,It
F-
,michigan DAILY
Ann Arbor, Michigan , Ten Cents
Vol. LXXXVIII, No. 21-S
Thursday, June 1, 1978
Sixteen Pages
plus Supplement
I
. nn w . r
Supreme Court says
police can search
newspaper
By R. J. SMITH
With Wire Reports
Newspapers are not exempt from
police searches authorized by a
warrant, the Supreme Court ruled
yesterday.
The decision may bear greatly on a
newspaper's power to protect its infor-
mation and confidential sources from
public disclosure.
THE DECISION - which was
denounced by newspapers throughout
the nation - says police may obtain in-
formation from a newspaper office
without a subpoena. The ruling says;
spot searches can be conducted unan-
nounced with a search warrant.
If police could conduct a search only
with a subpoena, newspapers would be
permitted to contest the order to give
up information. With a warrant,
however, there is no warning before the
search.
The case stems from a police search
of the offices of the Stanford Daily in
Palo Alto, California in April 1971.
POLICE SEARCHED the offices of
the student paper with a warrant to find
pictures of a sit-in which occurred
several days earlier and which resulted
in injuries to nine police officers.
Editors of the Stanford Daily charge
when the officers entered their offices,
their findings included information not
covered by the warrant.
"In the process, they saw notes and
names of confidential sources," said
Randy Keith, the paper's associate
editor. "It's so easy to get other infor-
mation that you weren't looking for
when you go ransacking through an of-
fice."
THE STANFORD case was the first
incident of a forced police search
without a subpoena, Keith said. Since
the incident, similar seizures have oc-
curred in California, Rhode Island and
Montana.
Daily Photo by riET snuRLN
A CONSTRUCTION WORKER breaks up a huge slab of concrete from the side-
walk on Church St. Workers began tearing up the street yesterday during the
initial stages of a repavement project.
Repnairs on Church St.
underway-at last
By DAN OBERDORFER the operation.
Motorists who drive the bumpy stretch Only one block of the two-block strip
of Church St. between y ill and S. was closed to traffic yesterday. The
UniChritychou.det ind herandeS. area between Willard St. and S. Univer-
University should find the ride sity will be repaired first, in time for
remarkably smooth come September. the art fair at the end of July, city con-
Until then, however, they'll find the teatfi tteedo uy iycn
road closed to motor vehicles while t struction inspector Dick Hartman said.
costrudctoe toils to mehiCwhurch Church St. will not be the only road in
construction crew toils to make Church the campus area repaved this summer.
St. the first of several campus area Fthe ra ret r thif umer
thoroughfares to be resurfaced this Fletcher Street in front of University
summer. Health Service will be redone by Sep-
THE REPAVING project should be tember, but construction will not begin
far enough along by August 21 to allow for several weeks. Piehl said.
traffic to resume, but it will not be PIEHL ADDED that S ate St. bet-
completed until September 1, according ween N. University and Maidson St.;
to city engineer Frank Piehl, who heads See REPAIRS, Page 2
records
The 5-3 decision overturned a lower
court ruling and a decision made in the
U.S. District Court of Appeals which
defended a newspaper's ability to
refuse disclosure of information
without a court-ordered subpoena.
In a statement written for the
Supreme Court majority, Justice Byron
White said, "The critical element in a
reasonable search is not that the owner
of the property is suspected of crime,
but that there is reasonable cause to
believe that the specific 'things' to be
searched for or seized are located on
the property which entry is sought."
THE EARLIER decision by the Court
of Appeals ruled that if a newspaper
was not suspected of criminal in-
volvement, it could not be searched
See MEDIA, Page 2
U.S-Soviet
tensions
stall SA
NEW YORK (AP) - Five hours of in-
tensive negotiations with Soviet
Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko
failed to clear major obstacles to a new
strategic weapons control treaty,
Secretary of State Cyrus Vance said
last night.
The talks, overshadowed by a bitter
dispute over recent fighting in Africa
and a corresponding decline in U.S.-
Soviet relations, will be resumed at a
date to be announced. But prospects for
early completion of a treaty imposing
ceilings on long-range bombers and in-
tercontinental ballistic missiles until
1985 appeared dim.
BOTH VANCE and Gromyko
acknowledged that difficult relations
between the two countries were the
primary cause of the impasse.
"Relationships between our two
countries are in a state of tension,"
Vance told reporters ina crowded lobby
at the U.S. mission to the United
Nations. "No question about that."
Vance, asked if any one issue could be
checked off as basically settled at the
meeting, replied:
"NO. ALL I can say is that we
examined in depth the two principal
remaining issues, which are very tough
issues, and we've still got more work to
do."
Gromyko, speaking first, said there
was no point in denying that "the
See U.S.,Page 11
NATO hikes weapons spending
WASHINGTON (AP) - NATO leaders ended two days of "Let there be no misunderstanding. The United States is
summit talks yesterday by agreeing to increase military prepared to use all the forces necessary for the defense of the
spending by as much as $100 billion over the next decade to NATO area." The word "all" was underlined in tts text of the
counter Soviet military power in Europe. President's statement.
In agreeing to the proposal to raise their planned military UNDER THE program approved by NATO leaders yester-
spending by at least $40 billion to as much as $100 billion day, allied governments committed themselves to increasing
through the 1980s, the NATO Leaders accepted President Car- production of tanks, anti-tank weapons and missiles and
ter's plea for more military might in Europe. upgrading the U.S. capability to speed entire U.S. armored
- divisions across the Atlantic in event of a crisis.
CARTER, in a closing statement to the allied leaders, In addition, the program foresees improvements in NATO's
promised that the United States would view any attack on maritime capabilities, including commissioning of more war-
Europe as an attack against the United States and that ships, production of better air defense systems, and develop-
retaliation would include the use of nuclear weapons against ment of more effective tactical nuclear weapon forces in
the Soviets. Europe.
Saying the Soviets and their Warsaw Pact partners "are now A senior U.S. defense official, speaking privately, said
able to attack withiJarge armored forces more rapidly than we roughly half of the extra cost of the new NATO program will be
previouslybelieved," Carter added that "an attack on Europe funded by the United States. He said that as a beginning at
will have the full consequences of an attack on the United least eight allied countries, including Canada, have agreed to
States. See NATO, Page 10