fU4 3 r14an Dait Eighty-Five Years of Editorial Freedom Edited and managed by students at the University of Michigan Interpol: A Saturday, September 27, 1975 News Phone: 764-0552 420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, Mi. 48104 DEA: Medieval drug policy- AT A TIME when most of the na- tion Is beginning to come to its senses on the marijuana issue, feder- al agents have taken it upon them- selves to send us back into the dark ages. The recent federal crackdown on a locally based drug ring brought more than just the usual arrests. The city, renowned for the most realistic marijuana law in the coun- try, has been slandered. The Drug Enforcement Agency has managed to drag out well-worn slo- gans and scare tactics which were laughed out of conversational use many years ago. DEA Regional Direc- tor James Vernier scolded the city, "This is what can happen when a city becomes permissive of nar- cotics." He went on to pin the blame for drug abuse on Ann Arbor's five dollar fine. Vernier dug out the overly used and well discredited' domino theory of drugs. "The record shows when some- one starts on marijuana there is a progression to other drugs," he warned. However the opinion of this federal agent has never been backed up by the facts. Every panel from the La Guardia report to the Presidential Commission on drug abuse has failed to substantiate this theory. While it is true that almost all hard drug users started by using marijuana, very few marijuana users end up using heroin. In fact a simi- lar analogy shows all heroin users started on milk. Pinning the blame for hard drug traffic in the city on the five dollar fine is like blaming litter on news- paper vendors. While chief of police Walter Krasney safely noted "We knew this would happen," one should also nute the city has no budget for direct narcotics investigation. The five dollar fine only covers amounts up to two ounces. Most peo- ple who have anything to do with the sale of marijuana are in possession of more than this amount. The fact that the police department does not wish to take the time or effort to in- vesigate drug traffic should not be covered up by blaming the five dol- lar fine. A review of the drugs confiscated in the raids lists heroin, cocaine, PCP, speed, and some hash. If the five dollar fine is to blame, why is it that it does not cover any of these substances? It is reassuring to know that some agency is cracking down hard drug traffic. Yet hard drug traffic should not be blamed on marijuana use. The only connection between marijuana and hard drugs is that both are il- legal. Since both are illegal, distribu- tion systems are controlled by the same people. Instead of imposing stiffer laws for substances which are of minimal danger to the community, a reverse anproach should be imposed. By leg- alizin'; marijuana, not only would sale and control of the substance be rut in a socially accentable light, but it would be removed from the control of those who are involved in the sale of more dangerous substances. In the mean time federal agents and nolice chiefs should stop shoot- ing off their mouths and start enforc- ir'r tha laws. If laws are being broken they have only to look in the mirror to see who is resnonsible for failing to enforce the laws. By PETER HOLDEN P EX-NAZIS, LEADERS of the German Gestapo and the Nazi SS, have held key jobs in Interpol as recently as 1973. Interpol, pictured as a master sleuth of international organiz- ed crime, is actually not a de- tective agency but a kind of super - sophisticated electronic intelligence network linking some 120 member nations -- in- cluding the U.S. - that cooper- ate in tracking down persons wanted by police. Interpol today regularly re- ceives confidential information on U. S. citizens from U. S. law enforcement agencies. U. S. State Department docu- ments about Interpol (Interna- tional Criminal Police Organiz- ation) - declassified earlier this year - reveal that: Interpol's president from 1968 to 1971 (and German rep- resentative until 1973) was Paul Dickopf, who until he fled Ger- many before the end of the war, was SS officer 337259. Dickopf died Sept. 19, 1973. Contrary to Interpol testi- mony before Congress that the agency closed down during World War II, Interpol - founded in Vienna in 1923 - was taken over by the Third Reich in 1938, and functioned throughout the war as part of its intelligence and police ap- paratus. Its presidents during these years were Reinhard Heydrich, head of the SS intel- ligence service, and Dr. Ernst Kaltenbrunner, a Gestapo chief who was later hanged at Nuren- burg for war crimes. Interpol's war-time head- quarters in Wannsee, just out- side Berlin, hosted a confer- ence, called by Heydrich in June, 1942, for 15 top Nazis where the "final solution to the Jewish problem" - mass ex- ecution - was worked out. Interpol was reconstituted, af- ter the war, by F. E. Louwage, who served on the Nazi Inter- pol staff under Kaltenbrunner and headed Hitler's Belgium political police. Louwage served as Interpol president from 1946 to 1950 ,running the office on funds left over from wartime Interpol activities. TODAY, INTERPOL - recog- nized by the United Nations as a legitimate, though private, intergovernmental organization - receives direct funding from the U. S. Treasury Department and has its U. S. offices in the Treasury Building. Its present director Louis Sims is on loan to the agency from the Secret Service. T r e a s u r y Department officials claim Interpol - with its electronic communications linkups to police agencies in some 120 foreign nations - is a valuable mechanism for tracking down international criminal suspects. But members of Sen. Joseph Montoya's Subcommittees on Treasury Appropriations - which funds Interpol - are worried about the agency's Nazi connections, revealed in hear- ings last March when a private citizens criminal justice investi- gation group presented the de- classified State Department doc- uments. The Subcommittee's other major concern is Interpol's ap- parently unlimited access to top-secret files on American citizens, which it then passes to foreign agencies. - T H E SUBCOMMITTEE taven j PLANS new hearings on Inter- pol within the next four weeks. Since 1947 Interpol, either di- rectly or through the Treasury Department, has regularly re- ceived information on U. S. Citizens from federal, state and local law enforcement agencies - from the Secret Service, the IRS, :Customs, Drug Enforce- ment Agency and the FBI down to local police departments. Interpol also has access to the FBI's vast National Crime Information Center - the- big- gest crime data bank in the U.S. No guidelines exist limiting the kind of information U. S. agencies can pass on through Interpol to the police and intel- ligence agencies of foreign countries. Interpol itself stores copies of all information it transmits to and from member nations in its world headquarters in Paris. In 1972, these central records contained over 1.5 million files on individuals, according to In- terpol chief Louis Sims. The same records also contain Hit- ler's Jewish files, housed at In- terpol's Wannsee headquarters and transferred to Paris after the war. THE FIRST POST-WAR U. S. connection to Interpol was made by former FBI Director J. Ed- gar Hoover in 1946, without the knowledge of the U. S. govern- ment. The U. S. had been invited by Louwage to send a delega- tion to Internol's 1946 annual convention. Declassified State Department documents reveal that then - Secretary of State Dean Acheson and U.S. Attor- ney General Tom Clark both recommended against sending the delegation. Acheson warned in a memo to Clark of Inter- pol's Nazi domination. Hoover, nonetheless, attended the convention secretly, and was elected the agency's vice presi- dent. Acheson learned of Hoov- er's action the next year, when Interpol renewed its invitation to the U. S. and referred to Hoover's role at the 1946 con- vention and his status as vice president. At this point, both Acheson and Clark appear to have ac- cepted the FBI membership in Interpol as a fait accompli. Hoover continued on as Inter- pol's vice president until 1950, when he angrily withdrew the FBI from Interpol after learn- ing that Czechoslovakia, one of its member nations, was using it to track down refugees who had fled to West Germany. THE FATE OF Interpol's po- sition in the U. S. remained in limbo for the next eight years until it was transferred to the Treasury Department at the request of Myles Ambrose. Since then, U. S. representa- tives have included Treasury Department officials Eugene Rossides, who served as vice president from 1969 to 1973, and Edward Morgan, who served as a member of Interpol's Execu- tive Committee until he re- signed in January 1974, facing charges of backdating Nixon's tax records. For years, private groups like the World Jewry Congress have repeatedly accused Interpol of refusing to cooperate in any ef- fort to track down Nazi war criminals. In response, the ag- ency cites its charter which prohibits it from pursuing "po- litical prisoners." At the same or ex-Nazis? Nazi SS intelligence agent Paul Dickopf, attired in SS track suit, 1939. Dickopf was President of Interpol from 1968 to 1972. time, it has justified the pre- ponderance of Jewish names it has on file by the claim in its official publication that "Jewish offenders have a pre- ference for offenses which re- quire the use of craftiness." Critics charges such statements are symptomatic of Interpol's strongly anti-Jewish bias, and its long history as a haven for Nazis and Nazi sympathizers. Peter Holden, PNS editor, researched the Interpol story in part through files, provided by the Church of Scientology's Na- tional Commission on Law En- forcement and Social Justice. Copyright, PNS, 1975. Letters to Thu Washing, the dirty laundry WTH EACH ADDITIONAL disclo- sure made by the Senate Intelli- gence Committee, it is becoming in- creasingly clear that the FBI and the CIA have shown flagrant disregard for the very laws they were designed to uphold. Frank Church (D-Idaho), chair- man of the committee; said Wednes- day that the CIA opened and read for nearly 20 years the mail of well known groups and individuals, in- cluding Richard Nixon and Martin Luther King. According to Church, all the intercepted mail was either sent to or from Communist countries. While al lthis was going on, mem- TODAYS STAFF.. News: Gordon Atcheson, Pauline Lu- bens, Rob Meachum, Jeff Ristine, Stephen Selbst, Curt Smith Editorial Page: Marc Basson, Adrienne Eaton, Paul Haskins, Debra Hurwitz, Tom Kettler, Linda Kloote, Mark Ortlieb, Tim Schick Arts Page: James Valk Photo Technician: Ken Fink bers of the FBI certainly weren't walking around with their hands in their pockets. Church revealed yes- terday that the FBI conducted hun- dreds of illegal break-ins against "domestic subversive targets" over a 26 year period ending in 1968. OF COURSE, these two latest reve- lations come as little surprise to the American public. It has been known for several months that the CIA regularly conducted "plainly un- lawful" domestic spying, according to the Rockefeller Commission which was appointed by Ford to probe the CIA. ' We deplore the abuse of power and urge that there be full disclosure of illegal FBI and CIA activities in hopes that a complete purge may be a step toward restoring some credi- bility in American government. The Senate Intelligence Commit- tee is planning to hold public hear- ings next month on the CIA's mail opening program. This is certainly a step in the right direction. CDU hbers went to the union hall to turn them in, she was not al- To The Daily: lowed into the office but had T H E R E C E N T LET- to wait outside in the hallway TER sent to members of local for Jean Jones to see her. 2001 from some of the members CDU HAS NOT yet decided of the Bargaining Team (B who will run for office on a Team) is rife with misstate- CDU slate, but when that de- ments, innuendos, and blatant cision is made it will be at am lies. Here are but a few: open meeting where any cler- The highly praised Univer- ical who believes in local union sity - wide seniority system of democracy can present them- promotions effectively locks selves as a candidate. We make clericals into their units for- our decisions at open meet- ever. If you are applying for a ings, not behind locked doors. job outside of your unit, you The B team, on the other hand, have virtually no chance of has had visions of sugar offices getting that job unless no one dancing in their heads (with in the unit is applying. This is 13 & 14 thousand dollar salar- true even if you have more ies) since November 1974 after seniority than that person. This returning from the UAW Black wouldn't be so bad if all of the Lake Resort (Education Cen- units were the same size but ter) Area. One of the problems that is not the case. Some cler- has been the year-long re-elec- icals have a chance to move tion campaign by this commit- inside their relatively large tee. units while others are locked The B Team would have you into small units forever believe that CDU does not Clericals for a Democratic want this local to vote on by- Union (CDU) has never sug- laws. If they had bothered to gested to clericals that decer- read our leaflets of several tification is a reasonable option. months ago they would have In fact we have urged clericals seen that we called for an elec- to disregard 'that notion and tion of a bylaws committee then work within the local for the (a request that was ruled out changes they want. We have of order). What we object to asked clericals not to write to is the Bargaining Committee the local for return of their writing those bylaws. You don't membership cards as some ask the horse thief how to se- wanted to do. We have also cure your barn against him af- urged new clericals to sign ter he has stolen your horses. membership cards and get in- Why on earth would you ask volved in their union. Last the B Team to write bylaws to weekend when one of our mem- insure democracy, when they Food stamps: Theedible aid By BOB RENNHACK and JULIE ZUCKMAN O RECEIVE FOOD STAMPS, you must be living in a household (house, apartment, or room with cooking facilities) and buying food. If you feel that you are not eat- ing properly or adequately because of financial reasons, you should consider applying for Food Stamps. Students are eligible for Food Stamps if their income is within the set limits and they are not claimed as depen- dents by non-eligible parents. If your parents properly claim you as a tax-dependent, which means that they are provid- ing you with more tha nhlf of your support, forget it, unless your parents themselves are receiving Food Stamps or some other form of public assistance. Students living in dorms and co-ops may be eligible if they are not on a meal plan. FOOD STAMPS ARE coupons issued in booklet form up to four times monthly. The U. S. Department of Agriculture runs the program through each state's Department of Social Services. After the DSS approves your application, you re- ceive certification (which means that you are officially reg- istered to receive Food Stamps). In Ann Arbor, Food Stamps can be purchased at several different banks. The Food Stamps are bought for a certain amount, de- pending upon the terms set up in your certification, and are then redeemable for a higher value in food. Hypothetically, you might pay $35 for Food Stamps valued at $46. When you spend them you will be getting $46 worth of food. The discount you will be allotted depends chiefly on how much income and savings you have and the number of people in your household. AT LEGAL AID, the Food Stamp Counselors are avail- . . ___ .__ .; ... A L, , ... en... nn n a al have shown time and time again that they don't know what de- mocracy is? Their idea of de- mocracy is close to Indira Ghandi's. Fortunately for us, they don't have the jails she has, unfortunately for us they have given us a contract that acts as one. CDU MEMBERS HAVE, indeed, lately refused to par- ticipate in the B Team's "Com- munications System". We are too busy communicating to clericals that they have a right to vote, make decisions for themselves, and the right to question the questionable activ- ities of their local union. Why should we help distribute the B Teams party line - "Take what we say or shut up, Yer outta order Sister"? Why should we encourage clericals to come to Tuesday night meetings where they could be told that they couldn't be told anything? We are to believe that the reason we cannot line up at the .microphone is because we push and shove each' other too much. Either the B Team is subject to hallucinations or they all need glasses, because from where I was sitting (S feet from the microphone) I saw that cleri- cals were lining up in a per- fectly courteous, respectable manner. The real reason they don't want people lining up is so that they can continue to call on people they know will sup- port them. It is so that they can continue to rule clericals out of order when they don't say what the B Team wants to hear, as they did during the ratification meeting with anyone who didn't agree that it was a good contract offer. If you disagree, "Yen outta order Sister" BEFORE YOU AT T E N D the September 28 meeting I ask all clericals to consider the dif- ferences between the CDU stand on how bylaws should be written and the B Team's quick- ie method. Ask yourself why all of a sudden the tortoise wants to run (for office) like a hare. Why are they so interested in pushing through their version of the bylaws? If you happen to be lucky enough to get a copy of their proposed bylaws look them over carefully. Ask yourself, do we really need to pay union officers 2 or 3 times what most clericals make? Why are they asking for another bu- reaucracy between the clericals and the union officials? Why do they want infrequent meetings? Do we really want the same people who locked us into our units with their POP system to lock us out of our local with their bylaws? Would you ask the horse thief to secure your barn against himself? Dan Byrne Rackham Graduate School Sept. 22 strike To The Daily: rPJV AM u T r TI'_ n ;1 _1 .n the right to strike over local grievances primarily concern- ing health and safety problems. According to the contract nego- tiated last winter, local prob- lems were to be resolved through a grievance procedure, which, however, has remained unenforced and dishonored by the coal operators. Rather than fairly implementing the con- tract, operators have relied on court imposed fines and in- junctions to prevent the miners from withholding labor in re- sponse to operators' negligence. For soft coal miners, such neg- ligence is a life and death issue: the mortality rate has increas- ed 13 per cent since last year. To deny the miners the legal right to strike over local griev- ances in this situation is to deny them the right to strike to en- sure safety in producinng the energy sources we constantly rely on. THIS PROBLEM IS not foreign to those of us who work for the University. All of the local unions have been forc- ed to sign no-strike, non-inter- ference clauses in our contracts with the U., in order to nego- tiate settlements. We, too, give up the right to strike in ex- change for a grievance proce- dure whose fair implementation is as much the responsibility of the Administration as our own and whose jurisdiction is lim- ited to matters specified in the contract. As a result, striking over any unforeseen problem which might arise between contract bargaining, or over the Administration's potential failure to equitably implement the grievance procedure, or over issues legally prohibited from inclusion in our contracts, runs the same risks and costs levied on the soft-coal miners. These clauses constrain the freedom of the various campus unions to act collectively in op- position to the Administration when warranted by an unfore- seen issue in which we all have a stake, or when warranted by the spirit of solidarity in facili- tating just worker - manage- ment settlements during con- tract negotiations. ALL OF US who have chafed against these restrictions over our control over our own labor power should not hesitate to notify Arnold Miller, president of the UMW, of our support for the wildcat strikers, our opin- ion that the union should not penalize the organizers and participants in the strike, and our position that Miller, in re- cognition oftthe legitimate com- plaints of the rank and file, should 1) actively seek to ne- gotiate a right to strike clause over all grievances not resolv- ed by the operators, 2) counter sue the coal operators for fail- ure to implement the griev- ance procedure and to correct serious safety and health haz- ards in the mines, and 3) make every effort to force operators to honor the grievance proce- dure a it now stnnds employment- To The Daily: YOU KNOW, I'VE heard about government agencies that pay people for doing literally nothing. It's something that can well be imagined in these days of bureaucratic wastes. As Dorothy declared in The Wizard of Oz that she need not travel beyond her own back yard to discover life, so too, one need not travel far to find a classic example of administra- tive wastes at our own dear University. Namely, the new Temporary Employment Of- fice at the SAB. I needed assist- ance locating part-time em- ployment so naturally that's where I went for possible job referrals. I had expected to be interviewed, tested for typing, etc. In short, tested for job qualifications. As it happened, th proce- dure was a simple application which did not seem proper, but I was desperate enough to go through with anything, even nonsense applications. As I filled out the form I heard a woman ask the secretary when she would be contacted about a job. The secretary answered that it was the woman's re- sponsibility to watch the bul- letin boards in the office and find employment herself. THE WOMAN LOOKEb con- fused as she mumbled her thanks and walked out the door. I then asked the secretary, "Can't a person just keep post- ed about job openings on cam- pus and not fool around with these applications?" When her answer wasaffirmative, I asked her why the forms were neces- sary. Her response was that a student is not eligible for Uni- versity employment without an application on file withtheirsof- fice. I informed her that she must have her information wrong because I know several people who are now working for the University and that not one of has a file with Temporary Employment. She snapped back, "If you have a job already, why are you making out an applica- tion?" Isn't it nice to know that our money is used in such a frugal, intelligent manner? At a time when vital, realistic programs like Project Community face cutbacks forcing them to utilize one motor vehicle for 50 field projects, it's a crime that monies are channeled into a new office which does nothing but waste time, 'paper, money and office space. As we pay more to attend this school, as the people-oriented departments are altered due to budget cuts, and as threats of still more cuts loom ahead, it's good to know that the Univer- sity is busy thinking of all sorts of delightful ways to bureau- cratize our money. \wememo.*~ un