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Page 6-Friday, January 11, 1980-TAichigan Daily
NNIGN OF RETREAT
Soviets losillies after invasion

Soviets move more
men into Afghanistan

MOSCOW (AP) - The Soviet march
into Afghanistan has cost the Russians
much in lost trade and international
prestige. But whether they foresaw
what they-were getting into or not, the
Soviets show no sign of backing out.
Relations with Washington and the
West have sunk to near-Cold War levels
and the SALT II arms-limitation treaty
is indefinitely shelved. Needed
American grain and technology are
embargoed. And Soviet friends in the
Third World have turned against it in
unprecedented numbers.
In exchange, the Soviet Union is em-
broiled in what could be a long, costly,
and bloody struggle against determined
Moslem rebels in a forbidding country
whose name literally means "Land of
the Unruly.",
AMERICAN OFFICIALS say the
Soviets were stunned by the strength of
President Carter's reaction to the
Afghan intervention, and especially by
his clampdown on grain sales.
The Russians, on the other hand,
have publicly downplayed the impact of
the American actions.

're is no authoritative means of
gang whether the Soviets were fully
aw of the risks of the intervention
anicided it was worth the gamble, or
welaught off guard by the reaciton.
B THE SCOPE of the Soviet
opelon alone - some estimate up to
100,, Red army troops are in
Afghstan - is evidence that the
Russs marched in determined to
firmiplant a more pro-Moscow
reginin Kabul and to crush any
resiste.
The icial Soviet line has been that
Moscoient a "limited military con-
tingentlto Afghanistan at the request
of the ghan government to repel
rebels tned, backed, and armed by
the Uni States, China, Egypt, and
PakistaMoscow contends it had no
hand inigineering the coup that
deposed~e Marxist regime and
replaced 'ith another.
But Krlin leaders must have ex-
pected tha blitzkrieg of this sort
would gente a strong reaction, and
that at thery least President Leonid
Brezhnev'$t detente policies would

suffer.
WHAT DID the Russians see in
Afghanistan that justified so large a
risk? Some of the answers suggested by
analysts here are as old as Russian
history:
" A vast, wide-open land, Russia has
always been subject to invasion,
whether Eby Mongol,. hordes from the
east or European empire builders from
the west. In defense Russian gover-
nments have traditionally sought to
create a bulwark of friendly states
around their borders.
" SOME 50 million Moslems live in
the southern Soviet republics, and
many share ancient ethnic and com-
mercial ties with ' the Afghans.
Diplomats say the Soviets may fear
that a Moslem revolution in
Afghanistan coming on the heels of
Iran's could spread the flame of
Islamic nationalism across the border
and arouse the southern Soviet people.
. " Perhaps most significantly, the
Soviets saw the hand of China, its
communist archrival, behind the
Afghan rebels.

(Continued from Page 1)
in Kabul, quoting Afghan military of-
ficials and travelers just returned from
the area, said the Salang Highway was
blocked Tuesday by fighting near the
Doshi or Khenjan bridges, about 90
miles north of Kabul.
THE SOURCES also said the Soviets
poured three more divisions into
Afghanistan this week, bringing to
seven the number moved in during the
past two weeks.
Heavy military traffic also was
heading south into Afghanistan from
the Soviet cities of Torgundi, in the
Turkoman Republic, and Termez, in
the Uzbek Republic, according to
diplomatic sources. They also reported
fighting in Nangahar province, east of
Kabul, and said Russian troops had at-
tacked rebel units near Saidabad, about
50 miles southwest of the capital in
Wardak Province.
The Associated Press of Pakistan, a
Pakistani news agency, reported from
the border city of Chaman that Afghan
army troops and Soviet troops engaged
in an "armed and blood encounter"

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resulting in heavy casualties on both
sides after the Afghan brigade revolted
in Kandahar.
AFTER THE CLASH, the brigade
joined the rebels, according to the
report.
Contradicting the rebel claims of
widespread defections, Tass quoted the
defense minister of the new gover-
nment, Mohammed Rafeh, as saying
the Afghan armed forces
"unanimously back the new leader-
ship." U.S. analysts in Washington also'--\
say the rebel claims of army defections
appear exaggerated.
The new pro-Soviet regime in Kabul
yesterday continued its attack on
deposed President Rafizullah Amin,
who was executed after the Soviet-
backed coup that brough Karmal to
power Dec. 27. It also blasted the
United States for allegedly defending
the deposed ruler.
THE GOVERNMENT broadcast a
letter to Carter from the widow of the
late President Nur Mohammed Taraki,
Amin's predecessor.
"Why are you defending a person who
put innocent men, women and children
in prison?" asked Bibi Taraki. "We
don't have enmity with your country,
but it is your government which is
trying with all'its force to work against
us in Afghanistan."
The: Karmal regime equates U.S.
criticism of the Soviet intervention in
Afghanistan with support for Amin,
whomit describes as a "bloodthirsty
tiger" and an American agent respon-
sible for the imprisonment or deaths of
thousands of politicalopponents.
The General Assembly scheduled
debate on the Afghanistan question a
day after the Security Council voted 12-
2 to send the issue there for an
emergency session. The Soviet Union
and East Germany voted agaisnt the
measure, but since the resolution was
procedural the negative Soviet vote was
not a veto. Zambia, abstained in Wed-
nesday's vote. 4

Afghanistan refugees pour into
Pa istan to flee Soviet troops
(cn

t l d from Page 1)
day.
"We have n-r been slaves, much
less the slaves the atheists and the
godless Commits, and these ,re the
ones or their helmen who are ruling
us for the last t'years," said Rahim
Gul, a 40-year-ohopkeeper who fled'
here from the earn Afghanistan city
of Jalalabad.
IT IS A THEM'epeated again and
again by the reftes fleeing the lan-
dlocked Central An nation that has
had three pro-Sot Marxist gover-
nments in the past'onths.
All three Comrnist governments
have offered amne to the refugees to
return home, but h the passing of
each governmentthe number of
refugees has increa:,
Even before the viet Union sent

thousands of troops into Afghanistan.
and helped isntall Babrak Karmal as
president on Dec. 27, 1,000 Afghan
refugees had been fleeing into Pakistan
each day. In the past two weeks, the
number has swelled to 2,625, and one
man at this camp 40 miles inside
Pakistan predicted:
"WITH THE NEW repressive regime
in power, and the Rusi's (Russians)
roaming all over our country, the num-
ber will increase further."
The refugees sit ini snowbound hilly
areas in Chitral in Pakistan's north-
west, overlooking the area where
Afghanistan, the Soviet Union and
China meet; in rugged leafless tracts of
land or small valleys down the 'border
in Pakistan's North West Frontier
Province, or in the parched wind-


i

FRANK CAPRA'

1938

YOU 4kN'T TAKE IT WITH YOU
Grandpa (LIONELARRYMORE) has never paid income tax, his daughter
(SPRING BYMGTCwrites sensational novels; her husband contrives super
fireworks in the 'lement. Granddaughter JEAN ARTHUR wants to marry
banker's son JAMTEWART but can't find the words to explain her family.
With EDWARD Ak3LD & DONALD MEEK. From the famous Broadway
comedy.
St Marx Bros, in A DAY AT THE RACES
: Chaplin's THE GREAT DICTATOR


eroded lands of Baluchistan, where
Pakistan shares borders with
Afghanistan and Iran.
Prices jump
12.5% in
1979
(Continued from Page 5)
"THAT OFFERS some welcome
breathing space," Slater said, "but we
can't look to food to help hold down
wholesale prices."
Moreover, capital equipment prices
rose 0.9 per cent in December, com-
pared with 0.5 per cent in November.
For the year, wholesale prices in this
area climbed 8.7 per cent, the depar-
tment said.
The Producer Price Index in Decem-
ber stood at 227.8, meaning that goods
which sold for $100 in 1967 cost $227.80
last month.
Slater reported earlier that the
economy was surprisingly strong in the
last quarter of 1979, despite fears of a
recession. Preliminary reports indicate
that the gross national product the
value of all goods and services
produced in the country - expanded by
as much as, two per cent from October
through December, she said.
HELP US
STRIKE OUT
BIRTH DEFECTS
MARCH
OF DIMES,-


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1,

The Office of Major Events presen
Tt.Iirdl,

7

Ann Arbor 'Folk Testival
Sunday January 13 Power tenter
Two Shows, 2pm P 7:36,m
7.50per show or' 12.50 for bothshoWs

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2 P.M. SM)W-
DAVID BROMBERG
LEON REDBONE
THE RED CLAY RAMEERS
OWEN MC BRIDE
7:30 P.M. SHW-
DAVID BROMBERG
JOHN HAMMOND, JR
JIM RINGER
MARY MC CASLIN
HEDY WEST
Tickets are available at the
Michigan Union Box Office (1-F 11:30-5:30)
Schoolkids Records, Herb Davi Guitar Studio,

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