Vol. LXXXI, No. 37- Ann Arbor, Michigan-Thursday, July 1, 1971 Ten Cents Eight Pages Nation s 18-ear-ol get vote States ratify constitution amendment COLUMBUS, Ohio A--The voting age in all elections was lowered to 18 years last night w h e n Ohio ratified the 26th amendment to the U.S. Constitution, fulfilling the requirement t h a t 38 states do so to make it law. The Ohio House, with 99 mem- bers, ratified the amendment 81-9, one day after the Senate passed it 30-2. North Carolina and Alabama legislatures approved the amendment earlier in the day. It took only three months- record time-for 38 states to ratify the amendment. The pro- cess normally takes about 15 months. Congress had passed a law last year lowering the voting age to 18 but the Supreme Court held it valid only for federal elections. The new amendment gives the vote to 18-year-olds in state elections as well. The amendment reads: "The right of citizens of the United States, who are 18 years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on ac- count of age." These new voters, along with others who are at least 21 but who were too young to vote in 1968, mean more than 25 million Americans under age 25 will be- come potential voters for Presi- dent for the first time in the 1972 election. Democratic and Republican leaders agree the new voters could play a decisive role in na- tional politics. "It's almost a nuts-and-bolts t h i n g," Democratic National Chairman Lawrence F. O'Brien told an interviewer. "We're go- ing to do everything we can to register young people in goodly numbers and our hope is that they'll side with us." "You've got to go after them," said his Republican counterpart, Sen. Robert J. Dole of Kansas. "We won't get them all, nor will the Democrats, but we can't afford to lose our share." Public opinion polls have in- dicated that moat college stu- dents--which comprise part of the new electorate-favor neith- er party, but among those who do the Democrats are preferred by almost 2 to 1. However, experience in the four states that already permit 18 year olds to vote has not been encouraging. Census Bu- reau figures show that 55 per cent of the voters in the four statesa - Georgia, Kentucky, Alaska and Hawaii-went to the polls in the 1970 off-year elec- tion, but only 26 per cent of those between 18 and 20 voted. The new amendment is the fourth to enlarge the electorate since the Constitution was orig- inally adopted. The 14th Amend- ment gave the vote to blacks, the 19th to women and the 23rd permits voting for residents is the District of Columbia. States which have not ratified the amendment are Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, N e v a d a. North Dakota, New Mexico, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, and Wyoming. HIGH COURT UPHOLDS NEWiSPAPERS' STAND BAN LIFTED ON SECRET WAR STUDY WASHINGTON (I - The Supreme C o u r t yesterday ruled that The New York Times and The Washington Post may resume publishing articles on the origins of the Vietnam war based on docu- ments classified top secret by the Pentagon. The court voted 6-3 that the government had not met the burden of proving national se- curity would be harmed by dis- closure of the papers. This morning The Times and The Post resumed publication of their interrupted Vietnam stu- dies. Also r e s u m i n g publication were The Boston Globe and the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Neither paper was directly involved in the case before the Supreme Court, but both were under fed- eral court orders not to publish further stories on the study. The Times, which began its series June 13, has been en- joined since June 15 from print- ing articles the government considered sensitive. The Post series, begun June 18, ran two days before it was interrupted by the U.S. Circuit Court for the District of Columbia. Hours before the Supreme Court acted, Sen. Mike Gravel (D-Alaska) concluded his re- lease of secret Pentagon papers, using an impromptu subcommit- tee hearing as a vehicle for giv- ing the material to newsmen. Gravel dropped out of sight later yesterday afternoon. Talk- ing to newsmen yesterday, Re- publican Leader Hugh Scott of Pennsylvania said Gravel may have violated a Senate rule on secrecy that could make him liable to expulsion. In the high court's decision, the key votes were cast by Jus- tices Potter Stewart and Byron R. White. Last week they sided with the government and per- mitted temporary court restraint on publication of the series. However, having- heard argu- ments and examined secret doc- uments filed by the Justice De- partment, they concluded they could not say "that disclosure of any of them will surely result in direct, immediate and irre- parable damage to our nation or its people'-the core of the gov- ernment's argument for perma- nent restraint. "To sustain the government in these cases would start the courts down a long and hazard- ous road that I ani not willing to travel at least without Con- gressional guidance and direc- tion," White wrote with Ste- wart's concurrence. Supporting the newspapers as they have from the start were See HIGH, Page 7 REPRESENTATIVES of The New York Times (above) discuss the Supreme Court decision yesterday to allow printing of secret Pentagon documents, as members of the Times composing room (below) lock a page containing the documents. SECOND DAY OF HEARINGS: Activistshi t with spy charges in uy rb By JONATHAN MILLER Special To The Daily DETROIT-One anti-war ac- tivist was threatened with the death penalty for espionage act violations and another was ac- cused of having sold microfilms of secret government documents to the People's Republic of China during the second day of the federal grand jury investi- gation into the anti-war move- ment here yesterday. Also yesterday, three other anti-war activists subpoenaed to testify before the grand jury- Ken Kelley, 20, Detroit; Cohn Neiberger, 20, Boston and Char- les Tolan, 20, Chapel Hill, N.C.- refused to answer questions put to them by the grand jury. None of them were questioned about the supposed sale of sec- rets, however. Kathy Canada told newsmen that Asst. U.S. Atty. Gen. Guy Goodwin "threatened" her with the death penalty or life imprisonment for espionage act violations after she refused to answer questions a b out her knowledge of either the alleged microfilms or her ex-husband's alleged sale of microfilms to the Chinese. Larry Canada told newsmen he refused to answer a total of 25 questions yesterday, "about 15" of which concerned his al- leged microfilm sale to the Chi- nese. Canada described the insinua- tion that he had sold the micro- films as "a preposterous figment of Guy Goodwin's imagination," while admitting he had visited the Chinese embassy at Ottawa's Savoy Hotel "for three days last April to apply for a visa to visit. China." Canada - who described the Chinese as being "kind and gra- cious"-said that although he held "nothing but contempt for the U.S. government and noth- ing but love for the People's Republic of China," he was a patriotic American nonetheless. "I categorically deny any im- plication that I jeopardized the security of the United States by giving secret documents to the Chinese," Canada said in an interview. "On the advice of President Nixon-who said he wanted to improve relations with China- I took my ping-pong paddle in my hand and headed to Ottawa to arrange a game with Chou En-Lai," said Canada. He said the only documents he took with him were photo- graphs of his Indiana commune and a set of about a dozen an- cient Taoist Chinese paintings See ACTIVIST, Page 6