The Michigan Daily-Sunday, January 20, 1980-Page 3

SUCCUMBS AFTER EXTENDED ILLNESS
Justice Douglas dies at 81


Jn21-23
Special:loam -6pm
M-Pin Bowling:Win a free game
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At the Union:open 8:30am to 5:15pm

WASHINGTON (AP)-William 0.
uglas, who during a record 36 years
Supreme Court justice maintained
his goal taking "the government off
backs of the people," died yester-
y. He was 81.
Douglas retired from the nation's
ghest court in 1976 following a
ralyzing stroke. He had been
spitalized since Christmas Eve for
progressive" lung and kidney failure.
A SPOKESMAN for the Walter Reed
tiny Medical Center said that Douglas
d at 10:09 a.m. EST, and that his
fe and members of his family and
taff were with him. No cause of death
'as given.
The outspoken and individualistic
;uglas consistently championed the
ights of all to speak their mind. He was
raised as a legal giant and attacked as
dangerous radical.
His personal life also aroused con-
roversy. He was married four times.
e spoke out on issues-particularly
environment-rather than
etreating behind the solemnity of the

court. He could be gruff and
iconoclastic and sometimes seemed out
of place among Washington dignitaries.
There were three separate attempts to
impeach him.
PRESIDENT CARTER ordered flags
at federal institutions to fly at half-staff
in honor of Douglas, saying of the for-
mer justice: "Individual freedom in
this country had no mightier cham-
pion."
Appointed by President Franklin D.
Roosevelt in 1939, Douglas had by the
'time of his retirement served with more
than a third of the 99 other justices who
ever sat on the nation's highest court.
He became an articulate and prolific
dissenter as his views for decades often
varied with his more conservative
peers.
BUT THE Supreme Court of the
1960s, under the leadership of the late
Chief Justice Earl Warren, gave
Douglas a chance to see many of his
early dissents become the "law of
the land."
Douglas became a spiritual and in-

tellectual leader of the Warren court's
liberal and activist majority-and the
rights of the individual often won out
over the needs and concerns of gover-
nment or big business.
"The purpose of the Constitution and
the Bill of Rights, unlike more recent
models promoting a welfare state, was
to take the government off the backs of
the people," Douglas wrote.
AS MORE conservative justices were
named to the court in the early 1970s,
Douglas again found himself a dissen-
ter.
IN all, his Supreme Court career-the
longest in history-accounted for 532
published dissents. Of those, 181 were
written during his last four years on the
bench.
Endowed with the talent to write
quickly and with passion, Douglas
authored 21 books. On the bench, his
most fervent writing was saved for his
views on freedom of expression, the
right of privacy and the environment.
"A CENSOR can always find what
he's looking for," Douglas once wrote.
In another opinion,.he said, "The First
Amendment says 'Congress shall pass
no law abridging freedom of speech or
press.' I take it to mean what it says.
That's strict construction."
In appointing four conservative
members to the court during his
presidency, Richard Nixon often spoke
of the need for "strict constructionism"
in interpreting the Constitution.
Born in Minnesota in 1898, Douglas.
grew up in Yakima, Wash., where he
overcame the vestiges of childhood.
polio by hiking and climbing in his
beloved Cascade mountain range.
HE TAUGHT school in Yakima after
graduating from Whiting College in
Walla Walla. He went east in 1922 to
study law at Columbia University.
Douglas practiced law in New York
before gaining a national reputation as
a law professor at Columbia and Yale.

In 1934, he moved to the nation's capital
to serve as a lawyer for the Securities
and Exchange Commission.
Later appointed as SEC chairman, he
worked for Roosevelt adminstration
reforms on Wall Street. Politics also
were to play a part in his life after his
nomination to the bench. Douglas was
considered as Roosevelt's vice-
presidential running mate in 1944 and


Labor gives Kennedy a
needed shot in the arm

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(Continued from Page 1)
The group includes Fraser; William
inpisinger, of the International
asociation of Machinists; and the
heads of the international police and
firefighters associations.
THERE ARE. about 50,000 UAW.
iembers in Iowa, but it is uncertain
how many of them will follow Fraser's
endorsement and vote for Kennedy at
Monday night's Democratic caucus
meetings.
The executive board of at least one
VAW local in this state has already en-
rsed President Carter.
"Each local union; each member of
our international executive board,
njakes up his own mind," Fraser said
at a Des Moines press conference. "I
don't kid myself that when I make an
endorsement all the members lock step
behind me. r
"I think (Kennedy) needs a lot of help
right now," Fraser said.
,KENNEDY ONCE held the comman-
'ng lead in this state, 49 per cent to 26
r cent in a poll of Democratic voters
taken last August.
:But a myriad of events - the taking
of hostages in Iran, the Soviet invasion
of Afghanistan, and a series of gaffes by
Kennedy - resulted in ,Carter's un-
precedented comeback. The president
is now the clear favorite to sweep Mon-
day night's voting.
In response to his new role as the un-
derdog, Kennedy is practicing the art of
owered expectations. He is now
aiming that Carter must win at least
50 per cent of the votes in Monday
night's caucuses or he would consider it
a defeat for the president.
IN IOWA, the campaign here is really
attest of organizational skills, and Car-

ter has demonstrated the awesome
power of the incumbency. The Carter
campaign headquarters in Des Moines
yesterday released a list of 40 White
House staff members now working
voluntarily for the president here. And
it is not unusual for Democrats in the
state to receive personal telephone
calls from Carter at the White House,
urging them to vote on Monday.
Carter volunteers and campaign
workers have contacted every
Democrat in this state at least once -
those who voted in the 1978 local
Democratic primary, and those who at-
tended the 1976 Iowa caucuses that
gave Carter his first victory as a
presidential candidate.
The Kennedy campaign here, suf-
fering from the senator's late entry into
the race, employed in December the
National Telephone Associates Com-
pany, a firm specializing in mass phone
calling.
In these last crucial hours before
Monday night's voting, workers for
both campaigns are now in the "rein-
forcing" phase - calling back those
Democrats already committed to their
candidates and reminding them of the
time and place of the Monday night
caucuses.
Anyone who will be 18 years old in
November can vote in the Democratic
precinct caucuses, providing they sign
a statement supporting the purposes of
the Iowa Democratic Party. So regar-
dless of poll standings today, the winner
of tomorrow night's caucuses will be
the candidate who can pack the most of
his supporters into the churches, school
houses, and public libraries across the
state.

Douglas
... 36 years on bench
1948. He resisted efforts to run him as a
Democratic candidate for president in
1952.
He once turned down an offer by
President Harry Truman to serve as
secretary of the interior.
In 1966, Douglas married Cathleen
Curran Heffernan, 23, of Portland,
Ore. A cocktail waitress when they met,
Cathleen Douglas went on to study law
and become a successful Washington
attorney.

Downtown
665-3231

511420'S

114 E.
Washington

Bush organization a
theat to Reagan lead

i

(Continued from Page 1)
trunner for the party's nomination.
AND NOWHERE is it as evident as in
the cornfields and backyard political
centers of this midwestern state.
A RECENT ABC-TV Iowa poll has
placed the former CIA director in a
dead heat with Reagan, the party's
patriarch.
His sudden drive from the bottom of
the pack of Republican also-rans can be
easily attributed to his strong
organization here. Contrary to most of
the other candidates, who spent little
time campaigning here, Bush has in-
vested much of his political fortunes in
tomorrow's caucuses. Besides spending
a lot of mhoney, he has utilized a more
important part of his resources - his
time. He has campaigned a total of 27
days in Iowa - which only has 50
delegates to the national convention in
Detroit - since he first set up shop here
almost a year ago.
Bush's quick - and surprising -
emergence as a leading presidential
candidate practically duplicates Jim-
my Carter's rise to prominence, first
here and then nationally, in 1976. Back
in April, in a speech before the
Economic Clubof Detroit, Bush admit-
ted that his only chance was to establish
name recognition in Iowa and New
Hampshire, hoping a victory or some
strong second place finishes would give
his candidacy a needed boost.
WHAT MAKES the Bush machine
even more puzzling is that on the sur-
face, he sounds just like the other hard-
line Republican candidates. They all
seem to be criticizing Carter for getting

the nation into the Iran mess, and for
letting inflation escalate from 4.8 to 13.2
per cent within three years. Each
hopeful has attacked the president for
severely injuring America's credibility
abroad and regulating private enter-
prise too heavily at home.
But the Bush song is different. First,
his music gains almost immediate ac-
ceptance when his impressive resume
is read to his audiences. After a four-
year stint as a congressman from
Texas, Bush became U.S. Ambassador
to the United Nations in 1971. From
there, he became chairman of the
Republican National Committee and
chief of the U.S. Liaison office in Peking.
Finally, he was responsible for
initiating reforms in the CIA when he
served as director during the final year
of the Ford administration.
Raising his voice and shoving his fist
down, Bush says he is tired of America
being pushed around and he's going to
scream until something is done about it..
In a rally Friday night at Coe College
in Cedar Rapids, a reception which
seemed more fitting for the coach of a
high school at a pep rally, Bush said a
victory in Iowa would propel the cam-
paign into even greater triumphs in
Puerto Rico, Arkansas, and New Ham-
pshire.
Sounds like something George Who
would have said six months ago and
received a burst of laughter.
No one is laughing anymore.

TECHNICIANS-S3155 to $190/week
Seasonal Performers being auditioned for:
KINGS ISLAND, Cincinnati, OH KINGS DOMINION, Richmond, VA
CAROWINDS, Charlotte, NC Hanna-Barbera's MARINELAND, LA, CA
Preliminary Auditions:
Kings Island, Kings Island, OH
American Heritage Music Hall; Sat.-Sun., Jan. 26-27;
10 to 6 both days
Preliminary and Call-Back Auditions:
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI
Michigan Union, Kuenzel Room; Tues., Jan. 29; 1-5 PM.
Round-trip airfare paid for hired performers traveling over 250 miles To work at the parks.
KINGS PRO UcTIONS, Cincinnati, Ohio 45219

SUNDAY
FILMS,
Cinema Two-Seven Samurai, 7 p.m., Aud. A, Angell.
Michigan Theatre-The Band Wagon, 8 p.m., Michigan Theatre.
PERFORMANCES
Hillel-Israeli Dancing, 1p.m., Hillel.
School of Music-Piano Chamber Music, 2 p.m., Recital Hall; Organ
Recital, 8 p.m., Hill Aud.
Musical Society-Les Grandes Ballets Canadiens, 3, 8 p.m., Power Cen-
ter; 6 p.m., Markley Hall.
SPEAKERS
WUOM-Options in.
WUOM-Patricia Hewitt, "Civil Liberty Cases in Great Britain and the
United States," 1:30 p.m., WUOM.
MEETINGS
Hiking Club-1:30 p.m., Rackham, northwest entry.
ACLU-Executive Board Meeting, Washtenaw County ACLU, 7:30 p.m.,
First Unitarian Church.
SPORTS
Men's and Women's Gymnastics-Michigan vs. Illinois, 2 p.m., Crisler
Arena.
MISCELLANEOUS
Aktisa-Deli with presentations on Jewish travels in the Soviet Union, 6
p.m., Markley Hall.
MONDAY
FILMS
Ann Arbor Film Co-op-Zvenigora, 7 p.m., Aud. A, Angell.
Cinema Guild-The Passion of Joan of Arc, 7, 9:05 p.m., Old Arch. Aud.
Pirgim-Hearts and Minds, 7,9:30 p.m., Kuenzel Room, Union.
PERFORMANCES
School of Music-Piano department recital, 8 p.m., Recital Hall.
SPEAKERS
Center for Near Eastern and North African Studies-Charlotte Hewitt,
Outreach Program, noon, Lane Hall Commons.
fa


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