OLYMPIC GAMES See editorialpage I E NinetyI Years of Editorial F'reedomi ~itaiI BRIGHT See Today for details I .,~ Vol. A, No. 85 Ann Arbor, Michigan-Tuesday, January 15, 1980 Ten Cents Twelve Pages y-y Nader: Scholastic admission t WASHINGTON (AP)-The Educa- tional Testing Service's multiple-choice admission tests are "a consumer ud" that do a poor job in predicting lege performance and )qre biased agaisnt minorities, a Ralph Nader- sponsoredstudy charges. I"ETS' claims to measure aptitude end predict success are false and un- substantiated," Nader charged at a news conference yesterday, releasing a 550-page report entitled, "The Reign of ETS: The Corporation that Makes Up Minds," Nader compared ETS' Scholastic Ap- gude Test (SAT), Law School Ad- mission Test (LSAT), Graduate Record Examinations (GRE), and Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT), which more than 2 million Americin students take each year, to "a roulette game." "PEOPLE ARE struck out of oppor- tunities in educational career areas on- the basais of a three-hour test," he said. Standardized tests "don't measure judgment, wisdom, experience, creativity, stamina, deter- mination-the actual characteristics that make for progress in human history." Nader called the report "a consumer SAT not sole factor-'U' official By MAURA CARRY The Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) is used as a secondary measurement in admitting students to the University, an Admissions Office official said last night. Associate Admissions Director Lance Erickson said SAT scores "are not 100 per cent accurate, but not 50 per cent either." They give a general indication of how students may fare during their See SAT, Page 9 ests a fraud' prepared in school than majority and conduct researct students. The tests do not create the dif- more than 7 million1 ference; they revealit." at every level from p He acknowledged a student's past college to occupationa grades are a better predictor of future NAIRN CLAIMED grades, but he said the test scores own validity studies enhance that prediction. "ETS aptitude tests pi Turnbull called the report "an anti- 8 per cent to 15 per climax after a five-year buildup. It random prediction wit seems to be mainly a collection of well- Nairn said previo publicized material about testing, twice as accurate much of it published by ETS." predicting future gra . Today, it tests persons annually, preschool through al tests. that using ETS' s, he found that redict grades only cent better than th a pair'of dice." aus grades were as ETS tests in des, and that even ith high school oves the accuracy 3 per cent to 5 per age 2 analysis." It was written by Allan Nairn, a 24-year-old student who began investigating ETS at Nader's behest in 1974. William Turnbull, president of the Princeton, N.J., testing giant, said many of Nairn's criticisms were out- dated and some of his statistics were 'inaccurate and misleading." TURNBULL SAID "Nader and Nairn wrongly blame the tests for showing that minority students are less well- Most of Nairn's study is a revisionist history of ETS, a non-profit organization founded by higher education groups in 1947 to make tests when combined wi grades, the SAT impro of predictions by only cent. See NADER, P 'U' likely to hike dorm rates By NICK KATSARELAS Some University students will have to pay nearly $300 more to live in residence halls next year if a staggering 13.2 per cent recommended room and board rate hike is approved by the Regents next month. If, as in past years, the Regents go along with the Housing Office's Student Rate Study Committee proposal, the jump will mark the University's AP Photo biggest dormitory rate increase ever. THE HIKE-almost double the one esident recommended and approved last iversity year--would mean an average annual f neuro- increase in housing costs of $262.45 per Harold student. Contained in the committee's report I whop is a recommendation for the elimination of the University's con- troversial weekend food service con- solidation program, even though the plan was instituted last fall by the Housing Office as a cost-cutting mea'sure. Committee members said in- convenience caused by the weekend food service merger is not worth the annual $12 saved by each student. Although Housing Director Robert Hughes may offer proposals which dif- fer from those made by the rate com- mittee, Associate Housing Director Norm Snustad, who chaired the com- mittee, said, "Typically, the director of housing has been consistent with the rate study committee." . pin g 13.2% U'profs honored University Professor Emeritus Elizabeth Crosby is applauded by Pr Carter as she receives a National Medal of Science. Crosby andiUni Professor Emmett Leith were honored for their work in the fields of anatomy and holography, respectively. University President Shapiro also attended the award ceremony and dinner. tFOREIGN MINISTER CITES 'BIASED REPOR TING': Iran exp es American journalists Single Double 1978-1979 $2047.50 $1759.50 1979-1980 $2215.52 $1868.21 Recommended 1980-1981 $2508.35 $2115.64 HUGHES SAID yesterday he has yet and pleased that, unlike last year, no to decide if he agrees with the commit- service cuts were proposed. tee's proposals. "If you're going to pay a lot of money," said Hadiaris, "you might as Last year, the rate study committee well get a quality product." recommended, and the Regents ASIDE FROM the elimination of ultimately approved, a 6.9 per cent weekend food service consolidation, the housing rate increase. . rcommittee recommended installation of cable television hookups in residence The increase could mean a hike in the hall TV lounges, and energy-saving annual cost of a single room of $292.83; showerheads. This last proposal is con- $247.43 for doubles; and $217.92 for - tingent upon the Regents' approval of triples. discontinuing weekend food service The rate study committee is com- operations. prised of five students and two residen- The ba~lk of the rate increase, 11.8 per ce hall staff members. Its purpose is to cent, is necessary to keep up with rising evaluate and review costs of-services inflation%,Resumption of weekend food offered to dorm. residents 'by the service operations, which would cost Housing Office. the student $18, would add another one THE COMMITTEE also recommen- per cent to this figure. Cable television ded an increase in room and board hookups and showerheads would add .1 rates of three non-traditional halls _ per cent and .4 per cent, respectively. Fletcher, Baits, and Oxford - of 10 per Another recommendation made by cent. the Rate Study Committee concerned Peter Hadiaris, a South Quad the extent to which residents in rooms resident and committee member, said taking on an extra roommate may get he and others on the committee were rid of their leases. satisfied with their recommendations See '80-'81, Page 2 Assembly 'deplores Soviet intervention TEHRAN,' Iran (AP) - Iran's -Revolutionary Council ordered the expulsion of all American repor- ters yesterday because of what it called "biased porting," and demanded that U.S. news Wganiiations "immediately" close operations. In addition, Foreign Minister Sadegh Ghothzadeh warned that some 50 American hostages might be held "more or less forever" if the United States refused to extradite the deposed shah. He also war- ned that other governments would "blur" their relations with oil-rich Iran if they went along with the United States in imposing sanctions. MEANWHILE, ISLAMIC militants who have held e Americans hostage at the U.S. Embassy since v. 4 were quoted as saying spy trials will begin for own people from knowing the disastrous impact upon Iran of the taking and continued holding of the American citizens. THE 15-MEMBER Revolutionary Council debated and then approved the decision to expel the Americans during a three-hour meeting last night, after which Monifar read the statement. Moinfar, deputy spokesman of the council, said that for the time being, French, British, and West German reporters were being allowed to remain in Iran. "But we give them a strong warning that if they send anything but the truth about the news they will be expelled as well," he said. He said the Ministry of National Guidance would handle the explusions. There were reports here that the journalists would be given a few days to pack up and leave. But that was not confirmed by Abolghassem Sadegh, director of foreign press at the the hostages as soon as revolutionary leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini gave the word. They also said the hostages would be allowed to hear a recorded broadcast of the American Superbowl foot- ball game this Sunday. "The foreign (American) journalists have been misusing our kind cooperation and freedom we have given them," said a statement from the council read by council spokesman Ali Akbar Moinfar, who is also Iran's oil minister. "They have used this against our revolution ;and we are going to expel all American correspondents effective immediately." In Washington, White House press secretary Jody Powell said of the explusion, "It would seem to be a comment upon the desire of the authorities in Iran to prevent not only the rest of the world but indeed their See IRANIAN, Page 5 -6 Teenage pot use declining, study says By BETH ROSENBERG Although one in ten high school seniors admits to smoking marijuana nearly every day, a University study indicates that pot smoking may be cooling off for the first time in more than a decade. Research conducted at the Institute for Social Research also found, however, that cocaine use among the students is increasing at a high rate. USING REPRESENTATIVE sam- ples of 17,000 seniors enrolled in 130 public and private high schools across the country each year, researchers have found that daily or near-daily use of marijuana has almost doubled from six per cent in 1975 to11per cent in 1978. But 1979 figures, gathered for the National Institute on Drug Abuse, show the increase in usage halted abruptly. Reasons for the static status are two- fold, according to social psychologist Lloyd Johnston, who conducted the study with Jerald Bachman and See POT, Page 2 Mlost o(f those 1whIo tE'Ufifto try it hate l'# ready( 1'alone so.' -tSR stu(Iy Unisex pension plan may aid wom By ALISON HIRSCHEL Women professors might soon be titled to the same monthly pension in 'tirement as their male colleagues. ' Until now, University contributions for men and women have been equal, but women have received smaller mon- thly benefits. The reasoning was that since women tend to live longer, they receive payments for a longer period of time after retiring-eventually getting. the same benefits as male retirees. THE SHIFT to a unisex mortality tahl will reit in smalIer navments to retired men who choose certain options in their annuity contract, and larger payments to many women. According to Thomas Edwards, chairman of the national Teacher Insurance and An- nuity Association and College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA- CREF), which handles the University's faculty pension contracts, the reduc- tions for men and increases for women will vary from one to eight per cent. Although the insurance association has applied for approval of the unisex table to the New York state insurance department, Edwards said, "We don't know whether it will be passed or when. I'm always optimistic." The association decided to change its policy after years of struggling with federal regulations and charges of sex discrimination. Several court cases are still pending. "You have to ask yourself if this (unisex pension plans) is the social wave of the future," Edwards said. "Colleges clearly believe it is." ALTHOUGH EDWARDS asserts that faculty members of many of the 3,000 institutions that offer the pension plan en pro fs have complained about the sex- differentiated system, some ad- ministrators at the University believe the switch to unisex plans will be un- popular among many faculty members. Don Theil, manager of the Univer- sity's Office of Staff Benefits, admitted that the University may consider aban- doning the TIAA plan in favor of another organization's if the unisex table is approved. "As an alternative, there's the idea of maybe offering no pension'at all," he added. See PROPOSED, Page 5 By the Associated Press The U.N. General Assembly express- ed overwhelming disapproval last night of the Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan. The vote on the resolution was 104-18 with 18 abstentions. It was a stunning rebuke to the Soviet Union, which one week ago vetoed a similar resolution in the Security Coun- cil. THE GENERAL Assembly vote came after four days of debate at an emergency session called after the Soviets killed the Security Council ac- tion. Lining up against the Soviets were the vast majority of Moslem and Third World nations along with the Western allies. The assembly vote meant 12 of the 152 members either were not present or did not participate. The resolution needed a two-thirds majority of those voting for adoption. SPEAKER AFTER speaker during the final session referred to the Soviet intervention as "naked aggression." Moscow's allies repeated the Kremlin's claim that thousands of Soviet troops swept south into Afghanistan last month because that country's Marxist government was threatened by "imperialism." The resolution "strongly deplores the intervention, but does not specifically mention the Soviet Union, and urges the immediate withdrawl of all foreign troops. A SIMILAR resolution before the 15- member Security Council was vetoed by the Soviet Union Jan. 7, then was submitted to the assembly, which heard 57 speakers in three days of debate Thursday through Saturday. Meanwhile, Soviet troops captured control of one of Afghanistan's two major highways :,and. fighting throughout the Central Asian nation has slowed dramatically in the past few days, according to Western diplomatic sources in the capital of Kabul. One Western informant in Kabul said fighting had stopped "almost everywhere." Others said it was con- tinuing in the rugged Soviet border, and in Paktia, southeast of Kabul and near Pakistan, where Soviet troops repor- tedly were backed by missile-firing MiG warplanes and helicopter gun- ships. AT LEAST one Soviet motorized in- See 100,000, Page 5 I U Ayatoiiet Four Pennsylvania entrepreneurs have devised an easy method for frustrated Americans to express their anger against Iran's Ayatollah Khomeini: .... on him. The group is marketing an "Ayatoilet Target" sticker - featuring a likeness of the Iranian leader - designed to be applied to an appropriate area of a toilet or urinal. "We in Erie, Pa. now find the continuous news reports more tolerable since we have a chance to demonstrate our own opinions several times a day," Tony Lariccia, spokesman for the Creative Research Laboratories, said in a letter. Reached by telephone yesterday, Lariccia said "patriotic" feelings inspired the creation of the sticker, but admitted good old American business enterprise may also have had something to do with the promotion of the target. It retails for $1. Q A I. . l said. Does this mean we will have to start calling our sister institution "Oink U" rather than the traditional "Moo U?" On the inside... For a review of a decade of Michigan football under Bo Schembechler, see the sports page . . . A defense of Al Kaline's Hall of Fame selection is on the editorial page r- i I