Eighty-Six Years of Editorial Freedom
Edited and managed by students at the University of Michigan

To The Daily:

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Letters

China

Saturday, November 15, 1975

News Phone: 764-0552

420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, Mi. 48104

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MUCH HAS BEEN written
and said about U.S.-China rela-
tions in the past few years since
Richard Nixon's famous trip to
the People's Republic of China
and the signing of the Shanghai
Communique. Many commenta-
tors have predicted a new era
in U. S.-China relations, but un-
fortunately many, even in the
enlightened University com-..
munity, have missed the main
point in the development of
friendly relations between China
and the U.S.
For centuries China was in-
vaded, subdivided and general-
ly ripped-off by the big powers.
Now that the Chinese people
have managed to throw out
these big powers and stand up
on their own, they are demand-
ing real equality among na-
tions, big and small, rich and
poor. If the U. S. government
wants normalization of relations
with China, it will have to be-
gin treating China as an equal.
The U. S. government has
refused to do this, up to the
present day. Instead of treating
China as an equal and respect-
ing her territory, the U. S. gov-
ernment, in violation of the
Shanghai Communique, has con-
tinued to occupy Taiwan Pro-
vince and invade Chinese ter-
ritorial waters with the Seventh
Fleet. In addition to this, the
U. S. State Department and the
C.I.A. continue to support the
Dalai of Tibet and his group,
who want to separate the Tibet
Autonomous Region from the
rest of China and reinstate feii-
dal and slave society in Tibet.
This is, as the Chinese say,
"like the plottings of mayflies
to topple a giant tree." But the
point is that the U. S. continues
to aid this group in flagrant vio-
lation of the Shanghai Communi-
que.
RECENTLY,' TWO EVENTS
have dramatized the contradic-

tion between the nice words of
the U. S. government and the
reality of its anti-China poli-
cies. Early this year the U. S.
government arbitrarily can-
celled a tour of the Chinese
Performing Arts Troupe which
was to have visited several
American cities. The U. S. State
Department, through the Na-
tional Committee on U.S.-China
Relations, refused to allow the
troupe to visit here because of
the alleged "political content"
of one song included in the pro-
gram. The song was entitled,
"People of Taiwan, Our Own
Brothers." Since the U. S. gov-
ernment had no intention of im-
plementing its own words in the
Shanghai Communique, it chose
to censor China's song. Of
course, this was unacceptable
to the Chinese.
The second event took place
in mid and late October, and
involved the State Department's
promotion of a "Tibetan Song
and Dance Ensemble." The en-
semble was sent here by Dalai
forces in northern India. and
was strongly protested by the
Chinese government as a fur-
ther violation of the Shanghai
Communique. The Tibet Auto-
nomous Region is a part . of
China, and hopefully, as rela-
tions between the U.S. and
China develop, it will be possi-
ble to have a representative
group of Tibetan artists tour this
countrv. This kind of genuine
cultural exchange would help
to promote understanding and
friendshin between people here
and in China.
HOWEVER, THE PROMO-
TION of C.I.A.-backed, anti-
China Tibetan exiles by the U.
S. will only help to create walls
and misconceptions. We Amer-
icans have no interest in seeing
"cultural events" that are used
to promote division and mis-
understanding.
When the above mentioned,
song and dance ensemble per-

to The
formed in Ann Arbor last Sun-
day, they came first of all to
denounce China's so-called in-
vasion of her own territory and
promote the "Delai Lama's"
group. All friends of China
must demand an end to this
kind of activity and the develop-
ment of real and lasting cultur-
al exchanges with the people
of China, including all the 55
nationalities within the Peo-
ple's Republic. As the U.S.-
China Peoples Friendship As-
sociation said in a leaflet hand-
ed out at Sunday's event, "We
call for the full implementation
of the Shanghai Communique in
letter and spirit and the cessa-
tion of all anti-China activities
by the U. S. government."
As one couple, who walked
out in disgust when they heard
the anti-China statements being
made by the leader of the en-
semble, asked, "Why did they
send these people here? Who
wants to hear them?" These
are good questions. We should
let our State Department know
the answers.
Mt~ark Zucker,
USCPFA
November 3

Daily
tercollegiate Track and Field
team) or the need to adver-
tise the existing and newly cre-
ated programs and facilities
(both Intercollegiate and Intra-
mural) in order to inform wom-
en and get us to really utilize
them.
Beverly Harris
November 12
Qu uin lan
To The Daily:
IN YOUR EDITORIAL about
the judge's decision in Karen
Quinlan's case (Thursday, Nov.
13) you seem to think that the
legal issues of the case could
be resolved by an appeal to
the Supreme Court, resulting in
a "definition of life" by the
Court. However, you also con-

eI
tend that the Judge apparently
ruled as the law dictated. It
would seem, then, that, since
the law has been applied cor-
rectly as customarily interpre-
ted, you want the Supreme
Court to change the law - to
reinterpret it or strike it down.
I think that legal issues which
persist after a correct applica-
tion of the law should be re-
solved by the legislative branch
of government, not the judicial
branch, because, in the event
of such an impasse, what is re-
quired is a new law, and mak-
ing laws is a function of the leg-
islature. We rely too much on
presumptuous judicial rulings to
resolve legal issues which prop-
erly should be addressed by the
legislature.
Mark Habel
Nov. 13, 1975

HOW Dp Y'1OU IKNOW?

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sports
To The Daily:
FORTUNATELY, between the
time I wrote my article "Wom-
en's sports: Kicking stigmas"
and the time it appeared in the
Daily on November 12, a Wom-
en's Intercollegiate Gymnastics
team was authorized and is ap-
parently operational. Mostof
this delay was not the fault of
the Michigan Daily. However,
the result is that the article is
not completely factual. Addition-
ally, women's locker facilities
anpear to be currently in the
planning stages at the Track
and Tennis building as well as
elsewhere.
None of this, though, changes
the major points of the article.
The attitudes of many athletics
(there still is no Women's In-

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THE MILWAUKEE JOURNAL
Field Newsippr andkaW.l' 11

A wake for Finnegan' s Fir


FINNEGAN'S TREE, THE nation's
largest known Douglas fir, has
been felled by vicious ocean winds,
giving us cause to sound a sad note
at the passing of one of the giants
of the Oregon forests.
With a forty-one foot girth, reach-
ing a good one hundred meters into
the air, Finnegan's Tree was surely
as majestic as they come, but eight
hundred years take their toll on even
TODAY'S STAFF:
News: Cheryl Pilate, Cathy Reutter,
Sara Rimer, Jeff Ristine, Jeff Soren-
sen
Editorial Page: Marc Basson, Debra
Hurwitz, Tom Kettler, Linda Kloote,
Tom Stevens
Arts Page: Chris Kochmanski
Photo Technician: Pauline Lubens

the hardiest of conifers.
We wonder what will become of
Finnegan's Tree. Will it be chopped
into hors d'oeuvres for hungry fire-
places or sawed into planks with
which Joe Handymen will construct
gauche brie-a-brac? Will it become
the newest rage to pick one's teeth
with a bit of majesty? Or will the
Dougles fir be granted an end worthy
of its stature?
Reverence for such a grand fellow
as Big Doug demands that no bark
be stripped from his noble flanks and
that his sylvan grandeur remain un-
desecrated, uncheapened by com-
mercial utilization.
FINNEGAN'S TREE deserves no less
than to be allowed a natural de-
composition, to return to the soil
whence it came.

Arts & Entertainment

0

Inconsistencies, over-acting
mar Machliaveli production

B RIDGE:of a squeeze
ExerFs Lools
It By MARK FRIEDLANDER-

Carlos' Spain: Hardliners

By STEVE WEISSMAN
MADRID (PNS) - The military still
holds ultimate power in Spain, despite
the loss of its long-time leader Generalis-
simo Francisco Franco, according to vet-
eran observers of military politics here.
In spite of growing radical sentiments
among some junior officers, the Spanish
military would likely use its guns to crush
any participation in the political system
by the still-outlawed Communist Party or
other left-wing groups, these observers say.
Spain's 400,000-strong military and para-
military forces will presumably go along
with Franco's chosen heir Prince Juan
Carlos and with the limited opening to
democracy that the prince has promised.
But should the reforms lead'to any rapid
ar far-reaching break with the old regime,
the military would almost certainly inter-
vene - with the backing of the country's
still-powerful fascist movement.
Ever since General Franco and his na-
tionalist forces crushed the Spanish Repub-
lic in the civil war of 1936-39, the military
has been the backbone of the regime. Many
of the top brass remain last-ditch defend-
ers of the old-style dictatorship.
OPPOSED TO BOTH Communism and
Western democracy - which they often
lump together - these officers favor even
tougher measures against the growing guer-
rilla attacks on Spanish policemen. They
are known to have deeply resented the
wave of foreign protests against the re-
gime's September execution of five alleged
terrorists.
In a still-unreported "mini-coup" only
days before the first of Franco's recent
heart attacks, several of these hardliners
even attempted to force the ouster of
more moderate colleagues from key mili-
tary posts. The attempt failed, as the gov-
ernment opted for a less strident approach.
But one of the hardliners - General Angel
Campano, 60 - did take command of one
cf the ton anti-terrorist forces. the para-

very beginning of the potential for a split,
in the armed forces."
Last July, for example, military authori-
ties here arrested several junior officers
and charged them with belonging to the
illegal Democratic Military Union -- which
one expert described as "possibly a small
Portuguese-style armed forces movement."
Twelve more arrests followed in October.
A thirteenth young officer, Capt. Jose Ig-
nacio Dominguez, was out of the country
when his arrest was ordered. At a Paris
press conference he announced desertion
from the Spanish forces and claimed that
the Democratic Military Union had 1,000
members, including 400 officers, and was
:ommitted to working for political demo-
cracy.
The officers were apparently arrested
because they rather naively requested by
mail copies of the platforms of various
political groups - including the Junta
Democratica, in which the Communists
play a major role. "One or two of the
officers may be politically active, but no
one seems to know," the official said.
THE OFFICIAL DOES believe the ar-
rested officers reflect a broad desire for
change, though not necessarily for demo-
cracy. "Many of these officers expect and
want a broader redistribution of wealth,
and they see the Spanish nobility as a
luxury which the country cannot afford,"
he explained. "They also respond to the
word 'socialism' more faborably than to
the word 'capitalism,' and they tend to
look with favor on the role of the Portu-
guese military in opening the way for
change in their country."
But, he hastened to add, they are ap-
palled by what they see as the breakdown
of discipline in the Portuguese military,
and "they tend to respond to the word
'communist' in much the same way as
did Senator Joseph McCarthy."
So whether the old hardline brass in-
tervenes to block reform - as seems

By JEFFREY SELBST
Mandragola, by Niccolo Mach-
iavelli, is an offering of the Uni-
versity Showcase Productions in
conjunction with the University
Boccaccio Festival. Now that
carries a lot of weight. Say those
long words-Boc-cac-cio; Mach-
i-a-vel-li. Roll them around on
your tongue. I know the actors
did.
The setting of Mandragola is
Florence, Italy, circa 1500. Bill-
ed as a satire, it is a convention-
al comedy concerning the pur-
suit of a married woman, Lu-
crezia, by the young lover Cal-
limaco. There is a debauched
priest, a stock villain, a befud-
dIed scholar, and the young im-
petuous boy's servant, who,
natch, is more clever than he.
Nothing new there.
There was also a Prologue,
played fetchingly by Catherine
Sperry in minstrel costume. The
difficulty was this - the Pro-
logue, describing the characters
as it did in Machiavelli's own
words, spotlighted the glaring
inconsistencies in the direction.
F'rinstance: Ligurio is pre-
sented to us in the Prologue's
opening speech as a villain; he

was played by James Martin as
a lovable rascal. We were led
to expect Captain Hook (Ligurio
was arrayed in a quasi-piratical
costume, after all), and were
given Scapin.
Mark Forth, in the role of
Callimaco, was supremely
aware of the responsibilities of
playing Renaissance Drama, as
was his servant Siro. There is
something about classic plays
that makes actors put of affect-
ed mannerisms and overplay
roles. Donald Hart's style of act-
ing (he was Siro) is competent,
but most of the actors gave me
the impression that it is always
East, and Juliet is always the
sun.
The two exceptions to over-
playing were Paul Palmore as
the corrupt Friar Timoteo, and
James Martin as Ligurio. Mar-
tin wanted too much to be liked;
Palmore wanted too much to
be hated. There was one scene,
in the second act, where any
good in the friar's core might
have emerged for just a mo-
ment, but he always left us'
with an awareness of his inner
wickedness.
Sometimes the chic is also a
thing of quality. It is definite-

ly chic right now to construct
a set with the audience sitting
in the middle of the action (wit-
ness the success of Candide in
New York), but in the case of
Mandragola, it is alsoquite ef-
fective. It allows a freedom of
action rarely experienced in a
small theater, as well as in-
volving the audience more close-
ly in this way.
But there is a danger, too-
one into which director Donald
Boros occasionally fell - it is
easy to misuse this freedom and
have the actors and indeed the
action itself caper about too
wildly. Rather than gradually
shift the actors about, or even
shift between different groups
of actors on all sides, Boros
has the actors chase each oth-
er up ramps and down stair-
ways. The design itself is, how-
ever, stunning.
Is this 'play a satire, however?
It is billed as one; do the actors
respond to the piece as if it
were? The play has a conven-
tional style, and its targets, if
any, are long dead. After all,
the government of Italy is no
longer of the city-state form, the
Church no longer holds predomi-
nant position, and women are no
longer the dumb broads they
were in Machiavelli's day. Boros
is correct to direct the play as
a straight farce, then, rather
than a social statement.
But this is the attitude from
which his energetic (and per-
haps overly so) direction stems.
Were he not taking the piece
as a farce, he wouldn't have
them capering about so madly.
The only irritating,and to me
amateurish, part of this mostly
stylish production was the musi-
cal interlude and introduction
by Elizabeth Kelly and Cathe-
rine Sperry. They seemed to be
struck in the play in order to
spotlight the musical abilities of
these two lovely girls. The trou-
ble was that they were more
haunting and elegaic than the
material called for.
The costumes were just love-
ly. I wonder myself if Renais-
sance convention absolutely
calls for the wearing of cod-
pieces by women (the two min-
strels). It is true that their
parts would have been played
by men in the elder days, and
that the female roles' costumes

r

3 4 7
97 4 2 r1053
10 63 * A K 8 7 5 4 2
Q J 10 84 4 9 7
South
A A K 10 8 6 5 2
V K J 8

Nort
4 QJ9
rYAQ6
*Q19
et. A K 4
West

X632
East South
3 f 3 *
East South
pass 6*
all pass

West
5,
West
pass

North
64
North
74

East

h
4

the guards In diamonds and
clubs may be in the East band,
behind dummy's threats, in-
stead of in the West hand where
declarer wants them. -
The queen of clubs is won in
dummy and the trumps are pull-
ed. Three exploratory rounds
of hearts are cashed, ending in
dummy after everyone has fol-
lowed suit. Since East has
shown up with a spade, three
hearts, and presumably seven
diamonds for his bid, he cannot
have started with more than
two clubs. Therefore, there is no
way he can guard, the third
round of clubs.
Now the diamond guard must
be transferred from East's AK
to West's hoped-for 10. The
queen of diamonds is led, and
East must cover, or else South
discards his losing club. A
trump is led to dummy to re-
peat the procedure. East covers
the jack of diamonds, and South
ruffs again, playing off all but
one of his trumps to produce
this position:
North

Opening lead: Queen of Clubs
Of all the advanced plays in
bridge, the one which best sep-
arates the expert from the av-
erage player is the squeeze. Ap-
pearing to manufacture a trick
from thin air, the squeeze really
works by forcing an overtaxed
defender into unguarding one
of the suits he protects.
The simple positional squeeze
is the easiest to understand. It
is called simple because there
are only two suits that threaten,
only one defender, and it is posi-
tional because the defender who
guards the two suits must be
seated in front of the threaten-
ing cards in the suit held by de-
clarer or dummy.
This is a typical example:
North

K4
West
10
J 10
So

v

4
4
outh

East
87
9

4A J
f K
West
SAQ

East
Immaterial

South
A x
dVA
+ x
South appears to have only
two of the last three tricks,
West standing ready to win the
second round of spades or the
first round of diamonds.
But watch what happens when
South cashes the ace of hearts,
known as the squeeze card!
West must discard one of his
guards in the other two suits.
If he pitches his ace of dia-

42
463
On the lead of the last trump,
West is squeezed. If he pitches
a diamond South tosses a club
from diummy, which is then
good. If West lets go a club,
dummy discards his diamond
and both clubs become good.
Seven spades, bid and made!
Arts Briefs:
The Hollywood studios are
rushing their product into the
theaters to beat the end-of-the-
calendar-year deadline for
Academy Award consideration.
Upcoming Christmas attrac-
tions include:
Barry Lyndon, Stanley Ku-
brick's first since Clockwork Or-
ange, starring Ryan O'Neal as
the colorfil Lyndon.

44p,