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Ninety YeaC(1rs o f EdiI (riE'I IFreedIom
Vol. XC, No. 121
Ann Arbor, Michigan-Tuesday, February 26, 1980
Ten Cents
Twelve Pages
Afghan regime
breaking
down
From AP and UPI
KABUL, Afghanistan-The Soviet-
backed government here appeared to
have virtually broken down yesterday
in the face of strikes and violence
protesting the Soviet presence in
Afghanistan. Medical sources said
more than 300 civilians died in street
fighting.
Striking civil servants and office
workers ignored repeated official
AP Photo broadcasts ordering them to return to
work and Afghan government
ministries were paralyzed for the third
rday. day. A general strike of shopkeepers
aters continued into its fifth day.
Heavily-armed Soviet and Afghan
troops, backed by submachinegun-
Olympians at the White House
Members of the U.S. Olympic team are greeted by President Carter and the First Lady at the White House yeste
Pictured athletes include hockey players Mark Wells and Dave Silk, figure skater Linda Fratianne, and speed sk
Eric and Beth Heiden, and Leah'Mueller.
toting civilian members of the ruling
Khalq People's Party, maintained
patrols throughout the city.
THERE WERE indications the Soviet
military commander in Kabul was, in
effect, acting as the head of the
government.
In Washington, State Department
spokesman Hodding Carter said later
yesterday that most Afghan civil
servants had returned to their jobs but
that the shopkeepers' strike was
continuing. He said fighting was still
going on in parts of Kabul.
Radio Kabul, monitored in
Islamabad, Pakistan, attempted to
paint a picture of normalcy returning to
the Afghan capital, but admitted that
most shops failed to reopen.
Diplomatic reports in Pakistan said
hospitals in Kabul were overflowing
with injured people from the riots and
protests.
Reports indicated fighting that raged
in Kabul on Friday had slowed
considerably. One report reaching New
Delhi said gunfire rattled through the
streets of Kabul through Sunday night,
but a Frenchman in Kabul told a Paris
radio station during a telephone
interview that the center of the city was
calm.
TASS, THE official Soviet news
agency, said "life in Kabul is now
gradually coming back to normal," and
claimed an "armed sortie of agents
trained by the special services of'
Western countries led by the CIA" were
responsible for heavy street fighting
that erupted last Thursday.
President Babrak Karmal, who took
power in a Soviet-backed coup on Dec.
27, has not been seen in public in three
weeks. Unconfirmed reports said he
took refuge in the heavily guarded
Soviet Embassy during fighting thati
medical sources said resulted in the
deaths of 300 civilians and an
undetermined number of Afghan and
Soviet troops.
During the weekend the protests
became violent and reports from Kabul
said there was fighting in- the streets
with Soviet and Afghan troops firing
into ; crowds to break' up the
demonstrations.
The Afghan government has accused
the United States, Pakistan, and China
of fomenting the rebellion and claimed
to have broken up the effort to topple
Karmal's Russian-installed regime.
In protest of the Soviet invasion of
Afghanistan, President Carter imposed
a total ban yesterday on the shipment of
phosphate fertilizers and feed
supplements to the Soviet Union.
"The President's decision today,
which is being taken in the interest of
U.S. foreign policy, forcefully
demonstrates our refusal to do business
as - usual with the Soviets," said
Commerce Secretary Philip Klutznick
THEY STILL HOPE TO SEE HOSTAGES:
U.N. commission
begins inquiry
From AP and UPI
The United Nations commission of
equiry on Iran held two sessions
yesterday with Iranian jurists amid
growing hopes that the five-member
panel will be allowed to meet the 50
American hostages, contrary to recent
comments by Iranian leaders.
Despite the hard-line statements of
recent days, State Department
spokesman Hodding Carter cautioned
visiting Irvn will eventually lead to the
hostages' release.
Carter would not directly comment
on a statement by Islamic leader
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, saying
there could be no release of the
hostages until at least after the election
of the Iranian parliament in April.
But he said, "One of the points of
reference of the five-man commission
is the resolution of the crisis between
it would remind you that we have had days
when official statements have covered 360
degrees.'
State Dept. spokesman Hodding Carter
foreign threats.
Machine gun-armed Moslem
militants marched back and forth in the
courtyard of the embassy, where the
American hostages spent their 114th
day in captivity.
Bani-Sadr's appearance, part of
Iran's "Mobilization Week"
ceremonies, was his first at the
embassy since he was elected president
Jan. 25.
In an interview published'earlier
yesterday, he praised the militants who
have held the embassy and hostages
since Nov.,4 as "young patriots." He
made no mention of the release of the
hostages in either the interview or
speech.-
But he did tell the interviewer for the
Hong Kong Star newspaper that the
militants "must 'respect the lawful
authorities."
The five-member U.N. investigative
commission on Iran heard testimony in
Tehran yesterday from top Iranian
jurists about alleged humanrights
violations under the regime of the
deposed Shah Mohammad Reza
Pahlavi.
In New York, a spokesman said U.N.
Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim
feels the commission "is making
progress."
"The secretary-general is confident
all these efforts will lead to final
solution of the crisis," said spokesman
Rudolf Stajduhar. "Obviously more
patience is needed."
Candidates divided on issues in
race for 1st ward council seat
against putting too much weight on any
single statement coming from Iranian
officials.
"I WOULD -REMIND, you that we
Gave seen days when official
statements have covered 360 degrees,"
he said.
His comments indicated the Carter
adminsitration has not abandoned
hopes that the commission of inquiry
Iran and the United States. Our position
is that one of the things at the heart of
the crisis involves the release of the
,hostages."
IN TEHRAN, thousands of Iranians
paraded through rain and snow past the
occupied embassy yesterday.
President Abolhassan Bani-Sadr told
them from atop the compound wall they
must stay united in the face of potential
By ELAINE RIDEOUT
and JULIE ENGEBRECiT
The race for the First Ward City'
Council seat should be, at very least, a
colorful one. The candidates - incum-
bent Susan Greenberg, a 40-year-old
homemaker, and Republican
challenger Don Hubbard, a 20-year-old
LSA junior - couldn't be more dif-
ferent.
Greenberg, a former First Ward
chairperson and mother of two, says
she is running for the April 7 election in
what is generally considered a "safe"'
Democratic ward because "once you
try, the bug catches."
The ward is a pie-shaped section of
the city, stretching north and northwest
from the intersection of Packard and
State Streets and includes South and
West Quads. The ward consists of one-
third student, one-third .low income,
and one-third residential housing.
GREENBERG WON the council peat
two years ago by defeating Republican'
contender Wendell Allen by a two-to-
one margin. She considers herself a
representative of the liberal voices in
the community.
Hubbard, a political science major
who cites as experience his work as a
student volunteer in an Oakland County
campaign in 1976 and a precinct captain
in the First Ward last semester, says
ci'ty election '80
N.H. won't klanycam paigns
Rshowing in the polls will be a sign of himself the current underdog to the
By KEITH RICHBURG significant momentum for Brown, who other. The most recent Boston Globe
and MICHAEL ARKUSH has been building a coalition of students poll shows Bush, the former CIA
Special to the Daily and nuclear power opponents. director, and Reagan, the former
3OSTON-For the three Democrats On the Republican side as well,, California governor, running virtually
d seven Republicans competing in victories are not as important as neck and neck.
w Hampshire's presidential primary merely staying alive. Neither George AFTER HIS IOWA caucus victory,
ay, winning is not everything. Bush nor Ronald Reagan will drop out Bush has picked up some key
3ut for most coming close is of the race if they lose in New endorsements in southern states, and is
that Greenberg is, unbeatable. "I went
door to door, talked with the people and
compiled voter registration lists," he
says of his experience as captain of
precinct six. "It led to my dissatisfac-
tion with the present councilperson, and
gave me insight into what is needed in
this ward," he says.
Hubbard considers police protection
to be the number one problem in the
ward, while Greenberg sees housing as
the major issue. "The rising rape at-
tempt and shoplifting rates of State
Street and Main Street businesses are
iA
only two examples which cry out for in-
creased police attention," Hubbard
says. Greenberg contends that a large
portion of First Ward residents are
tenants, and' therefore, housing is the
big issue there.
Greenberg advocates a, plan which
she says would provide Ann Arbor with
"affordable housing." She proposes the
development of pre-fabricated houses
and mobile homes, not just in the First
Ward, but throughout the city.
Greenberg admits that the idea
probably won't go over well in City
Council.
HUBBARD REJECTS rent contol as
a possible housing solution. "As a
student I'm as much aghast at rent
hikes as anyone," he says, "but rent
See GREENBERG, Page 7
B
and
Nev
tod
tantamount to survival. .
It is unlikely that any candidate will
e knocked out of the presidential race
fter losing in New Hampshire. In fact,
11 the candidates now are practicing
the politics of lower expectations.
SENATOR EDWARD Kennedy (D-
Mass.) is not looking for a win in his
uphill challenge to unseat President
Carter. Kennedy is only hoping to come
close, and avoid a' repeat of his
devastating two-to-one loss in Iowa's
January caucuses.
Carter, meanwhile, doesn't need a
*andslide, even though the polls and
political pundits are already giving him
one. Should Kennedy come closer than
predicted-or even eek out an unlikely
victory-Carter could merely dismiss it
as home region advantage.
Even California Gov. Jerry Brown
does not need a win here to continue his
long-sought challenge for the
Democratic nomination. In fact,
anything over his current eight per cent
Hampshire, since each refers to
See N.H., Page 6
MSU
students
clash over
embassy
openings
EAST LANSING (UPI)-Arab and
Jewish students clashed at Michigan
State University yesterday over the
historic opening of embassies in Egypt
and Israel.
An estimated 50 Arab students
protested what they termed a "phony
peace" agreement between the two
countries, while a group of Jewish.
students describing themselves as
Zionists heralded the establishment of
diplomatic relations between the
countries.
A FIST FIGHT between an Arab
student and a Zionist student broke out
at one point, witnesses said.
Sami Esmail, a spokesman for the
Arab students who himself has spent
time in an Israeli jail, said "the Camp
David accord is nothing more than an
attempt to bury the Egyptian people."
"Palestinians will never negotiate
with Zionists. We will discuss peace
with the Jewish people, though," he
said.
The Arab students marched in the
bitter cold near the student union
building chanting "the people united
will never be defeated," while the
Zionist students chanted back "Stop
and talk peace with us."
Esmail said they were protesting in
conjunction with 120 similar Arab
student organizations across the
country yesterday for a "genuine
peace in Palestine."
,.. \5 yr r
Greenberg flu bhard
attling minority status ... enthusiastic
on council contender
...ba
_ _ p
Junk food junkies
McDonald's-the traditional haven of families and junk
food junkies-always has its clean, All-American
reputation in mind. Recently the hamburger chain's white
plastic coffee stirrer became popular with cocaine buffs. It
seems the stirrer's tiny scoop is just the right size to hold a
"line" of the expensive white' powder. Abashed at this
inventive use of their innocent plastic utensil McDonald's
has designed and manufactured a new stirrer with a flat
Motorcyclists beware
Easy Rider probably wouldn't care, but three research-
ers at the University's Highway Safety Research Institute
have data showing that three quarters of motorcycle-car
accidents occur during the day-often because the car
driver does not see the motorcycle soon enough. The study
also concluded that traveling by motorcycle is several
times more dangerous than automobile travel. In 1977
nearly 10 per cent of the five million motorcycles registered
.r i- FTC an_ ..c ..ar : i . 9nniet nte h,,rcit a n hni,
Olson. "The state legislature should pass a 'headlights-on'
law." Olson said about 10 to 12 states in the country have the
law, and that it has cut down on highway fatalities in
accidents involving motorcycles and cars. The lights-on
day-time treatment performs well, adds relatively little to
operating costs, is convenient for motorcycle operators to
use, and is relatively simple for police to enforce, Olson
concluded. [
On the inside
wi"'-"-
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