Page 10-Wednesday, June 6, 1979-The Michigan Daily
NADER CALLS FOR CLOSING OF ALL REACTORS:
Operators err in Pa. mishap
LYNCHBURG, Va. (AP) - The this might cost utilities and their con- "We believe inappropriate operators' ch 28 Three Mile Island nuclear ac-
company that built the Three Mile sumers would be "a cheap price to pay actions were what led to core damage cident poses for the future role of
Island nuclear reactor said yesterday it compared to alternative risks." and the subsequent release of radioac- nuclear power.
Was primarily operator error, not NADER SAID the nation's 70 com- tivity," he said. THERE IS onlyone lesson to be lear-
equipment failure, that precipitated the mercial nuclear plants should be shut The incident began when a pump in ned from that accident, Nader testified.
worst accident in civilian U.S. nuclear down as soon as electrical transmission the water cooling system malfun- He said the use of nuclear power for
history. systems are in place to assure ctioned, and a series of equipment and generating electricity should be
But officials of Babcock & Wilcox Co., replacement power to customers - a operator errors resulted in cooling abolished, "closing down the entire in-
in their first news conference since the process he said should take two or three water draining from the reactor and dustry."
March 28 accident, said they had years at the most. uncovering the fuel rods, federal Nader also said that unless nuclear
revamped their training program and And the 92 other plants either now authorities have said. power is banned now, there eventually
planned other changes. being built or soon to be constructed MACMILLAN SAID the accident, will be a nuclear accident so
Meanwhile, consumer advocate should also be scrapped without excep- which spilled radioactivity into the devastating that Congress will wind up
Ralph Nader called yesterday for tion, Nader said. Pennsylvania countryside and caused doing it anyway.
dismantling all the nation's atomic "WE DON'T believe we have blame thousands to flee their homes, stemmed Nader, a longtime foe of nuclear
power plants "as fast as is technically in the Three Mile Island accident," from "a recognizable and manageable power, also called for the resignation of
feasible" to avert a nuclear John MacMillan, vice president of the sequence of events-that could have been all five members of the Nuclear
catastrophe that he called otherwise company's nuclear power generation controlled with existing plant in- Regulatory Commission. He said if they
inevitable. division, told reporters at the com- strumentation and controls." had been military officers, they would
Testifying before a House Interior pany's nuclear engineering headquar- The subcommittee is holding have been court-martialed long ago for
subcommittee, Nader said the billions ters. hearings on the consequences the Mar- "incompetence and indifference."
Ideals, economics produce co-op conflicts

By MARY GAITSKILL
Housing co-ops may be encountering
vacancies and a sometimes-tense at-
mosphere because the types of people
who live there are changing, say of-
ficials of the Inter-Cooperative Council
(ICC).
ICC membership coordiantor Gigi
Basch said mixing people who live in
co-ops for idealistic motives with those
who live in them for purely economic
reasons can cause trouble. The "cross-
section is good in some ways, but it also
creates conflict which really erupts
around budget time," she said.
LUTHER BUCHELE, ICC
executive secretary and senior official,
claimed that today's co-op members
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expect to have things done for them,
unlike their counterparts of 10 or 20
years ago. "They're so concerned with
their privacy, with themselves only,"
he said.
Buchele said he became involved
with co-ops because he saw them as a
way to gain economic independence in
a capitalist structure. And Stew Kohl,
of the North American Student
Cooperative (NASCO), a co-op
education group closely related to ICC,
said he believes co-ops can change
permanently concepts of ownership and
control.
According -to Kohl, today's co-op
member lacks interest in social change,
a factor symptomatic of what he calls
"society's gross individualism." He
said co-ops worked better during the
1930s and 1940s "because people had to
work together more. They couldn't af-
ford all the privacy and instant
gratification ... people no longer have
much-sense of working asa team."
ICC WAS founded in 1932, according
to Buchele, and is representative of
cooperative organizations throughout
the country. He said the Ann Arbor
group was formed by students from
strong farm backgrounds who survived
the Depression by sharing food and
housing. Farm communities banded

together at that time, creating co-ops to
effect change in buying and selling of
products.
Misguided idealism on the part of
older co-op members may lead to
problems, Kohl continued. "If the
majority of ICC members want singles,
in theory they should have them," he
said.
"In theory, ICC can change quickly
through direct control of the board of
directors. It doesn't work that way
because of people who have certain
fixed ideas about what a co-op should
be," said Kohl. "These people will fight
a change on the doubles-or-singles
question, for example, despite what the
majority wants, which is actually
against the democratic principle of co-
ops."
MARK CREEKMORE of the Ann Ar-
bor Co-op Society, suggested co-ops
should change along with the attitudes
of their members. "We expect people to
change," he said. "Sometimes new
members do need a little education in
co-op life. But we should be flexible to
their needs, too. It's a two-way street."
But, Bosch said, "People should learn
to deal with the lack of privacy. The
reality is, right now, most people in the
world can't afford the luxury of
privacy ..."
Most members of Michigan
Cooperative House, 315 N. State St.,
made positive comments about co-op
life. But house member Mark Seligman
recalled an unpleasant situation that
occurred when he lived in Vail House at
602 Lawrence. He said Vail had been
divided into cliques which often
squared off against each other and
"functioned more like herds than in-
dividuals." Another co-op member said
Vail had an unofficial "Charade
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Night," during which members would
imitate the gestures and habits of
others who were absent.
DESPITE THESE types of incidents,
Creekmore said co-op life can help
people adapt to living and working with
people they don't like. "Even if people
don't get along personality-wise, and
there's a lot of people that don't, so
what?. That doesn't mean they don't
have a right to services," he said.
"Face it, you always have to deal with
people you aren't crazy about."
"It confronts them all right," said
Buchele. "A lot of them have never
learned to live with their brother or
sister, let alone in a democratic
situation. They can't help but get some
skill in arriving at group decisions,
which mast of them need badly. They
have to learn to get in there and talk for
what they want."
ICC officials and co-op residents said
Iiving in a co-op will help teach almost
anyone to deal with a group. They also
said co-op life helsp people to gain ex-
perience with skills such as accounting,
meal-planning, maintenance, and book-
keeping.
ACCORDING TO Creekmore, ICC
has helped Ann Arbor change in a con-
crete way. "Student housing in this
town is exploitive, sub-standard, and
over-priced, as a rule; this can be
documented.
"When students come here, they have
little resources and no knowledge of the
community," said Creekmore. "ICC is
a big help bringing them into the com-
munity and providing reasonable,
decent, safe places to live. It teaches
eople about group living and removes
house from an exploitive market."
Both Buchele and Kohl said Ann Ar-
bor co-ops are still too small to claim a
real effect on the city's housing market.
But they said they believe ICC has had
a subtle effect.
"ICC has been in operation for 30
years and served thousands of people,"
Kohl said. "If these people live in a co-
op for only a year, they'll come out of it
more aware of group living and better
able to work in the community. People
often go out and make contributions to
the community based on their co-op ex-
perience."

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