 weeks after they had given birth, to
determine what they knew about breast feeding,
their attitudes, and how successful breast
feeding was for them.
Other current research projects include an
assessment of the image of the nursing
profession among high school students, a study
of menopause, measurement of the effects of
maternal smoking on newborn infants, and an
analysis of hospital nurses' attitudes toward
providing birth control information to adolescent
patients, according to Deborah Oakley, an
assistant professor of nursing.
"NURSING RESEARCH is an important thing
because it asks questions that have never been
asked before," Oakley said. "They can focus at-
tention on issues that have been invisible
before."
Training in research is also valuable, she said,
because it enables nurses to gain competence
and access to decision-making processes.
"Research training is one of their best ways of
entering into the world of decision-making,
whether on the ward, at an administrative level,
or even at the legislative level," Oakley added.
MASTER'S DEGREE students take four
research courses during the two-year program,
including an introductory course in research
design, two courses in statistics, and a course in
implementation and ufilization of research,
Oakley said.
As part of their training, students are required
to carry out an individual research project. Most
of the project ideas come from individual studen-
ts, although some use data from related faculty
projects, Oakley said.
Ann Garvin carried out a study of home child-
birth as part of her master's degree
requirement.
"I'm a childbirth educator," Garvin said. She
explained that a friend of hers had a baby at
home a few years ago, and this gave her the
project idea.
GARVIN CONTACTED a number of childbirth
education groups, and put notices. in their
newsletters. Most of her subjects came from
Ohio - because of a home birth service located
in Cincinnati - as well as from Michigan,
Wisconsin, and other areas, she said.
"My hypotheses were supported," Garvin
said. "One of the questions I asked was 'Why did
you have your baby where you did?' The feeling I
got all along was that it wasn't a spur" of the
moment thing."
Subjects were aware of the risks of home birth,
and had made their decision after considerable
thought, Garvin said.
"It wasn't really that they were flying in the
face of medical convention," she added.
Students are encouraged to report their results
in publishable form, although few theses are ac-
tually published, Oakley said.
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Committee votes hike for projects
WASHINGTON (AP) - Republicans
and Western-state Democrats on the
Senate Budget Committee joined forces
yesterday to boost spending for water
projects as the drive to balance the 1981
federal budget was interrupted by
home-state pressures.
By a 10-5 vote, the committee added
$300 million to the $3.4 billion that the
panel's chairman, Sen. Edmund
Muskie (D-Maine) had proposed for
ater projects, considered by some
ritics a major congressional boon-
doggle.
"All the budget-cutters forget about
cutting the budget when it comes to
water projects," complained Sen.
Howard Metzenbaum (D-Ohio), who
opposed the increase.
HOWEVER, Sen. Pete Domenici (R-
N.M.), argued that spending for water
projects has declined in recent years,
particularly since President Carter
rgeted dams and water diversion
rojects several years ago as a primary
area to cut federal spending.
Sen. Gary Hart (R-Colo.), who is
facing re-election this fall, said ad-
ditional water projects were needed for
the development of synthetic fuels in
Western states, such as Colorado.
"My concern is very parochial, but it
also is national," Hart said.
ANOTHER BATTLE over increasing
government spending was expected
when the committee considers
Muskie's level for defense, which Sen.
Ernest Hollings (D-S.C.), has attacked
as too low.
Muskie has recommended $148 8
billion for defense, but Hollings said he
would try to raise that figure by $7.5
billion or more.
Meanwhile, House Republican
leaders yesterday unveiled their own
plan to balance the 1981 budget, calling
for deep cuts in domestic spending, a
hefty increase for defense and a $32
billion tax cut.
The Republican leaders declined to
give details of their proposed domestic
spending cuts although they did say the
reductions would not affect Social
Security benefits.
HOUSE MINORITY Leader John
Rhodes, (R-Ariz.), termed the GOP
package a "people's budget" compared
with what he described as the
Democrats' "big bureaucracy budget."
The GOP leaders also ridiculed Car-
ter's proposed $15 billion in spending
cuts as insignificant and said the
president was balancing his budget by
raising government tax revenues by
$100 billion in fiscal 1981, which starts
Oct. 1.
They said the higher revenues came
largely from increased Social Security
taxes, inflatign that pushes workers in-
to higher tax brackets, the new tax on
oil industry revenues resulting from
price decontrol and Carter's import fee
on gasoline.
CARTER HAS proposed $150.5 billion
for defense while the House GOP
leadership called for $152.4 billion for
the military.
Rep. Bud Shuster (R-Pa.), House
Republican Policy Committee chair-
man, said higher defense spending was
needed "in the face of continued Soviet
threats and aggression."
Shuster also complained that Car-
ter's package of $15 billion in spending
cuts amounted to "peanuts from the
peanut farmer," considering the
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leading role
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MARCH OF DITME
Republican Burton spars with
incumbent Dem. Greene in 2nd
(Continued from Page 1)
proposals to limit density.
On crime, Greene outlined his
proposals for a "citizen service of-
ficer."
ACCORDING TO Greene, the citizen
service officer would be used in the
"many police calls where you don't
need a police officer. This would free
police officers to walk beats and for
more crime intensive activities in the
community."
Burton's campaign manager, 29-
year-old LSA junior Rolf Peterson,
stressed that although Burton "is a
epublican, she's very issue orien-
ed ... Earl Greene is completely
lackadaisical about the issues. Students
are issue oriented."
BURTON HAS pushed the issues of
high crime, expensive housing, and
taxes in her campaign. Her stand on
taxes is essentially to. support Mayor
Belcher's efforts to cut taxes through
an austere city budget. She has also at-
tacked, in her campaign literature
Greene's proposal for a city income
'"+ax.
"We're really reaming him on this
income tax," Peterson said, adding
that the tax would apply to students
who work.
Burton declares that a
'reorganization of the police depar-
tment - including cutting down on
police overtime and using the money
thus saved to hire additional officers -
could lower the crime rate in the
Second Ward.
On housing, Burton has simply
stressed that free-market competition
should be used to keep housing prices
down. She is against rent control, which
Greene supports. City voters have
defeated rent control proposals twice at
the polls in recent years.
PART OF Burton's campaign
strategy is to emphasize non-
controversial issues, according to one
volunteer who asked not to be iden-
tified. The worker pointed out that no
lne could possibly support more crime
or more expensive housing.
Wine 8 Cheese Party"
to meet the candidates
for City Council
Peterson denied using the tactic. "It
think they're very central attitude
things. They're very central to the
student body," he said.
Most of about forty students contac-
ted reinforced Greene's view that
students are not concerned with Ann
Arbor politics.
The majority were not even
registered to vote in Ann Arbor, such as
Markley sophomore Adrianne Sawicki
who said she maintained her
registration in her hometown of Far-
mington. "I'm not registered in Ann
Arbor and I've never voted here," she
explained.
The Ann Arbor Film Cooperafive Presents at Aud. A $1.50
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 2
THE KING OF HEARTS
(Phillipe de Broca, 1967) 7 & 9 AUD. A
Our most popular film. A Scottish soldier during WWI is sent to a French town
evacuated except for an asylum. Meanwhile the fleeing Germans have left a
time bomb. The asylum inmates escape taking up various costumes and roles.
A very funny comedy and a powerful anti-war film. ALAN BATES, GENE-
VIEVE BUJOLD. "Delightfully subtle satire-Penetrating comedy encased in a
most beautiful film"-Judith Crist. In French with subtitles.
Tomorrow: TRUFFAUT NIGHT with SUCH A GORGEOUS LIKE ME and
THE STORY OF ADELE HAT-Aud. A.
TONIG
MT
1
1TONIGHT
CINEMA GUILD
PRESENTS
BLOOD-SUCKING DOUBLE FEATURE NIGHT
7:00 ONLY: NOSFERATU (MURNAU)
9:05 ONLY: DRACULA (TOD BROWNING)
$1.50 PER SHOW, $2.50 FOR BOTH
AT THE OLD A & D (LORCH) AUDITORIUM
I MEMEMEd