FACULTY STRIKE POLICY: CO-OPTION See Editorial Page Sir 43an~ !Iai4h NEUTRAL High-68 Low-54 Partly cloudy, small chance of rain Vol. LXXX, No. 20-S Ann Arbor, Michigan-Wednesday, June 3, 1970 Ten Cents Four Pages GUBERNATORIAL RACE: Alabama runoff won by George Wallace Ex losion on Ap ollo 13 laid to ground crew SPACE CENTER, Houston (RP) - Apollo 13's near-disaster in space was caused by a mistake on the ground, the chairman of the board investigating the incident said yes- terday. At a news conference, Edgar Cort- wright, the chairman, attributed the spacecraft's troubles to the use of too much electric power by ground tech- nicians. Cortwright said that the tech- nicians caused ,two thermostatic switches to become welded together while trying to drain liquid oxygen out of a tank aboard the Apollo 13 service module two weeks before the April 11 launch. This started what he called "a probable sequence" that led to the accident. The oxygen tank exploded April 13 while Apollo 13 was more than half- way to the moon. The explosion forced the cancellation of a planned moon landing, caused the loss of most M of the space craft's oxygen and elec- trical supplies and seriously imperiled the astronauts' lives. Cortwright said that workmen ap- plied about 65 volts to a circuit that powers a heater inside the service module's oxygen tank. Officials said the switches were designed to handle only 30 volts. Cortwright said tests have shown that the high voltage would 'weld the switches closed. With failure of the switches, he said, tem- peratures in the tank heater would increase to about 1,000 degrees. Cortwright said tests have shown that such a high temperature would cause Teflon insulation to peel off the wires which power the fans in the tank. When the fans were turned on, he continued, the bare wires could have caused an electrical arc. Walace By The Associated Press George C. Wallace won Ala- bama's showdown Democratic primary last night to recapture the governorship and secure a political base vital to a third party presidential challenge in 1972. Wallace's victory was tantamount to being elected governor, since the Republican party does not plan to enter a candidate. The race in Alabama was one of several major primaries taking place yesterday. In California, Assemblyman Jess Unruh took an early lead over Los Angeles Mayor Sam Yorty in the race for the Democratic nomination for governor. Republican Sen. George Murphy, seeking renomination, pulled ahead of millionaire industrialist Norton Simon. Congressman John V. Tunney, seek- ing the Democratic Senate nomina- tion, led U.S. Rep. George E. Brown Jr. in a campaign that was pegged on antiwar sentiments. Brown called for the immediate withdrawal of all American troops from Southeast Asia, and said the election was a referendum on presi- dential policy. Tunney's antiwar position was more moderate, and he said he was more likely to win in November. While vying with Brown in liberal sentiments, Tunney contended the main issue was who could beat Murphy next fall. In New Jersey, Sen. Harrison A. Williams easily won the Democratic primary and former state Republican Chairman Nelson Gross won his party's nod, giving the state's voters a choice in November between two men who oppose President Nixon's Indochina policy. Gross, a longtime Nixon supporter, broke with the President by opposing the-Cambodian escalation.-Williams, a supporter of President Johnson's war policies, now favors the with- drawal of all troops from Vietnam within a year. With about 83 per cent of the vote counted in Alabama, Wallace had 484,115 votes, Brewer 436,735. -Daily-Richard Lee MEMBERS of Gay Liberation Front (GLF) and Student Government Council discuss plans to protest President Fleming's decisions iot to allow GLF to hold a conference on homosexuality at the University. Milliken signs bill punishing disru pter s Gov. William Milliken signed into law yesterday a bill which would fine or imprison persons who participate in disruption at state colleges and universities. The new law allows a judge to impose a jail sentence of up to 90 days and a fine of between $200 and $1000 on persons who: -"Intentionally constitute a clear and substantial risk of physical harm or injury to other persons;" -"Intentionally constitute a clear and substantial risk of dam- age to or the destruction of the property of the institution;" or -Participate in the "unreasonable prevention or disruption of the customary and lawful function of the institution by occupying GLF, SGC to demand space necessary (for carrying out use of force or by the threat of force." In addition, the bill would impose a sentence of up to $500 and 30 days in jail on persons who refuse to leave a campus building when ordered to by the president of the institution, "or his designee." "I think it is a fair and objective bill," Milliken said yesterday. He added that the new law will give c a m p u s authorities more "legal muscle" in dealing with disrupters. A provision which would require the expulsion of students convicted of the above actions was recently ap- proved by the state Senate and is now being'considered by the House of Representatives. The expulsion provision is included in the Senate's version of the higher education appropriation bill for 1970- 71. The provision stipulates that no part of the higher education appro- priation may be used to fund the salary or educational costs of any students or faculty members con- victed of the actions listed in the disorder bill, which Milliken yesterday signed. The new disorder law as well as the expulsion provision are thought to be the result of the state Legisla- ture's reaction to the new wave of disruption on state campuses. Presently, the Legislature is con- sidering a proposed amendment to the state constitution which would place the state universities and col- leges under the complete control of the state Legislature. The Senate is scheduled to vote on that bill today. 'U' permit gay By HESTER PULLING Members of Gay Liberation Front (GLF) and Student Government Council (SGC) last night agreed to co-sponsor a letter to President Robben Fleming demanding that he reverse his earlier decision not to allow GLF to hold a Midwest .con- ference on homosexuality. Although SGC has not met form- ally on the issue, SGC Executive Vice President Jerry De Grieck said he expected no difficulty in securing approval of the letter. "SGC would write a resolution de- manding that GLF-as a recognized student group-be allowed Univer- sity facilities for the conference," De Griek said, executive vice president of SGC. "Then both of our groups could co-sponsor a letter to President Fleming pointing out the validity of a conference." The issue that was stressed during Summer rock concerts scheduled; first set for June 14 at city park meeting last night's meeting was GLF's goal of gaining the right to organize and assemble. "Right now we're just playing into Fleming's hand by being quiet and obscure," said Jim Toy, a GLF mem- ber. "He's afraid of publicity-and that's where we should direct our ef- forts." The groups will try to arrange a meeting early next week with Flem- ing, "and if he refuses to see us, we should organize leafletting and pick- eting," De Grieck said. The group also made tentative plans to hold a guerrilla theatre out- side the Administration Bldg. to pro- test Fleming's decision. In a letter to Fleming last April, GLF asked for University facilities for a Midwest conference that would "offer workshops on homosexuality, public lectures and panel discussions by such outside specialists as jurists, doctors and religious leaders who would speak to the public at large on legal, medical and religious as- pects of homosexuality." Fleming responded to GLF's re- quest with a letter to Barbara New- ell, acting vice president for student affairs. stating that in order to qualify for the use of University facilities the proposed conference "ought, in view of the law, to be clearly educational in nature and directed primarily towards those people who have a professional in- terest in the field." GLF plans to hold a dance on June 12 at the Union which will be open to the public. the institution's functions) by Student aid decreasing In coleges An increasing number of college students applying for financial aid are being turned down by campus scholarship offices due to a shortage of funds, according to a report issued by the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Col- leges. The report, compiled by the as- sociation's Office of Institutional Re- search, attributes the shortage to a rise in the number of aid requests. The increase, the report says, is a result of "spiralling charges for tui- ition, room and board that have be- come necessary in traditionally low- cost state university and land-grant colleges in recent years." As example of the financial aid shortage, the report cites: --Michigan State University's ,in- ability to aid about 1,500 students who asked for funds; -Ohio State University's being forced to turn down 1,500 applicants for National Defense Student Loans due to cuts in federal funding; and -A financial aids program at Tennessee A & I State University which "can support only about a third of the university's needy stu- dents." The report says that families are having difficulty meeting current living expenses due to inflation, and have had little chance to save for the children's college educations. "Middle as well as lower income families are feeling the squeeze," the report states. "As a result, there are many more aid requests pouring into financial aids offices." According to the report, other fac- tors which have created "t ig h t money" for student aid include: -The failure of federal funding to keep pace with college's demands for participation in federally-spon- sored programs; -The reluctance of banks to make loans to many students under the Guaranteed Student Loan Program; and -The failure of state legislatures to match higher university opera- tional costs with corresponding ap- propriation increases and "the re- sulting necessity to raise tuition." By HARVARD VALLANCE The first in a series of free weekly rock concerts planned this summer will take place June 14 at Gallup Park. After two months of negotiations between city officials and the concert supporters, Assistant City Adminis- trator Don Borut said yesterday that a permit for the concert would be issued today by the city Department of Parks. A group calling itself the Coalition of Ann Arbor Citizens - which in- cludes the White Panthers, the SRC rock band, and sympathetic Ann Ar- bor residents - have been meeting regularly with, Borut since early May, and recently settled on all but "minor details" concerning the concerts, ac- cording to Peter Andrews, an organ- izer of the summer program. Summer concerts have been a source of considerable controversy among city residents and council members who have complained of the "undesirable nature" of last year's rock concert audiences. At Monday night's City Council meeting, Councilman Lloyd Fair- banks (R-Sth Ward) criticized the summer concert program. Fairbanks warned that the con- certs may "become an extension of the White Panthers and their phil- osophy." The regular concerts, he added, "may make Ann Arbor the acid-rock center of the state." In response to criticism of the concert program, Mayor Robert Har- ris said that any group can apply for use of the city's parks, regardless of their political persuasion. He added that "I don't understand the phi- losophy that allows the Republicans to hold concerts, but not the Demo- crats and the White Panthers." Andrews, who is also manager of SRC, said yesterday that security for the concerts would be handled pri- marily by "psychedelic r a n g e r s" which he indicated would attempt to prevent incidences which might jeo- pardize the success of the concerts, such as violations of obscenity laws. Andrews added that the rangers will work closely with the police de- partment and he expects full cooper- ation between the two groups to be be raised primarily through bucket drives at each concert. The Coalition will also attempt to raise money through weekly contributions from local businessmen. Andrews said he hopes that free food and soft drinks can be provided for the audience. "I don't want any- thing sold at the concerts," he said. The concerts will be alternated be- tween Gallup Park and the Huron Uplands, on opposite sides of the Huron River near Huron High School. "Sound from the concerts carries," Borut said, "and we don't want it to carry to the same place all summer." He added that steps are being taken by the Coalition to reinforce the stage canopy which directs noise toward the audience and away from the residential areas. Gov. Milliken Union hits pay cut for strike By ANITA WETTERSTROEM The University's maintenance and food serv- ice employes are locked in a dispute with the administration over their loss of pay for being absent from their jobs during the Black Action Movement (BAM) class strike. Eighty of the employes are demanding that the University pay them for the work missed, maintaining that they remained absent either because they were directed not to report to work, or because their place of employment was locked. The employes are members of local 1583 of the American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employes (AFSCME), which sup- ported the demands of BAM for increased min- ority enrollment, although it did not officially for work on Friday, March 27, the seventh day of the class strike. According to Charles McCracken, president of local 1583, West also told the workers that they would receive regular pay for the work missed. However, the following week, McCracken says, West told the employes that he had been "misinformed" and that they would not receive regular pay. West added that they could consider the strike day one of their vacation days, and receive holiday pay for the work missed, Mc- Cracken says. Although several West Quad employes have confirmed McCracken's account of the incident, West has been out of town and unavailable for comment. 'ThP r, -.y a, rloimnon( inthat the Univrsitv for employes to lose income" as a result of the class strike. He adds, however, that the Uni- versity believes the employes should take the pay from vacation time, citing the contract clause which covers transfer of holidays for any periods when employes are "unable to work." "It is our interpretation," Thiry says, "that this clause applies to instances where employes are directed not to work-which is where the union disagrees." Meanwhile, employes working in Couzens Hall charge that when they arrived at their jobs on March 27, the areas where they are employed were locked, forcing them to stay away from work. According to Jean W u n s c h e, a cook at Couzens Hall, the employes were told the night K W I I